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The author:(作者)归海一刀
published in(发表于) 2014/4/29 9:33:44
Dujiangyan found Headless Statue of Han dynasty， experts say， or for statue of Li Gongmiao

Dujiangyan?24th?found?Headless?Statue?of?Han?dynasty,?experts?said?it?had?found?5?statue

　"Three?magic?stones?person"?Tales

On?March?3,?1974,?under?the?dujiangyan?Alan,?from?4.5-metre-deep?underground?to?find?a?statue?of?a?full?statue?of?Li?Bing.?Inscription?on?the?statue?records,?3?were?carved?statue?of?the?Buddha?at?that?time;?in?1975,?also?found?a?Headless?Statue?of?a?spade?with?stone?figures?in?March?2005,?outside?the?river?of?dujiangyan?were?found?on?the?site?of?two?mysterious?headless?statues.

Li?Bing?and?"three?magic?stones?person"?legend?surfaced?again,?for?a?time,?the?suspense?drama?...?...?It?is?understood?that?the?disastrous?flooding?of?the?Chengdu?plain?when?the?warring?States?and?the?Qin?and?Mayor?Bing?Shu?to?mobilize?people?to?build?historic---dujiangyan?water?conservancy?project,?flooding?was?eventually?subsided.?Subsequently,?Li?Bing?sent?people?in?the?minjiang?River?cliffs?three?monumental?carved?stone?men.

The?huayang?guozhi?·?Shu-Chi?contains:?bing?"Pak?Sha-mail?in?a?teen?idol?for?three?rock?human,?Sanshui?in?the?State,?with?the?River?God,?water?dried?up?not?to?foot,?put?no,?there′s?no?shoulder.?"Swirled"?three?magic?stones?person?"has?disappeared,?but?Li?Bing?and"?three?magic?stones?person?"legend?handed?down.

24th?at?10?o′clock?in?the?morning,?$literal?guys?here?digging?in?the?river?outside?Gate?of?dujiangyan?hundred?metres?away?when?the?backfill?and?meets?a?"hard?man".?After?shoveling?4?times?only?to?shovel?it?into?the?loader?bucket.

The?robe,?the?clothing?line?is?clear?"hard?guy",?was?determined?to?be?a?statue?of?the?statue?without?a?head.?Experts?had?initially?found?that?it?came?from?the?Eastern?Han?dynasty,?more?than?1800?years?finally?to?light.

Whether?it?is?the?"three?magic?stones?person"??Its?coming?out,?means?"three?magic?stones?person"?now?back?together?again??It?got?the?crowd?excited?and?anxious.

Xinhua?learned?from?heritage?experts,?at?present?5?statue?have?been?unearthed.?Statue?of?was?"three?magic?stones"??Jury?is?still?out.

　　Discover

Headless?Statue?of?Han?dynasty?heaven

Two?weeks?ago,?$literal?guys?here?just?birthday?soon?came?to?dujiangyan?side?River?of?loader.?Recently,?the?river?outside?Gate?in?the?downstream?of?the?River,?was?bustling.

Last?year′s?flood,?and?digeng?injured.?Taking?advantage?of?the?dry?season,?dujiangyan?authority?(hereinafter?authority)?being?wasted?no?time?in?reinforcement?and?repair?of?digeng.?Authority?Head?Office?officials?said?Huang?Yong?River,?dredging?and?consolidation?is?needed.

Yesterday?at?about?10?o′clock?in?the?morning,?here?opening?in?early?April,?by?the?loader?dig?up?from?the?holes?on?the?river?outside?Gate?6?stone?backfill.?Suddenly,?he?meets?a?"hard?man".?"It′s?hard,?very?hard?to?shovel.?"Huang?Yong?to?head?out?of?the?car?window,?saw?a?big?stone?in?the?front,"?couldn′t?pull?it?out?once,?twice,?and?couldn′t?pull?it?out?twice,?many?times.?"After?four?attempts,?he?managed?to?get?the?big?rock?shovel?into?the?bucket,?and?then?fired?a?few?metres?away?at?the?right?side,?it?is?stacked?on?the?side.

