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The author:(作者)归海一刀
published in(发表于) 2014/3/24 3:46:09
Michelle today visited the Terra-Cotta Warriors of XI ’ an， now has four hour drive into figurines

　　According to itinerary today, Obama's wife Michelle to visit terracotta warriors and horses

Figurines under the interpretation of this "unspoken rules"

A closer look at a galaxy of "inheritance" treatment

According to the itinerary, United States first lady Michelle Obama today depart for Xian, visit as "the eighth wonder of the world" terracotta and XI ' an city wall. This is the second on December 4 last year Ukraine after President Viktor Yanukovich visits, Museum of Qin Shihuang terracotta warriors and horses to usher in an important foreign guests.

The legal evening news journalist combs the relevant information is found, in addition to foreign heads of State, as well as individual guests have access to the conservation area, and terracotta point-blank, a Tweet of 2011 has revealed a number of foreign tourists, to enter the figurines pit visited and photographed.

　　What kind of visitors have access to clay pit of "special treatment"? Visit how to achieve effective protection of the terracotta warriors and horses at close range?

With these questions, this reporter interviewed former Acting Director of Protocol of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Lu Peixin, terracotta warriors and horses Museum, a former Party Secretary Duan Zhichang terracotta scenic tour of the little red.

　Make an exception only for dignitaries, heads of family

Before the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Protocol Department acting Director Lu Peixin told the legal evening news said in an interview with a reporter, not only is the Terra-Cotta Warriors, such as the forbidden city Palace is just entering, but if requested by the foreign dignitaries had wanted to visit, so make an exception for them. But from the perspective of cultural relics protection, up to make an exception only for dignitaries, heads of family, and Entourage is inaccessible.

This is confirmed by the Emperor Qin terracotta warriors and horses Museum, former Party Secretary Duan Zhi long. He said that could enter the Terra-Cotta Warriors restoration area and terracotta zero distance and face-to-face contact, not all visitors can, but need to be approved by provincial cultural relics Bureau and other institutions. Warriors introduce scenic tour Ren Xiaohong, in accordance with relevant regulations, visitors are not allowed to touch Terra cotta, but the Museum has the responsibility of special population services, for visits of Heads of State and some important visiting guests do need "special treatment", Museum of the approval of the provincial cultural heritage Bureau, or specialized foreign approval, allow visitors under strict restrictions and regulations "perks".

　Accompanying officials strictly limit the number of

Lu Peixin introduction, is various foreign embassies usually requested by the foreign dignitaries, travel arrangements for the submission of your spare time, then measure the Chinese side decided. Which attractions to visit, what link is up to the discretion of local scenic spots. Are often choose to visit the forbidden city, the great wall, the Terra-Cotta Warriors is due to guests coming from afar to China of the most curious is the place, where the most representative.

Lu Peixin, he explained, past President of foreign heads of State visit to China, with the head of mission went to visit attractions, now in order to control the number of accompanying him, for example, visited the terracotta warriors and horses, is the mausoleum of General translation, Vice President of the Museum, guided individual personnel, Ministry of Foreign Affairs officials, accompanied by.

Ren Xiaohong introduced into figurines all guards and managers to follow.

In addition, Lu Peixin told reporters, when Ronald Reagan visited China when visiting the terracotta warriors, he is accompanied by one, when Reagan did enter the pit tour. "Not only Ronald Reagan, almost all foreign dignitaries came to terracotta warriors and horses in the past, will go on to visit. "This really is their special treatment, said Lu Peixin. Terracotta warriors tour as, whether Michelle enters terracotta warriors pit tour, Lu Peixin said that Michelle and Presidents, heads of State is certainly different from your specifications, but into the crater visit is very likely.

　　Dialog

Important visitor "special treatment"

How different people visit the terracotta, terracotta scenic tour interviews to any that Sean accepted the law later.

(Legal evening hereafter FW): what do tourists visited the terracotta warriors and horses?

Ren Xiaohong: terracotta army is generally divided into the ordinary tourist area, VIP access and conservation area.

FW: three different?

Ren Xiaohong: ordinary tourist resort is the place where the terracotta warriors and horses pits about 5 m high building a channel and VIP channel about some three meters lower than average visitor channel, about 60 meters long, the two channels do not touch to the Terra-Cotta Warriors, nor and terracotta in the same horizontal plane. Conservation District on the first side, sightseeing and "Terra Cotta Warriors" direct face to face.

FW:VIP channel also needs to be approved by the relevant departments, please?

Ren Xiaohong: not really, because VIP channel are not directly exposed to the Terra-Cotta Warriors, than an ordinary tourist area and relatively close to the Terra-Cotta Warriors. And although allowed to take pictures, but you cannot use Flash.

FW: only the first pit is VIP channel?

Ren Xiaohong: Yes, but apart from conservation areas could be face to face with terracotta, and antiques Gallery, second, can and painted terracotta zero distance "dialogue".

　　Directly touch the guard followed

FW: conservation areas can be direct-touch?

