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The author:(作者)归海一刀published in(发表于) 2014/3/20 5:15:04 关于xml编码问题在VB,PHP,JAVA下的解决方案_[XML教程]
这里,我用DOM进行XML解析,应为它简单。
1 客户首先使用VB进行编辑表单,生成一个apply.xml文件。
在VB中,使用MSXML 4.0。如果不设定编码方式,保存的时候,文件默认就是UTF-8编码
Set dom = CreateDOM Set node = dom.createProcessingInstruction("xml", "version='1.0'") dom.appendChild node Set node = Nothing
2 接下来,客户将这个XML通过Web上传到服务器
在PHP中,XMLDOM只支持UTF-8作为默认编码。所以生成的XML文件,上传以后可以直接解析这个文件,获得一些信息
if (!dom = domxml_open_mem(content)) { t->assign('msg', "文件解析错误!"); t->render('noavailable.html', PAGE_TITLE, 'wrap.html'); exit; }
接下来,要将这个文件存到数据库里面,因为数据库使用MS Sql Server,它不支持UTF-8的数据结构,所以将整个文件以二进制的方式存到数据库里面,这里让我搞了半天的就是二进制文件的存放方式,如果是mysql,那不需要做任何转换就可以直接存了,但是mssql不行,原因是:
This is because the MSSQL parser makes a clear distinction between binary an character constants. You can therefore not easilly insert binary data with "column = 'data'" syntax like in MySQL and others.The MSSQL documentation states that binary constants should be represented by their unquoted hexadecimal byte-string. That is.. to set the binary column "col" to contain the bytes 0x12, 0x65 and 0x35 you shold do "col = 0x126535" in you query.
具体操作如下:
//读取上传的文件 original = _FILES['content']['name']; if (!empty(original)) { if (_FILES['content']['type'] == "text/xml") { filename = _FILES['content']['tmp_name']; handle = fopen(filename, "rb"); originalcontent = fread(handle, filesize(filename)); fclose(handle); } } //end if(!empty(original))
originalcontent = unpack("H*hex", originalcontent); //这步是关键
db->query("insert into ".TBL_SB_ONLINE_USER." (sb_id, user_id, username, sbmc, content, created_date) values (" .newid.", " .u.", " .db->quote(stripslashes(name)).", " .db->quote(stripslashes(sbmc)).", 0x" .originalcontent['hex'].", " //注意这里,前面有0x ."'now')");
3 上传之后,用户也可以在网上对这个文件进行在线编辑,这时需要将这个文件从数据库读出,然后还原成UTF-8编码,再进行解析。虽然我们上面使用了unpack,但读出的时候不需要还原。
sb = db->getRow('select sbmc, content from '.TBL_SB_ONLINE_USER." where sb_id = sb_id"); originalcontent =sb[content];
if (!dom = domxml_open_mem(originalcontent)) { t->assign('msg', "文件解析错误!"); t->render('noavailable.html', PAGE_TITLE, 'wrap.html',true); exit; } context = xpath_new_context(dom); xpath = context->xpath_eval("//material/xm"); t->assign('xm',iconv("UTF-8","GBK",xpath->nodeset[0]->get_content()));
读出的时候,mssql除了用于 SQL Server 的 Microsoft OLE DB 提供程序和 SQL Server ODBC 驱动程序自动将 @@TEXTSIZE 设置为最大值 2 GB。其他的都是4096 (4 KB),所以用PHP访问时候,务必将下面打开mssql.textlimit = 2147483647mssql.textsize = 2147483647
4 后台用VB,要解析该函数需要添加以下代码,用来将byte()转换成utf-8编码
Public Declare Function MultiByteToWideChar Lib "kernel32" (ByVal CodePage As Long, ByVal dwFlags As Long, ByVal lpMultiByteStr As Long, _ByVal cchMultiByte As Long, ByVal lpWideCharStr As Long, ByVal cchWideChar As Long) As Long
Public Const CP_UTF8 = 65001
Public Function UTF8_Decode(bUTF8() As Byte) As StringDim lRet As LongDim lLen As LongDim lBufferSize As LongDim sBuffer As StringDim bBuffer() As BytelLen = UBound(bUTF8) + 1If lLen = 0 Then Exit FunctionlBufferSize = lLen * 2sBuffer = String(lBufferSize, Chr(0))lRet = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, VarPtr(bUTF8(0)), lLen, StrPtr(sBuffer), lBufferSize)If lRet <> 0 ThensBuffer = Left(sBuffer, lRet)End IfUTF8_Decode = sBufferEnd Function
具体读数据库的操作是
Dim varcontent() As Byte varfilesize = mrc.Fields("content").ActualSize varcontent = mrc.Fields("content").GetChunk(varfilesize) content = UTF8_Decode(varcontent)
xmlDoc.async = False xmlDoc.resolveExternals = False xmlDoc.loadXML (content) If (xmlDoc.parseError.errorCode <> 0) Then Dim myErr Set myErr = xmlDoc.parseError MsgBox ("发生错误 " & myErr.reason) Else xmlDoc.setProperty "SelectionLanguage", "XPath"
5 后台,在Java里面就更好操作了,将读出的数据变成byte[],然后转换成UTF-8的字符串。
最后要说的是,PHP的确是一个非常强大的脚本语言,如果开发PHP过程中遇到难以解决,google都不容易搜到的问题,大家直接上php.net的在线文档,文档里面通常有很多好心人将自己的使用心得写在上面,非常有帮助。
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