Huang?Yong?drive?loader?bucket,?can?hold?four?or?five?tons?of?stone.?When?he?shoveled?the?"hard?man",?it?is?difficult?to?carry?anything?else.?According?to?his?estimates,?"hard?guy"?at?least?two?or?three?tons.?Half?an?hour?later,?workers?found?Peng?Zhongxiang,?the?"hard?guy"?a?bit?familiar,?lines,?patterns?on?skirts?and,?he?noticed?a?slight?shock,?"this?guy?like?headless?statues?in?Fulong??"Peng?Zhongxiang?shouted,"?that′s?not?stone,?is?an?ancient?stone?statue!?”

　　Hide

Buried?in?the?river?outside?switch?sixth?hole

Overhaul?late?last?year?when?the?dujiangyan,?some?stone?circles?and?stone?was?unearthed.?And?every?year?the?age?of?dujiangyan,?most?will?have?unexpectedly?found,?and?this?one?is?also?full?of?expectations.?Yesterday,?there?was?surprise.?"To?be?honest,?we?really?didn′t?expect?to?have?such?a?big?discovery.?"The?Authority?head?office?head,?headless?statue?was?the?water?rehabilitation?project?the?biggest?surprise.

In?the?River,?reporters?have?found?stone′s?first?scene-hundred?metres?away?the?7th?hole?of?river?outside?Gate.?According?to?Peng?Zhongxiang?introduction,?it?found?statues?of?real?is?not?the?first?scene.?On?April?6,?the?workers?dug?up?outside?the?river?end?of?the?dike,?projects?require?excavation?depth?of?about?5?meters,?to?transport?stone?to?the?side?again?after?pouring?concrete.?21st,?after?the?end?of?the?project,?began?preparing?for?backfill?was?dug?out?of?the?rock.?"The?statue?is?being?backfilled?stone?dug?in.?"As?a?result,?Peng?Zhongxiang?believes?that?statues?unearthed?in?the?real?location?in?outer?River?Gates?hundreds?of?metres?away?at?the?6th?hole?and?buried?depth?of?at?least?5?metres.

　Surveying

Height?2.1?m?shoulder?width?66?cm

Dragon?measuring?dujiangyan?cultural?relics?Bureau?staff,?this?is?a?statue?of?2.1?meters?high,?shoulder?width?66?cm,?sleeves?and?base?are?80?cm?wide.

Statue?without?a?head,?official?uniforms,?left?cardigans,?belts,?clothing?line?is?clear.?Dujiangyan?City?Bureau?of?cultural?relics,?former?Deputy?Secretary?Bian?Zaibin?said,?this?dress?is?called?dark?clothing?in?ancient?times,?is?a?kind?of?official?uniforms.?Therefore,?this?is?a?statue?may?be?a?temple?dedicated?to?the?gods.

Judging?from?the?clothing?featured?him,?this?is?a?statue?from?the?Han?dynasty.?5?a?statue?is?a?statue?of?the?Eastern?Han?dynasty,?but?whether?they?were?over?the?same?period,?still?needs?to?be?further?research?and?study,?Executive?analysis?of?Xu?Jun,?Deputy?Director?of?dujiangyan?City?Bureau?of?cultural?relics,?from?the?point?of?view?of?statues?preserved,?this?statue?may?be?buried?face?down?in?the?river?for?thousands?of?years.

Whether?this?is?a?statue?is?one?of?the?three?holy?stone?people??Xu?Jun?said?that?in?recent?years?has?unearthed?a?total?of?5?statue,?who?are?the?three?holy?stone?people??Has?yet?to?be?further?verified.?Forest,?a?famous?cultural?relics,?said?appears?to?have?been?at?least?5?statue?can?be?divided?into?two?groups.

　Place

5?Museum?of?the?statue?will?be?placed

At?this?point,?dujiangyan?has?5?statues,?including?the?ice?statues?unearthed?in?the?Eastern?Han?dynasty?stone?statues.?These?precious?babies?go?from?here?

Introduce?Xu?Jun,?Li?Bing,?the?Fulong?stone?statues?and?Weir?and?the?other?two?a?statue?from?our?cultural?heritage?warehouses,?they?will?bring?up?the?"Babe"?bed,?bath,?and?for?further?study?by?experts.

Xu?Jun?said?dujiangyan?City?Museum?will?open?this?year,?when?5?statue?will?all?be?invited?into?the?Museum.

