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The author:(作者)归海一刀published in(发表于) 2014/2/17 9:04:51 Shed 23，000 households involved in Inner Mongolia State-owned forest region reform projects have been put on hold
23,000 households involved why the project put on hold
"The old houses have been torn down, new House there is no shadow", "central to this years planned project matching funds are down, but still slept on the group accounts"
Recent research found that in recent years vigorously promoting the transformation of shanty town, weak financial strength of State-owned forest region, in further advancing change in greenhouse construction, such as water, heating, and gas pipelines and ancillary facilities such as road building, facing greater financial pressure. Especially in the Northeast Xiao hinggan mountains forest policy reduced or stopped after final cutting, revenue declined sharply, shed continues to advance a modified pressure, a number of projects on hold for years even harder to advance.
Flows generally "small horse-drawn wagon"
Reporters learned in the investigation of Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, the State-owned forest region on the next push canopy change objectives are very clear, but generally reflect the financial pressure is huge.
"Together with non-concentrated in sheets, Yichun city modified still have 100,000 households to shed. "The Secretary of Yichun Wang Aiwen," said Yichun city revenues are small, mainly for the Bulgarian operation, protection of wages, the people's livelihood, that two years of policy full stop after final cutting, make us nervous, ' little horse-drawn carts ', funding under much pressure. ”
In accordance with national policies, to protect the ecology, from 2011, the full cessation of final cutting and Xiaoxing ' an mountains forest areas of Heilongjiang province; sharply reduced harvest in Daxing ' anling forest region in Inner Mongolia, phasing out the final cutting of natural forests.
Inner Mongolia forest industry group (Bureau of Daxing ' anling forest), Executive Vice President of Zhao Baojun said that production has been reduced to 1.1 million cubic meters of timber forest in 2011, less than 10 years ago, one-third, high pressure of financial revenue and expenditure. "Shanty town renovation in daxinanling of Inner Mongolia State-owned forest region has accumulated starts 107,000 households, matching funds that is equipped with a 1.19 billion yuan, of which mortgage loan of 700 million Yuan, as well as financing has become increasingly difficult. ”
In an interview with State-owned forest areas generally reflect the superior funding slow, affecting the progress of the start and duration of the project. Wang Aiwen told Reporter: "Yichun General is construction pad funding shed modified, pad not up of on, with national funds in place, and annually April to October is Northeast best of construction time, Yonge fill General in 9, and October only up, November will freezes has, engineering a stopped on across a years, not only extended has duration, also increased has transition placed fee, cost, recommends annually spring Hou first pre-dial part funds. ”
Engineering networks supporting particularly late heat a heavy burden, which is generally strongly reflect the problems in State-owned forest region. Zhao Baojun said: "forests heating period of at least seven months, heating costs about seven or eight Yuan per square meter, charge after 2 employees to fill five or six Yuan now affixed to more than 100 million Yuan a year, and this does not include the heating of inputs. By calculation, finished with 150,000 households annually will pay 200 million heating subsidies, build more put up more. "Wan Chen, Deputy Director of chaoer Forestry Bureau said:" in the past internal thermal power plant to 100,000 square meters of heating, shed after changing heat area of 240,000 square meters, the Bureau posted more than 2 million yuan each year, and also the rising coal prices don't rise. ”
Question modified project suffered 23,000 households shed shelving
In the interview survey, this reporter learned that, with the Yichun city "Enterprise one" different from Inner Mongolia forest industry group (Bureau of Daxing ' anling forest) and subordinate to the FDA and the territorial Government are "separation" exists in the shed to promoting overall land, tax and duty exemptions and facilities construction, Government and enterprise coordination problem. Therefore, forest canopy modification project for several years more than 23,000 households suffered on hold.
