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The author:(作者)归海一刀
published in(发表于) 2014/4/29 9:34:32
Guangdong Heyuan pushed wage deposit system anti-building enterprise of arrears of wages

Heyuan,?Guangdong?enterprises?wages?70%?is?a?construction?enterprise?administration?pushed?wage?deposit?system

Southern?rural?News?(by?Hu?Xinke?Wang?Hongwang)?"wage"?–?"pay"?this?conflict?to?conflict,?almost?immediately?prior?to?the?annual?Spring?Festival?will?be?staged?at?the?construction?site.

Proper?settlement?of?labour?disputes,?and?safeguarding?the?legitimate?rights?and?interests?of?peasant?workers?are?resolving?social?contradictions,?important?elements?to?promote?social?harmony.?Starting?from?2012,?Heyuan?attempt?at?the?construction?field?implementation?of?the?"wage?margin"?system,?to?prevent?enterprises?from?its?source?defaulted?payment?of?wages,?labour?disputes?are?nipped?in?the?bud,?the?contradiction?at?the?grassroots?level.

April?22,?Heyuan?municipal?Secretary?He?Zhongyou?in?accept?South?newspaper?group?"1+X"?interview?mission?interview?Shi?introduced,?Heyuan?in?building?area?introduced?Enterprise?paid?"workers?wage?margin"?system,?turn?tries?to?in?full?industry?introduced?Government?"wages?emergency?turnaround?funds"?system,?in?settlement?labour?disputes?contradictions,?and?maintenance?masses?interests?aspects,?made?has?good?effect,?"2013?Heyuan?labour?disputes?processing?cases?total?than?2012?declined?has?33.8%".

　Past

?729?a?year,?labor?law?case

Tall?building?were?built,?all?roads?lead?to?expands,?located?in?Heyuan?city?of?yuedongshanqu?set?off?a?building?boom?in?recent?years.?In?2013,?the?Heyuan?district?alone,?there?are?more?than?300?over?the?construction?site,?more?than?150,000?workers?engaged?in?construction?work.?Human?resources?and?Social?Security?Bureau?Director?Su?Hui?in?Heyuan?"everywhere,?everywhere?construction"?to?describe?the?construction?scale?of?Heyuan?city.

In?the?urban?landscape?has?changed?dramatically?at?the?same?time,?a?headache?problem?posed?in?front?of?Heyuan?city?petition--wages?and?hire?workers?over?unpaid?wages.?2013?in?Heyuan?city,?dealt?labour?law?cases?729?cases,?involving?10,700?people,?recovery?workers?are?owed,?deduction?of?wages?(including?deposit)?55.5762?million?Yuan,?involving?disposal?of?unrest?over?unpaid?wages?gathered?petitions?event?15.

Su?Hui?introduced?2013?human?and?social?enterprise?sector?processing?arrears?cases,-68%?of?wages?in?the?construction?industry.

Chen?Jianhui,?Heyuan?city?labor?and?social?security?inspection?team?leader,?engaged?in?labor?security?supervision?work?for?more?than?20?years.?To?him,?each?Chinese?new?year?is?not?just?migrant?workers?"they"?watchdog?"on?year".?Every?year?before?the?Chinese?new?year,?labour?disputes?in?particular?the?cases?of?unpaid,?renders?the?blowout?trend.?Construction?industry?persistence?layers?of?layers?of?subcontracting?subcontracting,?funding,?and?so?on,?some?works?have?even?been?"three?guarantees",?"four",?once?the?sub-contracting?enterprises?or?contractors?funding?strand?breaks,?wage?issues?will?arise.

"Workers?hurry?to?get?paid?to?go?home?for?the?Festival,?wages?and?the?boss?hiding?was?not?found.?"Chen?Jianhui?said?that?the?Labour?Inspectorate?intervention?is?only?looking?after?the?construction?company,?contractor?for?payment?of?wages,"?that?there?is?a?lag,?and?brother?of?migrant?workers?eager?to?get?paid,?emotions?tend?to?be?more?exciting,?easy?to?make?excesses,?can?easily?cause?mass?incidents?to?occur.?"Su?Hui?admitted?that?the?Labour?Inspectorate?in?terms?of?helping?migrant?workers?over?unpaid?wages,?the?responsibility,?means?to?stumble.?Inspectorate?to?intervene?only?in?accordance?with?established?procedures,?and?coordinates?with?other?departments,?has?recovered?the?person?responsible,?takes?a?long?time?to?be?timely?and?effectively?safeguard?the?interests?of?migrant?workers.

