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The author:(作者)归海一刀published in(发表于) 2014/5/5 7:43:08 Compose a new chapter of China-Africa cooperation
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50 years ago, Zhou Enlai visited ten countries in Africa, and put forward five principles handling its relations with African countries, foreign economic and technical assistance to the eight principles, the majority of African countries eager to embrace and support Africa forged a brotherly friendship. 50 years later, the area and depth of China-Africa cooperation are constantly expanding, cooperation between the two sides makes the world attention. Strengthening China-Africa all-round economic and trade cooperation and cultural exchanges to promote China-Africa cooperation, "upgrade" will continue to benefit the people of China and Africa, and create a new situation of Sino-African friendship and cooperation.
Expanding economic and trade cooperation insisted on mutually beneficial win-win
China has a broad market, under the China-Africa cooperation forum mechanism to safeguard the good momentum of development of bilateral trade, and has great potential. From 2009 onwards, for 5 consecutive years, China became Africa's largest trading partner, in 2013, China-Africa trade volume reached US $ 210.2 billion, an increase of 5.9%. Chinese exports to non-US $ 92.8 billion, imports from non-US $ 117.4 billion, up 8.8% and 3.8%, respectively. At the beginning of the China-Africa cooperation forum in 2000, Sino-African trade volume exceeded 10 billion u.s. dollars.
Synchronize with the growth of trade was gradually optimize the trade structure. Trade between China and Africa are complementary, and great potential importance to China's economic development. Since China conducted more than 4,000 kinds of commodities "duty-free and quota-free," "double-free", African exports to China have jumped sharply, changed the situation of nontraded imbalance. Judging from the trade structure, instead of doing the "African exports of oil and other mineral resources, China's exports of textiles, clothing and cheap machines" significant improvement. China to export more electronic communication products, high-end machinery and equipment, motor vehicles and other high-tech and high value-added products, in 2012, the share of mechanical and electrical products in China export commodities has exceeded 45%. In Chinese investment in Africa, technical assistance, improving the added value of its exports, change of exports at present "a single resource-oriented", optimizing its economic structure. At the same time, to further enhance the quality of export commodities to Africa, from December 2010 to March 2011, the Chinese authorities began a campaign to export fake and non-violation of intellectual property action for special projects, transmission and non-industrial product pre-shipment inspections and other measures, China's export commodity quality has improved significantly. "Made in China" in Africa is increasingly becoming a real "more for less" pronoun to improve African people's standard of living, contribute to improving local economic and social development.
In terms of investment, poor infrastructure, lack of construction funds have been major development bottleneck facing African countries. The Chinese Government encourages and supports enterprises to expand investment, improve the level of China-Africa cooperation. There are currently more than more than more than 2,500 Chinese enterprises to invest in Africa, non-FDI stock reached US $ 25 billion. China's investment is not limited to the resources sector, but was actively involved in the African country's roads, power and water infrastructure construction, manufacturing, agro-industry, financial services and other areas. China's investment mechanism continues to improve, by the end of 2012, China with 32 African countries have signed bilateral investment promotion and protection agreement, with 45 States to establish economic and trade Joint Committee mechanism. "The China-Africa Development Fund", "special loans for SMEs development in Africa" project to help the local economy and social development. At the same time, African countries ' investment in China is also on a growing trend.
At the same time, Africa is China's second largest overseas project contracting market, China's enterprises to actively go into Africa, train your staff, enriching experiences, broadens the market for the benefit of the local community. In the project area, Central Africa to explore "the Angolan model" for Chinese enterprises to enter Africa has played "escort" function. A high-rise building, a section of the Chinese built highways, adding hope for Africa's economic boom.
Close cultural exchanges consolidate the Foundation of friendship
"Turn of the country lies on a blind date." The development of Sino-African friendly relations and cooperation is inseparable from Sino-African exchanges and mutual understanding of the people. Strengthened Central African Humanities Exchange, widened Central African in education, and culture, and news, and youth, and medical health, and sports, area of exchange cooperation, let also has old civilization and brilliant culture of Central African both achieved "civilization total mirror", learned more full and accurate to understands each other, expression themselves, to better to built prison Central African cooperation of friendship based, makes both of friendly cooperation to generation heritage.
At present, China-Africa cultural exchanges are working on deals to expand. In the field of education, at the end of last year, African countries in the total number of international students in China some 33,000 people, 2013 respectively in the number studying in China increased 23.31%. The next 3 years, China will provide 18,000 scholarships for African students places to benefit more African students. China-Africa cooperation in 31 African countries have set up Confucius institutes and 10 classrooms, 37, there are thousands of African students learning Chinese and calligraphy, martial arts, Chinese traditional culture such as history, connecting China and Africa "goodwill ambassadors".