Said Zhao Baojun, woodland () forest worker needs arising during the process of withdrawal and relocation to the central market town. Taking into account the forest workers forest has made contributions to the country, but have long lived in the mountains to enjoy the city public services such as health care resources to thoroughly improve their quality of life, forest industry group through coordination with the central ministries, the territorial Government, choose the town building relocation of the centre point of the Hulun Buir, the forest dwellers are free to select the placement point.
In 2009, the Inner Mongolia forest industry group at the Group's headquarters in the county-level city of yakeshi relocation from 13 FDA 4,845 families, sheds housing built by the Government, and then modified by corporate buy-backs, getting the project, welcomed by the masses. Sun Liangbin is 61 years old in 2010 from more than 400 kilometres away in the placement of retired in yakeshi of mangui Forestry Bureau, "my two children also work in full, older, in the city a convenient, thanks to the good policies. ”
In 2010, the offsite construction plans again 4,235 households commissioned construction of City Government, forest industry group has signed an agreement with the yakeshi Government, the municipalities are responsible for planning, demolition, construction, forest industry group in accordance with an agreement to refinance, on December 31, 2011 delivery. However, advance the process of the Government, because of low value of land development projects without developers bid are not going smoothly, 2,631 households have still not started, has been started in 1604 has not yet completed.
Reporters learned that in daxinanling of Inner Mongolia State-owned forest in yakeshi 2010, hailar district, zhalantun city, in genhe city offsite construction plan is 31,500 families, but to the present, coupled with the forestry administration and forest management Bureau site projects, shed a total of about 23,000 households change project has not yet been started. Some people for many years in "the old houses have been removed and new homes, there is no shadow" position, large letters and calls have occurred. Zhao Baojun said, "central to this planned project matching funds are a few years off, but still slept on the group accounts. ”
In the territorial Government's slow progress in building the case, companies try to build their own, but in such areas as land, tax and duty exemptions, facilities construction and territorial Governments to coordinate, "poor", which is the direct cause of project shelved. Zhao Baojun said, "Yichun ' separation ', what they say goes, fee waiver yourself, not us, which we have to strive for. City wants us to purchase at 400,000 yuan per mu of land, than the hailar district of hulunbeier city center location gives us cost of 240,000 yuan/Mu premium, enterprise under a lot of pressure. ”
23,000 households did not start projects, yakeshi about 13,000 homes. Yakeshi housing Secretary Zhang Manze said in an interview with reporters, 2014, including forest project, wants to start the conversion project of approximately 20,000 households sheds, set 2 billion is expected, but limited financial resources of the Government, funds under enormous pressure, and how implementation can not be fixed.
Heavy burden on needy people
Reporters found that placed all over the forest canopy modification in the process introduced a lot of Huimin policies, however, due to the generally lower income of workers in forest areas, less life savings, particularly rising prices in recent years, increases in construction costs, personally funded part increases apparent, burdens of the masses.
Yichun Cuiluan District forestry Council Deputy Secretary Li Chuancheng introduced, the forestry Council due to benefits different policy elastic degrees different, but overall, shantytown residents in the difficult masses of share larger, quite part in paid housing structure post and the decoration staying costs Shi has difficult, for, Cuiluan District launched SHC households 50 square within beyond fetched area part can for property shared, and has income guarantees premise Xia floors structure post can "ious" of offers policy, results, has one-third of masses "ious". Zhao Baojun describes, the current low income of staff in Daxing ' anling forest region in Inner Mongolia, the average annual wage was 28,900 dollars, for the territorial 60% of the average.
Who lives in yakeshi, Inner Mongolia people's livelihood resettlement residential area: 26th, Sun Shulin, 68 years old, in libraries of forestry new zhangfang woodland primary school teaching 40, because it is a collective work, a pension equal to 1200 dollars a month, his wife is deaf, there is no income from work. He told reporters that the 47 square meters one bedroom and one living room, 600 Yuan per square meter on average, spent a total of 28,000 hands then with simple decoration, backs the $ 30,000 worth of arrears still owed more than 10,000 yuan.