Ren Xiaohong: they're not directly touch, in order to avoid harmful substances such as perspiration, in the hands of terra cotta pots paint damage, Museum will choose first, hang fix several painted Terra cotta pots make tourists touch, wearing gloves contacts, touch is so light, there can be too much heavy action.

FW: wearing gloves can not damage artifacts?

Ren Xiaohong: Terra cotta texture is stable, protected by the glove soft touch will not be detrimental to the quality and safety of the Terra cotta. Even though a person is allowed to touch a Galaxy is rare, museums are only on the premise of ensuring security would "make an exception".

FW: this is probably what program?

Ren Xiaohong: If the visitor is not required, generally does not offer, if the visitor has requested, through ratification of the notice or the Foreign Affairs Bureau of cultural relics, before they could enter, after you enter, with guards and managers to follow.

　Terracotta almost 200 foreign heads of State

From October 1979 the Qin terracotta warriors and horses Museum opened to date has received nearly 200 foreign heads of State, they left a lot of interesting stories in the Museum.

Visitors sign up, United States President Ronald Reagan, France President Francois Mitterrand, United Kingdom Queen Elizabeth II, Germany Chancellor Helmut Kohl Japan Prime Minister Noboru Takeshita, Ohira Masayoshi, and many famous statesmen in the world, leaving words of praise after the visit.

　The luckiest: Lee Kuan Yew

The first foreign leader

On May 14, 1976, the newly discovered two terracotta warriors and horses of the year ushered in the first foreign leader---Singapore Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew. Lee Kuan Yew watch 40 minutes before departure. He said: "this is the wonder of the world, the pride of the nation. "He expressed himself very lucky to be the first foreign leaders to visit. On September 17, 1985, the second time Lee Kuan Yew after 9 years to visit the Museum of Qin terracotta.

　Most active: Jacques Chirac

The eighth wonder of the world

In September 1978, former President Jacques Chirac, said: "the seven wonders of the world, the Qin terracotta warriors and horses can be described as the eighth wonder. Don't see the pyramids, not really visited Egypt; not a Galaxy, not really visited China. "So," the eighth wonder of the world "was spread like wildfire.

　　The funniest: Ronald Reagan

This horse does not kick me

On April 29, 1984, United States President Ronald Reagan visited the terracotta warriors and horses, he entered the Hall first live praise: "that's great! "Reagan soldier figurines in different poses; horse figurine lifelike, seemed ready to rush on the battlefield, Reagan suddenly turned to his entourage said," this horse will not kick me? "The United States-style humor makes everyone laugh.

　　Most dedicated: Putin

Shoes, why not the same

On October 16, 2004, Russia President Vladimir Putin visited his coveted warriors, visit time 1 time longer than planned.

Intelligence agent Putin's observation of the origin can be seen from the questions he asked: "why do not all have the same clothes and shoes of the Terra-Cotta Warriors? How do soldiers of the Qin dynasty military supply? ”

This version of the article/reporter Li Hongpeng Li Wenji

　　按行程安排 奥巴马夫人米歇尔今天参观兵马俑

　　本报解读下俑坑“潜规则”

　　近观秦俑“奥嫂”有待遇

　　按照行程安排，美国第一夫人米歇尔·奥巴马今天启程前往西安，参观作为"世界第八大奇迹"的秦始皇陵兵马俑和西安城墙。这是继去年12月4日乌克兰总统亚努科维奇到访后，秦始皇兵马俑博物馆迎来的又一位重要外宾。

　　《法制晚报》记者梳理相关信息发现，除外国元首之外，还有个别来宾有机会进入文物修复区可以和兵马俑零距离接触，2011年的一条微博曾曝有几名外国游客进入到俑坑内参观并拍照。

　　什么样的参观者有进入到俑坑的"特殊待遇"？近距离参观如何实现对兵马俑的有效保护？

　　带着这些疑问，本报记者采访了外交部前任礼宾司代司长鲁培新、兵马俑博物馆前任党委书记段志长、兵马俑景区导游任小红。

　　只对政要元首一家人破例

　　外交部前礼宾司代司长鲁培新在接受《法制晚报》记者采访时表示，不仅是兵马俑，比如故宫某些殿都是不能随便进入的，但是如果外国政要们有提出要求想要参观，那么会为其破例。但是从文物保护的角度，最多也只能对政要元首一家人破例，其他随行人员是不能进入的。

　　这个说法得到秦始皇兵马俑博物馆前任党委书记段志长的确认。他表示，能够进入兵马俑修复区并和兵马俑零距离面对面的接触并不是所有游客都可以，而是需要通过省文物局或者其他机构的审批才可以。兵马俑景区导游任小红介绍，按照规定，游客不允许触摸陶俑，但博物馆有为特殊人群服务的责任，对于来访的国家元首和一些重要来访的客人确实需要"特殊对待"的，博物馆也会在获得省文物局批准或者专门外事批准后，允许来访者在严格限制和管理下"享受特殊待遇"。

　　陪同人员数量严格限制

　　鲁培新介绍，通常来讲都是各国驻华使馆根据外国政要的要求，提交空余时间的行程安排，中方再衡量决定。而在景点具体参观哪里、有哪些环节则由当地景区自行决定。之所以往往都是选择故宫、长城、兵马俑进行参观，是因为远道而来的贵宾对中国最为好奇的也就是这些地方，这里最具有代表性。