The?current?situation

??before?the?Spring?Festival?this?year,?only?two?complaints

How?to?strengthen?the?Labour?Inspectorate?supervision,?safeguarding?workers?′?legitimate?rights?and?interests,?resolve?the?basic?contradictions,?rapid?and?healthy?development?of?construction?industry?in?Heyuan?city,?Heyuan?city,?is?to?crack?the?puzzle.

In?August?2012,?the?construction?of?Heyuan?city?workers?′?salaries?to?pay?margin?provisional?rules?on?the?management?(hereinafter?referred?to?as?the?rules)?into?effect.?Communist?Party?Chief?He?Zhongyou?believes?that?"guarantee"?system?of?significance?on?prevention,?paid?for?by?margin?settlement?sector?wage?arrears?problem,?and?urge?enterprises?to?wages?on?time?and?according?to?the?law,?and?the?establishment?of?credit?evaluation?system?of?enterprises?credit.

Under?the?rules,?where?in?Heyuan?city,?engaged?in?housing?construction,?municipal,?irrigation?works,?roads?and?bridges,?and?decoration?and?fitment?engineering?of?new?construction,?expansion?or?renovation?of?enterprises,?following?works?shall?send?to?the?person?designated?by?the?social?welfare?department?store?bank?account?deposits,?pay?for?emergency?workers?are?owed,?the?Special?Fund?for?wage?deductions.?Margin?standard?by?5%?percentage?of?the?total?project?cost,?proportionally?calculated?a?margin?of?less?than?100,000?dollars,?according?to?pay?100,000?yuan;?proportionately?more?than?3?million?Yuan,?according?to?payment?of?3?million?Yuan.?Project?completion?acceptance,?enterprise?applications?for?refund?of?wage?margin,?human?and?social?sectors?within?the?prescribed?period?the?return?of?bond?and?bank?interest.

Payment?should?be?a?prerequisite?for?enterprises?to?obtain?construction?approval,?enterprises?want?to?project,?must?pay?a?security?deposit.?Once?the?wage?situation,?the?enterprise?refused?to?pay?wages,?human?social?sector?can?start?in?time?deposits,?wages?for?migrant?workers.

Chen?Jianhui?introduction?in?2014?before?the?Spring?Festival,?group?complaints?received?only?2?cases?of?labour?disputes?in?the?field?of?architecture,?"we?didn′t?get?a?chance?to?start?margin?companies?pay?wages?on?time."?22?by?China?Metallurgical?Group?Corporation?construction?of?Heyuan?city?commercial?center?project?was?one?of?the?complaints.?22,?China?Metallurgical?Group?Corporation,?Guangdong?Branch?Deputy?General?Manager,?project?manager,?described?Liu?Guijun,?Heyuan,?in?2012,?the?company?stationed?in?construction?projects,?and?construction?workers?have?been?paid?wages?deposit?of?3?million?Yuan.?There?are?now?more?than?1100?workers?site?employees,?part?of?the?project?consists?of?three?service?firms.

"Pay?monthly?on?the?progress?of?work?by?the?company?80%,?which?is?the?norm.?Subcontractors?paid?in?full?monthly?wages?of?the?workers,?craftsmen?and?general?workers?280?Yuan?per?person?per?day,?handyman?200?Yuan?a?day,?and?videos?and?archived?if?workers?receive?wages.?"Liu?Guijun,?payroll?company?has?been?strictly?in?accordance?with?the?procedure?in?full,?the?reason?why?workers?′?complaints,?is?affected?by?subcontracting?instigated?contractor,?worker?wages?and?engineering,?confusion,?foreman?took?the?opportunity?to?obtain?balance?of?the?project.

Heyuan?labor?supervision?team?Vice?Captain?maiweidong?said,?did?exist?in?the?construction?industry?wage,?project?contractors?deliberately?confuse?the?request?for?monies.?But?if?companies?do?not?tackle?the?salary?issue,?the?relevant?departments?will?continue?to?enable?the?company?to?pay?the?salary?margin.