Shed changed resettlement of individuals funded part of the yearly increase in prices also add to the burdens of the masses. "Cuiluan District delivery with the first batch of houses at the end of 2009, when only 100 yuan per square meter. Now go far beyond this price. "Li Chuancheng said that in recent years, artificial wage increases of raw material prices, especially clear that building costs per square metre per cent in 2008, generally ran up to 2013 in 1300 to 1500 Yuan.
Cadres reflected in forest areas, households pay the personal contribution part difficult, to a certain extent affected squatters "Studio upstairs" initiative. □
涉2.3万户项目缘何搁置
“旧房已拆除，新房尚无影”，“中央给这几年列入计划的项目配套资金都下来了，但现在还睡在集团账上”
记者近日调研发现，随着近年来棚户区改造的大力推进，财政实力薄弱的国有林区，在进一步推进棚改建设和在水、暖、气等管网及道路等配套设施建设上，面临着较大的资金压力。尤其是东北地区的大小兴安岭国有林区政策性减伐或停止主伐后，收入急剧下降，棚改持续推进有压力，一些项目甚至搁置几年仍难推进。
资金普遍“小马拉大车”
记者在黑龙江、内蒙古调研时了解到，各国有林区对下一步推进的棚改目标非常明确，但普遍反映资金压力巨大。
“加上非集中连片的，伊春市还有10万户需要棚改。”伊春市委书记王爱文说，“伊春市财政收入规模小，主要用于保运转、保工资、保民生，这两年政策性全面停止主伐后，财力更加紧张，‘小马拉大车’，资金面临很大压力。”
根据国家政策，为保护生态，从2011年起，黑龙江大小兴安岭林区全面停止主伐；内蒙古大兴安岭林区大幅调减采伐量，逐步停止天然林主伐。
内蒙古森工集团(大兴安岭林管局)常务副总赵宝军说，2011年林区木材产量被调减到110万立方米，不及10年前的1/3，资金收支压力大。“内蒙古大兴安岭国有林区棚户区改造已累计开工10.7万户，资金配套这块就配进了11.9亿元，其中抵押贷款了7亿元，同时融资也越来越困难。”
采访中，国有林区普遍反映上级资金到位慢，影响工程的启动和工期进度。王爱文告诉记者：“伊春普遍是建设单位垫资棚改，垫不起的就等着国家资金到位，而每年4月至10月是东北最好的施工时间，央补一般在9、10月份才达，11月份就要封冻了，工程一停就隔一年，不仅延长了工期，还增加了过渡安置费等成本，建议每年开春后先预拨部分资金。”
工程路网配套尤其是后期供暖负担很重，这是国有林区普遍强烈反映的问题。赵宝军说：“林区供暖期至少七个月，供暖成本大约每平方米七八元，收职工2元后要补五六元，现在每年贴1亿多元，而这还不包括供暖设施的投入。经测算，等改造完15万户每年将承担2个亿的供暖补贴，建得越多贴得越多。”内蒙古绰尔林业局副局长宛晨说：“过去企业内部的热电厂给10万平方米的供暖，棚改后供暖面积达24万平方米，局里每年贴200多万元，还要看煤价涨不涨。”
涉2.3万户棚改项目遭遇搁置
在采访调研中，记者了解到，与伊春市“政企合一”不同，内蒙古森工集团(大兴安岭林管局)及下属各林业局与属地政府均“政企分开”，致使棚改在整体推进中存在土地、税费减免、配套设施建设等政企协调难的问题。因此，几年来累计超过2.3万户林区棚改项目遭遇搁置。