　　View

Folklorists?Jiang?Yongzhi:?stone?statues?or?Li?Gongmiao

The?unearthed?statue?of?Li?Bing,?statues?is?Weir,?also?found?the?Headless?Statue?of?was?yesterday,?is?likely?to?come?from?the?same?place--commemorate?Li?Bing,?Li?Gong?di?Temple?in?ancient?times.

Last?night,?just?got?back?from?the?ABA?meeting?in?dujiangyan,?folklore?researcher?and?a?former?Deputy?Director?of?the?research?center?of?history?and?culture?of?dujiangyan?Jiang?Yongzhi?accepted?interviews?to?reporters.

"Dujiangyan?5?statue?found?most?of?them?are?from?the?same?region,?unearthed?the?location?are?within?close?proximity,?there?is?an?important?message.?"Jiang?Yongzhi?from?stone?statues?unearthed?in?location?analysis,?regardless?of?the?unearthed?statue?of?Li?Bing,?statues?is?Weir,?also?found?the?Headless?Statue?of?was?yesterday,?is?likely?to?come?from?the?same?place--commemorate?Li?Bing,?Li?Gong?di?Temple?in?ancient?times.

Jiang?Yongzhi?said,?fish?head?in?ancient?times?is?not?the?present?position,?but?upstream?of?the?fish′s?mouth?now,?and?remember?the?bing?and?Li?Gong?di?Temple?is?located?on?the?river?outside?of?neijiang?cash?dike?between?around.?He?speculated?that?since?1974,?excavations,?including?Bing,?5?a?statue,?all?came?from?Li?Gong?di?Temple.?"Maybe?suffered?a?large?flood,?washed?out?Li?Gong?di?Temple,?stone?statues?at?the?temple?include?Li?Bing,?was?washed?into?the?river.?”

　Li?Bing?with?head?thanks?to?big

Why?stone?head?with?Bing??Other?statues?are?beheaded?

Jiang?Yongzhi?further?explains?that?compared?to?other?statues,?Li?bing?was?a?real?character,?but?people?respected?and?loved,?so?its?a?big,?bigger?and?gain?weight?more.?These?factors?under?the?overlay,?even?if?it?were?washed?into?the?minjiang?River,?or?because?is?too?big?and?other?reasons,?kept?close?to?the?fallen,?not?easy?to?be?swept?to?a?more?distant.?In?a?relatively?stable?environment,?to?keep?it?afloat.

Other?statues,?smaller,?lighter?weight,?easy?was?washed?away.?During?the?scouring?process,?collided?with?other?hard?things?were?more?likely,?and?his?neck?the?smallest,?most?vulnerable,?has?greatly?increased?the?possibility?of?severing?the?head.

　Impossible?is?a?product?of?sacrifice

Prior?to?this,?experts?say,?the?statue?of?the?head?may?be?the?product?of?sacrifice.?On?this?point,?Jiang?Yongzhi?be?flatly?rejected.

"God?never?would?have?statues?of?the?sacred?river?as?offerings.?"Jiang?Yongzhi?said,?history?records,?ancient?jade?wall?in?the?river?offering?river?inputs,?this?is?called"?珪?Choi?sank?pen?"is?no?way?someone?like?immersed?in?water,?much?less?into?the?water?without?a?head?portrait?of?sacrifice.

Iron?ox?iron?turtle?fish?upstream

In?addition?to?stone,?apart?from?dujiangyan?also?holds?numerous?secrets?and?treasure?at?the?bottom.?Among?them,?the?iron?ox?is?a?major?concern?and?iron?turtle.?Information?about?the?water?management?experts?in?the?Yuan?dynasty?with?60,000?pounds?of?cast?iron?two?iron?ox?as?a?separate?head,?tail,?fish,?also?used?in?the?Ming?dynasty?more?than?10,000?pounds?of?iron?cast?iron?turtle?as?fish?mouth.?Later.?Iron?ox?and?iron?turtle?were?washed?away?by?the?River,?where?iron?ox?and?iron?turtle?