Liu?Guijun?describes,?as?a?large?State-owned?enterprises,?while?doubts?about?the?content?of?the?complaint,?but?if?enterprise?security?is?enabled,?the?"company?is?ruining?reputations,?loss?of?face,?and?lost?money."?So?the?company?immediately?to?resolve?the?dispute,?payment?related?costs,?"is?not?willing?to?even?do?sacrifice?enabled?margin."?Su?Hui?introduced?wage?deposit?system?has?worked?well,?because?deposits?and?construction?of?enterprise?credit?evaluation?system,?supervision,?close?contact,?such?as?bank?credit,?"once?the?enterprise?wages?are?confirmed,?enabled?bonds,?corporate?credit?rating?decreases?until?it?is?blacklisted,?and?within?three?years?will?not?be?able?to?bank?loans,?not?signs?tender,?very?serious?consequences."?There?are?currently?61?of?Heyuan?city?new?construction?projects?are?paid?wages?deposit.

　The?future

??given?to?other?industries?to?promote?this?system

2014?1?March,?Heyuan?city,?the?Labour?Inspectorate?has?handled?cases?of?labour?law,?63?897?workers?recover?is?owed?or?salary?deduction?20.166?million?dollars.?Chen?Jianhui?biggest?feelings?that?the?inspection?to?help?workers?recover?wages?with?wages?in?enterprises,?"battle",?the?is?no?longer?just?a?well-meaning?advice,?they?have?a?powerful?means?of?constraint.

Other?labour-intensive?industries?labour?disputes?also?cannot?be?ignored,?described?Chen?Jianhui,?dressmaking,?catering?and?service?labour?disputes?still?more.?These?four?categories?of?industry,?"many?orders?the?enterprise,?order?a?lot?of?hiring,?once?without?orders,?levels?of?remuneration?will?be?difficult?to?guarantee".?Ronghua?printing?and?packaging?company?limited?is?a?large?high-tech?zone,?Heyuan?city?of?Hong?Kong-owned?enterprises?2006?relocated?from?Shenzhen,?Heyuan,?there?are?now?more?than?800?corporate?employees,?including?migrant?workers?and?more?than?600?people.?In?recent?years,?the?detachment?of?the?labour?inspection?in?routine?inspections?and?special?inspections?of?Heyuan?city,?found?us?printing?and?packaging?co?late?overtime,?payroll,?and?so?on.

On?April?23,?the?company?General?Manager?Chen?Jinfa?told?reporters?that?the?company?attached?great?importance?to?the?staff?welfare?issues,?employee?before?signing?the?contract,?detailed?benefits,?"promises?benefits?must?be?fulfilled,?otherwise?easily?lead?to?employee?rights?group?event".?He?admits:?"peak?around?September?each?year?are?orders,?overtime?situations?do?occur.?Company?through?increased?welfare?benefits,?to?build?recreational?facilities,?overtime?supper,?and?other?ways?to?improve?the?production?and?living?environment?for?employees.?"Overtime?adhere?to?the?voluntary?principles,?after?signing?the?application?for?voluntary?overtime?in?order?to?go?to?the?shop?by?employees?working?overtime.?At?the?same?time,?since?periods?of?payment?into?account?delay,?corporate?salary?deferred?situation?does?exist,?"normally?does?not?exceed?one?week."

Maiweidong?introduction?in?accordance?with?the?relevant?provisions,?the?employer?due?to?production?needs,?after?consultation?with?the?trade?unions?and?workers?to?work?longer?hours,?generally?shall?not?exceed?one?hour?per?day;?for?special?reasons?need?to?work?longer?hours,?in?order?to?protect?workers?′?health?under?conditions?of?extended?working?hours?shall?not?exceed?three?hours?per?day.?"At?present?for?such?breaches?is?mainly?a?notice?ordering?rectification.?"The?Labour?Inspectorate?conducted?5?special?inspections?each?year,?in?addition?to?routine?examination.

"Being?considered?in?labour-intensive?industries?such?as?clothing,?food?and?beverage,?services?promote?bonding?system.?"Su?Hui?said?that?through?the?bond?system,?conducive?to?the?prevention?of?enterprise?against?the?legitimate?rights?and?interests?of?employees,?contradictory?digestion?labor?disputes?in?the?bud.