赵宝军说，林场(所)在撤并过程中产生的林区职工需要异地安置至中心集镇。考虑到林区职工为国家林区事业作出了贡献，但长期生活在深山难以享受城市医疗等公共服务资源，为彻底提高他们的生活质量，森工集团通过与中央部委、属地政府大量协调，选择在呼伦贝尔各中心集镇开建异地安置点，各林区居民可以自由选择安置点。
2009年，内蒙古森工集团在集团总部所在地的县级市牙克石市异地安置了来自13个林业局的4845户居民，棚改房由政府代建后再由企业回购，项目进展顺利，受到群众欢迎。61岁的孙良斌就是2010年从400多公里外的满归林业局退休安置到牙克石的，“我两个孩子还在满归上班，年纪大了，在牙克石看个病啥的方便，感谢这个好政策。”
2010年，异地建设计划4235户再次委托牙克石政府建设，森工集团与牙克石市政府还签订了协议，由市政府负责规划、拆迁、建设，森工集团按照协议回购，计划2011年12月31日交付使用。但是，政府推进过程中，因项目土地开发价值低无开发商投标等进展不顺利，至今还有2631户没开工，已开工的1604户仍未完工。
记者采访了解到，内蒙古大兴安岭国有林区2010年至2013年在牙克石市、海拉尔区、扎兰屯市、根河市等地进行异地建设计划是3.15万户，但至目前，加上各林业局及林管局局址项目，总共约2.3万户棚改项目尚未开工。一些群众多年处于“旧房已拆除，新房尚无影”的境地，意见较大，信访时有发生。赵宝军坦言，“中央给这几年列入计划的项目配套资金都下来了，但现在还睡在集团账上。”
在属地政府代建进展缓慢的情况下，企业想自己建，但在土地、税费减免、配套设施建设等方面与属地政府协调“不畅”，这是项目进一步搁置的直接原因。赵宝军说，“伊春‘政企合一’，土地自己说了算，费用减免自己定，我们不行，这些政策我们得去争取。牙克石要我们按40万元/亩购买土地，比呼伦贝尔市中心位置的海拉尔区给我们的24万元/亩的地价还贵，企业压力很大。”
在2.3万户未开工项目中，牙克石市约1.3万套。牙克石市住建局局长张满泽面对记者采访时表示，2014年想启动包括林区项目在内的大约2万户棚改项目，预计配套20个亿，但政府财力有限，资金压力巨大，具体如何实施还没定。
困难群众负担沉重
记者发现，尽管各地林区在棚改安置过程中出台了很多惠民政策，但是，由于林区职工收入普遍较低，生活积蓄少，尤其是近年物价上涨，建筑成本增加，个人出资部分增加明显，群众负担加重。
伊春市翠峦区林业局副局长李传程介绍，各林业局因效益不同政策松紧度不同，但总体而言棚户区居民中困难群众的比重较大，相当部分在支付房屋结构差价及装修入住费用时有困难，为此，翠峦区推出特困户50平方米以内超出回迁面积部分可进行产权共享、有收入保障前提下楼层结构差价可“打白条”的优惠政策，结果，有1/3的群众“打白条”。赵宝军介绍，目前内蒙古大兴安岭林区职工收入低，平均年工资是2.89万元，为属地平均工资的60%。
家住内蒙古牙克石市民生安置小区26号楼的孙树林今年68岁，在库都儿林业局新账房林场小学从教40年，因为是大集体工，退休金只有每月1200元，老伴是聋哑人，没有工作收入。他告诉记者，这套47平方米的一室一厅，平均每平方米600元，共花了2.8万元才拿到手，然后加上简单装修，为此背上了3万元的欠款，至今还欠着1万多元。
棚改安置个人出资部分随物价逐年上涨也加重群众负担。“翠峦区第一批安置房2009年末就交房了，当时每平方米个人只需100元。现在远远超出这个价格了。”李传程说，近年来，原料价格尤其是人工工资上涨明显，每平方米建设成本由2008年的八九百元，普遍涨到2013年的1300元至1500元。
林区干部反映，家庭支付个人出资部分难度较大，在一定程度上影响了棚户区居民“出棚上楼”的积极性。□
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