Last?night,?Jiang?Yongzhi?gives?a?perspective:?iron?ox?is?not?in?the?fish′s?mouth?and?iron?turtle?downstream?and?upstream.?According?to?him,?very?heavy?iron?ox?and?iron?turtle,?in?accordance?with?the?law?of?heavy?activity?in?the?water,?the?more?bad?things?can?move?up?rather?than?further?down.?Therefore,?in?his?view,?these?artifacts?cannot?be?in?the?downstream,?but?in?the?upper?reaches?of?the?fish′s?mouth.?Links

Dujiangyan′s?first?stone?one?measuring?water

Qin?Zhaoxiang?King?for?56?years?(251?BC),?Qin?Shu?Mayor?Bing?creates?dujiangyan,?the?minjiang?river?water?into?the?Chengdu?Plain.?Earlier?dominated?by?shipping,?combination?of?irrigation?efficiency,?gradually?evolved?into?the?irrigation?water.

No?later?than?when?the?Wei?and?Jin?dynasties,?has?had?water,?spillway,?water?diversion?and?ancestor?of?the?three?major?engineering?facility.?In?addition?to?engineering?facilities,?Bing?still?in?Pak?Sha-mail?(upper?reaches?of?the?Canal?head?at?about?l?km)?three-stone?man,?standing?in?the?water,?"and?river?gods?(conventions),?relaxation,?water?dried?up?not?to,?Sung?no,?there′s?no?shoulder"?(of?the?huayang?guozhi)?to?control?in?drainage?water?quantity.?The?stone?people?gauge?until?the?donghanjianning?year?(168)?still?in?use.?Dynasty,?"away?from?the?pile?toe,?the?old?carves?stone?for?water,?then?the?full?foot,?on?ten,?and?six?water,?relaxation,?flow?began.?”

Song?Jia?the?men?(1056)?has?been?modified?in?the?treasure?bottle?from?the?heap?on?the?cliff?on?the?right?draw?"water,"?a?total?of?ten?(a?collection?this?31.6?cm),?requiring?shilang?Weir?to?four?degrees?by?the?end?of?sluice,?six?top?prevail.?Construction?height?is?used?to?control?both?Weir?and?dredging?standards,?so?as?to?achieve?the?objective?of?control?treasure?bottle?into?the?water.

Since?Ming?and?Qing?dynasties?still?water?as?baopingkou?water?level,?just?press?the?water?level?to?control?water?volume?and?as?a?criterion?for?maintenance,?more?and?more?sophisticated,?leading?to?dujiangyan?project?two?years?is?not?bad?so?far,?use?of?hydrological?characteristics?of?minjiang?River?in?ancient?China?construction?using?a?water?level?control?of?hydraulic?engineering?and?clever?use?of?pioneering?work.

This?huaxi?City?newspaper?reporter?Xi?Qinling?photography?Hao?Fei

(Edit:?SN094)

06:29?on?April?29,?2014?Sichuan?online-huaxi?City?newspaper



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都江堰发现汉代无头石像?专家称或为李公庙雕像|无头石像|汉代石像_新闻资讯

　　都江堰24日发现汉代无头石像，专家称已发现5尊石像?

　　﹃三神石人﹄传说

　　1974年3月3日，在都江堰安澜索桥下，人们从4.5米深的地下发现一尊完整的李冰石像。石像上的铭文记载，当时共雕有3尊这样的石像；1975年，又发现了一尊无头的持锸石人像；2005年3月，都江堰外江工地上发现了两尊神秘的无头石像。

　　李冰与“三神石人”的传说重新浮出水面，一时间，悬念迭起……据了解，战国秦时成都平原水患成灾，蜀郡守李冰动员百姓修建了历史上著名的水利工程———都江堰，水患终被平息。后来，李冰派人在岷江岩壁雕刻了三个巨大石人。

　　《华阳国志·蜀志》载：李冰“于玉女房下白沙邮作三石人，立三水中，与江神要，水竭不至足，盛不没肩。”岁月如流，“三神石人”却不知所终，但李冰与“三神石人”的传说却流传下来。

　　24日上午10时许，90后小伙黄勇在都江堰外江闸百米开外挖土回填时，碰到一个“硬家伙”。铲了4次后，才将它铲入装载机挖斗中。

　　这个着官袍、服饰纹路清晰的“硬家伙”，被确定为一尊无头石像。专家们初步认定它来自东汉，历经1800多年终于重见天日。

　　它是否就是“三神石人”之一？它的现身，是否意味着“三神石人”现在又能再聚首？这让众人感到兴奋而焦虑。

　　记者从文物专家处获知，目前已出土了5尊石像。哪尊是“三神石人”？至今仍无定论。

　　发现

?