Su?Hui?introduced,?in?order?to?better?solve?labor?disputes,?resolving?labour?conflicts,?Heyuan?city?financial?also?will?allocate?3?million?Yuan?to?establish?emergency?funds,?"this?money?is?only?used?for?emergency,?pay?wages,?or?to?resolve?temporary?difficulties?of?workers,?the?Government?will?also?provide?the?wages?of?corporate?recoveries.?"Su?Hui?said,"?emergency?working?capital?for?wages?"is?likewise?to?the?contradiction?in?the?bud?and?avoid?labour?conflicts?due?to?lack?of?timely?treatment?and?intensifying.

Party?Secretary?of?Heyuan?He?Zhongyou?exclusive?interview?with?associated?newspapers?in?the?South,?talking?about?basic?contradiction?–?implementing?Executive?Office?accountability?established?check?accountability

South:?current?source?is?in?a?period?of?rapid?development,?especially?in?the?context?of?strategy?for?revitalizing?East?Northwest,?all?aspects?of?the?construction?boom?in?Heyuan?city.?How?do?you?see?the?contradiction?of?development?

He?Zhongyou:?greater?development?will?certainly?bring?big?construction,?will?produce?some?with?contradictions?and?disputes,?this?is?normal.?How?to?solve?these?contradictions,?is?essential.?In?my?view,?greater?stability?and?greater?development,?through?the?great?development?to?promote?stability.?Heyuan,?resolve?the?contradictions?of?development?is?the?important?work?currently,?and?Guangdong?"year?of?social?contradiction,"?that?fit?the?requirements.

South:?implementation?of?"wage?deposit"?system?for?construction?companies?to?pay?a?certain?amount?of?margin?may?be?economic?pressure?on?the?enterprise,?implemented?without?resistance??Will?spread?to?other?industries?

He?Zhongyou:?bonding?system?for?enterprise?is?both?a?constraint?as?well?as?incentives.?Enterprise?is?if?the?problem?of?arrears?of?wages,?wages?by?the?Government?authorities?in?a?timely?manner?to?enable?bond?to?protect?workers?′?interests.?Construction?authorities?to?manage?the?qualification?of?enterprise′s?prestige,?and?companies?to?pay?a?deposit,?not?defaulted?payment?of?wages,?credit?is?good,?have?an?advantage?in?bidding?on.?Heyuan?development?must?not?be?based?on?the?protection?of?workers?′?rights?on?a?discounted?basis,?otherwise?difficult?to?long-term?development?in?Heyuan?city.

In?fact,?the?construction?industry?profit?is?very?thin,?so?5%,?so?companies?don′t?want?to?pay?security?deposit.?Government?main?building?industry?entry?threshold,?credit?rating,?and?other?benefits?to?persuade?companies?to?pay?a?deposit.?Now?there?is?a?commonality?in?various?industries,?that?is?much?too?small?and?too?dispersed.?Small?business?credit?value?is?low,?to?reinvent?the?costs?are?low,?we?have?to?foster?small?business?credit,?credit?value,?enterprise?value?credit,?forming?a?virtuous?circle.

South:?it?was?suggested?that?grass-roots?conflicts?between?workers?and?businesses,?such?as?labour?disputes.?You?think?of?protecting?their?interests,?resolving?labour?disputes,?which?aspects?to?note?about?Government??What?do?you?think?the?Government?should?play?a?role?

He?Zhongyou:?Government?in?resolving?conflicts?within?a?legal?framework.?Enterprises?should?abide?by?the?law,?workers?must?learn?to?use.?Government?supervision?according?to?law,?in?order?to?"grasp?the?earlier?capture?of?small"?resolving?conflicts?in?a?timely?manner,?come?back?when?you?can′t?wait?for?complications,?contradictions?resolved,?is?bound?to?increase?the?difficulties?and?costs.?In?addition,?the?Government?also?has?a?mediation?service?features.

South:?in?addition?to?labour?conflicts,?Heyuan?city?which?grass-roots?there?are?currently?conflicting??How?to?resolve?

He?Zhongyou:?first?is?agriculture-related?conflicts,?mostly?financial?issues,?such?as?village?affairs?known?to?public?and?financial?disclosure,?followed?by?grass-roots?cadres?and?corruption?issues;?the?third?is?Government?policies?deliver?on?issues.?To?resolve?these?problems,?must?adhere?to?openness,?justice?and?fairness.?For?example,?village?affairs?known?to?public,?achieving?double?exposed,?not?only?in?the?village?to?publicly,?and?you?want?to?expose?in?the?town.?Double?open,?cross-validation,?can?guarantee?the?full?and?real?public?of?the?village?corruption?issue?can?be?resolved?through?open.