　　鲁培新解释称，过去外国总统元首等访华，都有陪团团长同行参观景点，现在为了控制随行人数，例如参观兵马俑，一般来讲都是秦始皇陵博物院副院长、翻译、讲解人员、外交部个别官员等陪同。

　　任小红介绍，进入俑坑的人全程都有警卫和管理人员跟随。

　　此外，鲁培新对记者表示，当年里根访华参观兵马俑时，他就是随行团一员，当时里根确实进入到坑内参观。"不仅里根，过去基本上所有外国政要来到兵马俑，都会下去参观。"这确实也是对他们的特别待遇，鲁培新称。至于此次兵马俑之行，米歇尔是否会进入兵马俑坑参观，鲁培新表示，米歇尔从规格上和总统、元首肯定是不同的，但进坑参观可能性很大。

　　对话

　　重要访客确有“特殊对待”

　　对于不同人群如何游览秦始皇兵马俑，兵马俑景区导游任小红接受了法晚记者的采访。

　　(法制晚报以下简称FW)：游客都怎么参观兵马俑？

　　任小红：兵马俑一般分为普通游客游览区、VIP通道和文物修复区。

　　FW：这三种有什么不同？

　　任小红：普通游客游览区就是在兵马俑坑上5米左右高的地方修建的一个通道，而VIP通道比一般游客通道约低三米左右，长约六十米，这两个通道都不能触摸到兵马俑，也不是和兵马俑处于同一水平面上。而文物修复区在一号坑一侧，参观游览都能和“兵马俑”直接面对面。

　　FW：VIP通道也需要相关部门批准吗？

　　任小红：那倒不用，因为VIP通道也不会直接接触到兵马俑，只是比普通游客游览区与兵马俑的距离相对近了一些。且虽然允许拍照，但是不能够用闪光灯。

　　FW:只有一号坑才有VIP通道吗？

　　任小红：对，不过除了文物修复区可以与兵马俑面对面外，二号坑有个文物精品库，也可以和彩绘兵马俑零距离“对话”。

　　直接触摸须有警卫跟随

　　FW：在文物修复区可以直接触摸？

　　任小红：也不是直接触摸，为避免手上的汗渍、有害物质等给陶俑彩绘带来损害，博物馆会选择一号坑修复区几个没有彩绘的陶俑让游客触摸，接触者须戴手套，触摸力度要非常轻，不能有过重过多的动作。

　　FW：戴着手套就能不损害文物？

　　任小红：陶俑质地稳定，在手套的保护下轻柔触摸，不会给陶俑的品质和安全带来损害。即使被允许触摸秦俑的人是极个别的，博物馆也只有在确保安全的前提下才会“破例”。

　　FW：这大概是一个什么程序？

　　任小红：如果来访贵宾没有要求，一般也不会主动提出，如果来访贵宾有要求，则需要通过文物局的通知或者外事的批准，然后才可以进入，进入之后，有警卫和管理人员跟随。

　　兵马俑接待近200位国外元首

　　从1979年10月秦兵马俑博物馆正式开馆至今已接待近200位外国元首，他们在博物馆里留下了许多有趣的故事。

　　在游客签名册上，美国总统里根、法国总统密特朗、英国女王伊丽莎白二世、德国总理科尔、日本首相竹下登和大平正芳等许多世界著名的政治家，在参观后都留下了赞美之辞。

　　最幸运：李光耀

　　首位外国领导人

　　1976年5月14日，刚被发现两年的兵马俑迎来了第一位外国领导人———新加坡总理李光耀。李光耀观看了40分钟后才离开。他说：“这是世界的奇迹，民族的骄傲。”他表示自己非常幸运能成为首个参观的国外领导人。1985年9月17日，李光耀时隔9年第二次参观秦俑博物馆。

　　最有功：希拉克

　　世界第八大奇迹

　　1978年9月，法前总统希拉克说：“世界上有七大奇迹，秦兵马俑可以说是第八大奇迹了。不看金字塔，不算真正到过埃及；不看秦俑，不算真正到过中国。”于是，“世界第八大奇迹”的说法不胫而走。

　　最风趣：里根

　　这马会不会踢我呀

　　1984年4月29日，美国总统里根参观兵马俑，他一进一号展厅就不住赞叹：“太伟大了！”里根见兵俑千姿百态；马俑栩栩如生，似乎随时准备冲到战场上，里根忽然转过身对随行人员说：“这匹马会不会踢我呀？”美国式的幽默逗得大家哈哈大笑。

　　最专注：普京

　　鞋子为什么不相同

　　2004年10月16日，俄罗斯总统普京参观他向往已久的兵马俑，参观时间比计划延长了一倍。

　　情报人员出身的普京观察力从他问的问题就可见一斑：“兵马俑的服装和鞋子为什么各不相同？秦朝士兵是如何进行军需供给的？”

　　本版文/记者李洪鹏李文姬

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