　　汉代无头石像见天

　　两周前，刚过生日不久的90后小伙黄勇来到都江堰外江开装载机。最近，外江闸下游的河道里，一片繁忙景象。

　　去年的那场洪灾，让堤埂受了伤。趁着枯水期，都江堰管理局(下简称都管局)正抓紧时间加固、修复堤埂。都管局渠首处负责人说，黄勇工作的那段河道，需要进行疏浚和整理。

　　昨日上午10时许，黄勇开着装载机将4月初从外江闸6孔处挖出来的石料进行回填。突然，他遇到了一块“硬家伙”。“很硬，非常不好铲。”黄勇将头探出车窗，看见前方有一块大石，“一次搞不定，就来两次，两次搞不定，就多来几次。”在四次努力后，他总算把大石头铲进了挖斗，然后朝右侧开了几米远，将其堆放在一边。

　　黄勇驾驶的装载机挖斗，能装四五吨的石料。当他铲了那个“硬家伙”后，就很难装下其他东西了。据他估计，“硬家伙”至少有两三吨重。半小时后，工友彭忠翔发现，那个“硬家伙”有点熟悉，那线条、衣襟和纹饰，都让他心里微微一震，“这家伙跟伏龙观里那个无头石像很像啊？”彭忠翔大喊起来，“那不是石头，是古代石像！”

　　藏身

?

　　埋于外江闸第六孔

　　去年年底大修都江堰时，出土了一些石井圈和石料。而每年岁修都江堰，大多会有意外发现，这次也同样让人们充满了期待。昨天，人们有了惊喜。“说实话，我们真没想到会有这么大的发现。”都管局渠首处相关负责人认为，无头石像是此次水利修复工程最大的惊喜。

　　在河道里，记者找到了发现石像的第一现场——外江闸百米开外的第7孔。据彭忠翔介绍，这里并非是发现石像的真正第一现场。4月6日，工人挖开了外江分水堤尾部，工程要求开挖深度约5米，把石料运到一边后重新浇筑混凝土。21日，该项工程结束后，开始准备将当时挖出来的石料进行回填。“那个石像就是在被回填的石料中挖出来的。”因此，彭忠翔认为，石像真正出土位置应该在外江闸百米开外第6孔处，而且至少埋藏深度有5米。

　　勘测

?

　　身高2.1米肩宽66厘米

　　经都江堰市文物局工作人员龙刚测量，这尊石像2.1米高，肩宽66厘米，袖口和底座均有80厘米宽。

　　石像没有头，着官服，左开襟，有腰带，服饰上纹路清晰。都江堰市文物局原副局长卞再斌说，这种衣服在古代叫作深衣，是一种官服。因此，这尊石像可能是庙宇里供奉的神像。

　　他从衣饰特色判断，这尊石像出自汉代。5尊石像都是东汉时期的石像，但它们是否是同一时期，还有待进一步考证和研究，都江堰市文物局常务副局长徐军分析，从石像保存完好的角度来看，这尊石像可能面朝下深埋于河床上千年。

　　这尊石像是否就是三神石人之一？徐军说，由于近年来共出土了5尊石像，到底谁是三神石人？还有待专家进一步考证。著名文物专家林向则表示：看来已出的5个石像起码可分两组。

　　去处

?

　　5尊石像将放博物馆

　　至此，都江堰已出土了包括李冰石像在内的5尊东汉石像。这些珍贵的宝贝将何去何从？

　　徐军介绍，伏龙观里有李冰石像和堰工石像，其余两尊石像现存于文物局仓库，他们将会把这件“宝贝”请出河床，为它洗澡，供专家进一步研究。

　　徐军透露，今年都江堰市博物馆将对外开放，届时5尊石像都将悉数被请入博物馆。

　　说法

?