There?is?also?some?contradictions,?such?as?land?acquisition?and?relocation,?relocation?compensation,?the?State?law?involved?in?a?lawsuit?and?appealing.?These?contradictions?occurred?at?the?grass-roots?solutions?should?also?be?at?the?grassroots?level.?First,?to?truly?implement?the?"first?responsibility".?Grass-roots?conflicts,?some?simply?neighborhood?disputes,?but?long?delays?do?not?resolve?the?conflict?will?escalate.?In?order?to?put?an?end?to?"tipiqiu",?implement?the?"first?responsibility",?we?have?established?"pour?out?accountability."?Not?satisfied?with?the?solution?to?the?problem?of?the?common?people,?and?then?go?into?town,?my?town?just?got?out?first?those?responsible.?"Accountability"?and?"pour?out?accountability",?forming?effective?mechanism?of?resolve?the?tension?between?the?grass-roots?level.

　　广东河源企业欠薪七成系建筑企业?政府推工资保证金制度

　　南方农村报讯?(记者?胡新科?王宏旺)?"欠薪"——"讨薪"，这一对冲突激烈的矛盾，几乎每年春节前夕都会在建设工地上演。

　　妥善解决劳资纠纷，维护农民工合法权益，是化解社会矛盾，促进社会和谐的重要内容。从2012年开始，河源市尝试在建筑领域推行"工人工资保证金"制度，从源头上预防企业拖欠工人工资，将劳资纠纷消灭在萌芽状态，将矛盾化解在基层。

　　4月22日，河源市委书记何忠友在接受南方报业集团"1+X"采访团专访时介绍，河源市在建筑领域推行企业缴纳"工人工资保证金"制度，进而尝试在全行业推行政府"欠薪应急周转资金"制度，在解决劳资纠纷矛盾、维护群众利益方面，取得了良好效果，"2013年河源市劳资纠纷处理案件总量比2012年下降了33.8%"。

　　过往

?

　　劳动违法案一年729宗

　　座座高楼拔地而起，条条道路扩展延伸，地处粤东山区的河源市近年掀起建设热潮。2013年，仅河源市区就有300余个建设工地，从事建筑劳动的工人超过15万。河源市人力资源与社会保障局局长苏晖用"遍地开花，处处施工"来形容河源市的建设规模之大。

　　在城市面貌发生巨大变化的同时，一个令人头痛的问题也摆在了河源市面前——企业欠薪和工人上访讨薪。2013年河源全市共处理劳动违法案件729宗，涉及工人1.07万人，追回劳动者被拖欠、克扣工资(含押金)5557.62万元，介入处置企业因欠薪引发的聚集上访事件15宗。

　　苏晖介绍，2013年人社部门处理的企业欠薪案件中，68%属于建筑行业欠薪。

　　陈建辉，河源市劳动保障监察支队队长，从事劳动保障监察工作20余年。他介绍，每个春节不止是农民工"年关难过"，监察部门也是"谈年色变"。因为每年春节前，劳资纠纷特别是讨薪案件，就会呈现井喷态势。建筑行业长期普遍存在工程层层分包转包、层层带资等情况，部分工程甚至被"三包"、"四包"，一旦分包企业或者包工头资金链断裂，便会出现欠薪的问题。

　　"工人急着拿工资回家过年，欠薪老板又躲起来找不到。"陈建辉说，劳动监察部门介入后也只能是四处找施工单位、包工头来发放工资，"这中间有个时间差，而农民工兄弟急于拿到工资，情绪往往比较激动，容易做出过激行为，极易导致群体性事件发生。"苏晖坦言，劳动监察部门在帮助农民工讨薪、追责方面，手段乏力。监察部门介入也只能依照既定程序，协调其他部门共同追讨责任人，耗时较长，难以及时、有效地维护农民工权益。

　　现状

?