　　民俗学家蒋永志：石像或是李公庙雕像

　　无论出土的李冰石像，还是堰工石像，还是昨日发现的这个无头石像，都可能来自同一个地方——古代纪念李冰的李公庙。

　　昨晚，刚从阿坝州开会回都江堰的民俗研究员、前都江堰历史文化研究中心副主任蒋永志接受了记者的采访。

　　“都江堰发现的5尊石像大部分都出自同一区域，出土位置都很接近，蕴含着一个重要信息。”蒋永志从石像出土的位置分析，无论出土的李冰石像，还是堰工石像，还是昨日发现的这个无头石像，都可能来自同一个地方——古代纪念李冰的李公庙。

　　蒋永志说，鱼嘴在古代并非现在的位置，而是在现在鱼嘴的上游，而追念李冰的李公庙位于外江与内江之间的现金刚堤附近。他推测，从1974年以来发掘出来的包括李冰在内的5尊石像，都出自李公庙。“或许遭遇了一场很大的洪灾，冲毁了李公庙，庙里的石像包括李冰石像，都被冲入江中。”

　　李冰有头像得益于个头大

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　　为何李冰石像有头？而其它石像都断了头？

　　蒋永志进一步解释，相对于其它石像，李冰是一个真实存在的人物，而且受大家尊敬与爱戴，因此，它的个头更大，体积更大，体重也更重。在这些因素叠加下，即使被洪水冲入岷江，也可能因为个子太大等原因，被保留在倒下的附近，不易被洪水冲至更远处。在相对稳定的环境里，它得以保全。

　　而其他石像，因为个头更小，体重更轻，容易被洪水冲跑。在冲刷的过程中，与其它坚硬之物发生碰撞的可能性更大，而颈部最细，最脆弱，被撞断头部的可能性也大大增加了。

　　绝不可能是祭祀的产物

　　此前，有专家认为，这些断头的石像可能是祭祀的产物。对此观点，蒋永志予以断然否决。

　　“祭祀江水之神绝不会有石像作为祭品。”蒋永志说，历史上有记载，古代祭江会投入玉壁到江河中，这就是所谓“珪璧沉濆”，不可能有人像投入江水中，更不可能把没有头的人像投入水中进行祭祀。

　　铁牛铁龟可能在鱼嘴上游

　　除石人外，都江堰底下还埋藏着无数秘密与宝贝。其中，铁牛和铁龟备受关注。据资料介绍，元代治水专家曾用6万斤铁铸成了两只头部相并、尾部分开的铁牛用作鱼嘴，明代还用1万多斤铁铸了一只铁乌龟用作鱼嘴。后来。铁牛和铁乌龟都被江水冲走，铁牛和铁龟去哪儿了？

　　昨晚，蒋永志给出了一个观点：铁牛和铁龟并不在鱼嘴下游，而在上游。据他介绍，铁牛和铁龟非常重，按照重物在水流中活动的规律，越重的东西可能往上移而不是往下游移。因此，他认为这几件宝物不可能在下游，而是在鱼嘴上游。链接

　　都江堰首创石人测水

　　秦昭襄王五十六年(公元前251年)，秦蜀郡守李冰创建都江堰，将岷江水引入成都平原。早期以航运为主，兼有灌溉的效益，后来逐步演变为以灌溉为主的水利工程。

　　至迟魏晋时，已具备分水、溢洪、引水三大主要工程设施的雏形。除工程设施外，李冰还在白沙邮(渠首上游约l公里处)作三石人，立于水中，“与江神要(约定)，水竭不至足，盛不没肩”(《华阳国志》)，以控制于渠引水量。这种石人水尺直到东汉建宁元年(公元?168?年)仍在采用。到宋代，“离堆之趾，旧镌石为水则，则盈一尺，至十而上，水及六则，流始足用。”

　　宋嘉祐中(1056年)已改在宝瓶口右侧离堆石壁上刻划“水则”共十则(一则合今31.6厘米)，要求侍郎堰底以四则为度，堰顶高以六则为准。则数既用来控制堰体修筑高度，又作为河道疏浚标准，从而达到调节控制宝瓶口进水量的目的。

　　明清以来仍以水则作为宝瓶口的水位计，只是按水位来调节控制引水量和作为维修工程的标准越来越较前精密，致使都江堰工程二干余年至今不衰，成为中国古代运用岷江水文特性兴建水利工程和巧妙地利用水位控制工程运用的创举。

   ?华西都市报记者席秦岭摄影郝飞

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