　　今年春节前仅两起投诉

　　如何增强劳动监察部门监管力度，维护工人合法权益，化解基层矛盾，使河源建筑行业健康快速发展，是河源市要破解的难题。

　　2012年8月，《河源市建设领域工人工资支付保证金管理暂行办法》(以下简称《办法》)正式实施。市委书记何忠友认为，"保证金"制度意义重在预防，通过保证金的缴纳解决建筑领域拖欠工资问题，督促企业依法依规按时发放工资，同时设立行业诚信评价体系引导企业守信。

　　根据《办法》规定，凡在河源市境内从事房屋建筑、市政、水利、道路桥梁及装饰装修的工程新建、扩建或改建的企业，承接工程时须向人社部门指定的银行账户存储保证金，用于应急支付工人被拖欠、克扣工资的专项资金。保证金标准按工程总造价的5%比例计算，按比例计算保证金不足10万元的，企业按10万元缴纳；按比例计算超过300万元的，企业按300万元缴纳。在工程完工验收、企业提出退还工资保证金的申请后，人社部门在规定期限内将保证金和银行利息返还。

　　缴纳保证金成为企业获得报建审批的前提条件，企业要想获得项目，必须缴纳保证金。一旦欠薪情况出现，企业拒绝支付工资，人社部门就可以及时启动保证金，给农民工发放工资。

　　陈建辉介绍，2014年春节前，监察大队只收到2宗建筑领域的劳资纠纷投诉，"我们还没来得及启动保证金，企业就及时支付了工资"。由中国二十二冶集团有限公司承建的河源市商业中心工程项目是被投诉的项目之一。中国二十二冶集团有限公司广东分公司副总经理、项目经理刘桂军介绍，公司于2012年进驻河源承建项目，并缴纳了建筑领域工人工资保证金300万元。目前工地共有工人1100余人，其中部分工程由三个劳务公司承包。

　　"公司每月按工程进度的80%支付工程款，这是行规。分包单位每月要足额发放工人工资，技工、普工每人每天280元，杂工每天200元，并在工人领取工资时录像并存档。"刘桂军表示，公司一直严格按照程序全额发放工资，之所以有工人投诉，是受分包包工头唆使，将工人工资与工程款混淆，包工头借机索取工程余款。

　　河源市劳动监察大队副支队长麦伟东表示，在建筑行业确实存在包工头故意把工资和工程款混为一谈，进而索取工程款的现象。但如果企业不能妥善解决工资问题，有关部门仍将启用该公司缴纳的工资保证金。

　　刘桂军介绍，作为一家大型国有企业，当时虽然对投诉的内容存疑，但是一旦企业保证金被启用，"公司是毁了名誉，丢了面子，又亏了钱"。所以该公司立即解决纠纷，支付相关费用，"哪怕吃点亏也不愿意启用保证金"。苏晖介绍，工资保证金制度之所以效果良好，是因为保证金和企业信用评价体系、建设监管、银行信贷等紧密联系，"一旦企业欠薪被查实，启用了保证金，企业信用等级会降低，直至被列入黑名单，将无法向银行贷款、三年内无法在本市招投标，后果很严重"。目前河源市61个新报建项目均已缴存工人工资保证金。

　　未来

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　　考虑向其他行业推广此制度

　　2014年1-3月，河源市劳动监察部门共处理劳动违法案件63件，为897名劳动者追回被拖欠或克扣工资待遇2016.6万元。陈建辉现在最大的感受是，监察部门在帮助工人追讨工资，与欠薪企业"斗法"时，不再只是苦口婆心地规劝，他们有了强而有力的约束手段。

　　其它劳动密集型行业劳资纠纷问题同样不容忽视，陈建辉介绍，制衣、餐饮和服务业的劳资纠纷也较多。这四类行业中，"不少都是订单企业，有了订单就大量招人，一旦没了订单，员工的待遇就难以保证"。荣华印刷包装有限公司是河源市高新区一家规模较大的港资独资企业，2006年从深圳迁至河源，目前企业共有800余人，其中农民工600余人。近年来，河源市劳动监察支队在日常巡查和专项检查中，发现荣华印刷包装有限公司存在超时加班、工资发放不及时等情况。

　　4月23日，该公司总经理陈锦发告诉记者，公司非常重视员工的福利待遇问题，员工入职签订合同前，会详细说明福利待遇，"承诺的福利一定要兑现，不然极易引发员工维权的群体性事件"。他坦承："每年9月前后是订单高峰期，确实会出现超时加班的情况。公司会通过提高福利待遇、修建娱乐设施、提供加班宵夜等方式改善员工生产生活环境。"员工加班坚持自愿原则，由员工签署自愿加班申请书后才能去车间加班。同时，因为个别时期货款到账拖延，企业确实存在工资延期发放的情况，"一般不会超过一周"。

　　麦伟东介绍，根据相关规定，用人单位由于生产经营需要，与工会和劳动者协商后可以延长工作时间，一般每日不得超过一小时；因特殊原因需要延长工作时间的，在保障劳动者身体健康的条件下延长工作时间每日不得超过三小时。"目前对这类违规行为处理主要是发通知书责令整改。"劳动监察部门每年要进行5次专项检查，另外还有常规检查。

　　"现正考虑在制衣、餐饮、服务等劳动密集型行业推广保证金制度。"苏晖说，通过推行保证金制度，有利于预防企业侵害员工合法权益，把劳资纠纷矛盾消解在萌芽状态。

　　苏晖介绍，为了更好地解决劳资纠纷，化解劳资矛盾，河源市财政还将拿出300万元建立应急专项资金，"这部分资金只是用于应急，垫付工人工资，或解决劳动者的临时困难，政府还是会向欠薪企业追回款项的。"苏晖说，"欠薪应急周转金"同样是为了将矛盾化解在萌芽状态，避免劳资矛盾因得不到及时处理而激化。

　　河源市委书记何忠友接受南方报业联合专访，畅谈基层矛盾化解——落实首办责任制?建立倒查责任制

　　南农：当前河源处于快速发展时期，特别是在粤东西北振兴战略大背景下，河源各方面建设蓬勃发展。您如何看待由发展带来的矛盾？

　　何忠友：大发展一定会带来大建设，随之也会产生一些矛盾和纠纷，这是正常的。如何化解这些矛盾，至关重要。我认为，有大稳定才有大发展，通过大发展才能促进大稳定。化解发展带来的矛盾是河源当前的重要工作，也与广东"社会矛盾化解年"的要求相契合。

　　南农：实施"工资保证金"制度，让施工企业缴纳一定数额的保证金，可能会对企业造成经济压力，实施有无阻力？会不会推广到其他行业？

　　何忠友：保证金制度对企业既是约束也是激励。企业如果出现拖欠薪资的问题，就由政府主管部门及时启用保证金来发放工资，保护工人利益。建设主管部门对企业的信誉资质进行管理，企业缴纳了保证金，不拖欠工人工资，信用良好，在招投标时就占有优势。河源的发展绝不能建立在劳动者权益保护打折的基础上，否则河源很难长远发展下去。

　　实际上，建筑行业的利润很薄，大概5%，所以企业不愿意缴纳保证金。政府主要利用建立行业准入门槛、信用等级等好处来说服企业缴纳保证金。现在各行业有一个共性，即企业太小太分散。小企业信用价值低，另起炉灶成本也低，我们要培养小企业的信用，让信用值钱，让企业珍惜信用，形成良性循环。

　　南农：有人认为，劳资纠纷等基层矛盾是工人和企业之间的事。您觉得在维护群众利益，化解劳资矛盾时，政府有哪些方面值得注意？您觉得政府在其中应当扮演什么角色？

　　何忠友：政府应该在法律框架内化解矛盾。企业要守法，劳动者要学会用法。政府要依法监督，要做到"抓早抓小"，及时化解矛盾，不能等问题复杂化、矛盾激化时再来解决，那样势必增加困难和成本。另外，政府还有调解、服务的功能。

　　南农：除了劳资矛盾，河源市当前还存在哪些基层矛盾？如何化解？

　　何忠友：首先是涉农矛盾，主要是资金问题，如村务公开、财务公开等；其次是基层干部贪腐等问题；第三是惠农政策的兑现问题。要解决这些问题，必须坚持公开、公正、公平。例如村务公开，要实现双重公开，不仅要在村里公开，还要在镇里公开。双重公开，交叉验证，才能保证完全、真正的公开，村干部的贪腐问题也能通过公开获得解决。

　　另外还存在一些矛盾，如征地拆迁、拆迁补偿、涉法涉诉上访等。这些矛盾发生在基层，解决也应该在基层。首先要落实"首办责任制"。基层矛盾，有些仅仅是邻里纠纷，但是长期拖延不解决，矛盾会激化。为了杜绝"踢皮球"，落实好"首办责任制"，我们建立了"倒查责任制"。老百姓对问题的解决不满意，再到镇里去，镇里就倒查首办责任人。"首办责任制"和"倒查责任制"，形成解决基层矛盾的长效机制。

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