In the area of health, China 43 in 42 African countries aid medical team, team member nearly thousand. China dispatched to Africa has been held out for 50 years, a total of 18,900 sent medical personnel to Africa, made important contributions to safeguard the life and health of the people of Africa, their noble medical ethics and superb medical skill won recognition of the African people to enhance the feelings of the Chinese and African peoples. Next 3 years China will send 1500 doctors to Africa to carry out cataract surgery "bright line" and other activities. African pharmaceutical product availability, encouraging China's pharmaceutical enterprises to strengthen pragmatic cooperation with African enterprises.
In culture spread area, aimed at promoting Central African culture exchange of "China culture focused" project has from 2008 began continuous held 5 session, traveled African more than 30 multiple national, content including concert, and paintings exhibition, and film, variety forms, deeply African friends of favorite; increasingly more of China media settled in African, more of African media to China Exchange access, promotion has both news spread area of Exchange and mutual understands, China and African of image to more full objective stereo to show.
In the area of scholarly communication, the "China-Africa joint research and Exchange program" promotion of scholarly communication mechanisms, such as, for both sides, involved non-scholars to strengthen China-Africa relations, China-related research platform to provide institutionalized, systematic, and provides strong intellectual support for the development of Sino-African relations.
(Edit: SN091) 13:31 May 05, 2014 Economic daily ( 共同谱写中非合作新篇章|中非合作_新闻资讯
视频：李克强与埃塞俄比亚总理会谈共同会见记者
50年前，周恩来总理访问非洲十国，提出处理同非洲国家关系五项原则、对外经济技术援助八项原则，得到广大非洲国家的热切拥护和支持，中非从此结下兄弟般深厚友谊。50年后，中非合作的领域和深度都在不断扩展，双方合作成果令世界瞩目。加强中非全方位经贸合作与人文交流，促进中非合作“转型升级”，将继续造福中国和非洲人民，开创中非友好合作的新局面。
拓宽经贸合作 坚持互利双赢
中非贸易拥有广阔的市场，中非合作论坛机制保障下的双边贸易发展势头良好，潜力巨大。从2009年起，中国连续5年成为非洲第一大贸易伙伴国，2013年中非贸易额达到2102亿美元，同比增长5.9%。其中中国对非出口928亿美元，自非进口1174亿美元，同比分别增长8.8%和3.8%。而在中非合作论坛开始之初的2000年，中非贸易额才刚刚突破100亿美元。
与贸易增长同步的是贸易结构的逐步优化。中非贸易互补性强、潜力巨大，对中非双方的经济发展具有重要意义。自中国对非洲4000余种商品进行“免关税、免配额”的“双免优惠”以来，非洲对华出口大幅跃升，改变了中非贸易不平衡的局面。从贸易结构来看，以往那种“非洲出口石油和其它矿产资源，中国出口纺织品、服装和低价机器”的局面大为改观。目前中国对非出口更多的是电子通信产品、高端机械设备、机动车辆等高技术含量、高附加值产品，如2012年，机电产品占中国对非洲出口商品的比重就已超过45%。非洲国家在中国的投资、技术帮助下，提高其出口产品的附加值，改变目前出口存在的“单一资源导向”，优化自身经济结构。同时，为进一步提升对非洲出口商品的质量，从2010年12月到2011年3月，中方开展了打击对非出口假冒伪劣和侵犯知识产权商品专项治理行动，采取输非工业品装运前检验等多项措施，中国对非出口商品质量得以明显提高。“中国制造”在非洲日益成为真正“物美价廉”的代名词，为改善非洲人民生活水平、提升当地经济社会发展贡献力量。
在投资方面，基础设施薄弱、建设资金匮乏一直是非洲国家面临的主要发展瓶颈。中国政府鼓励、支持企业扩大对非投资，提升中非合作水平。目前有超过2500多家中国企业投资非洲，在非直接投资存量达到250亿美元。中国投资并不局限于资源行业，而是积极投身于非洲国家的道路、电力、水利基础设施建设、制造业、农产品加工业、金融服务业等诸多领域。中国对非投资机制不断完善，截至2012年底，中国已与32个非洲国家签署双边投资保护协定，与45个国家建立经贸联委会机制。“中非发展基金”、“非洲中小企业发展专项贷款”等项目助力当地经济社会发展。同时，非洲国家对华投资也呈不断增长之势。
同时，非洲也是中国海外第二大承包工程市场，中国企业积极走进非洲，锻炼了队伍，丰富了经验，拓宽了市场，造福了当地社会民生。在工程项目领域，中非共同探索出的“安哥拉模式”为中国企业进军非洲起到了“保驾护航”的作用。一栋栋中国援建的大厦、一条条中国修建的高速公路，为非洲经济腾飞增添希望。
密切人文交流 夯实友谊基础
“国之交在于民相亲”。中非友好合作关系的发展，离不开中非人民的相互交流与理解。加强中非人文交流，拓宽中非在教育、文化、新闻、青年、医疗卫生、体育等领域的交流合作，让同样拥有古老文明和灿烂文化的中非双方实现“文明共鉴”，学会更全面和准确地理解对方，表达自己，才能更好地筑牢中非合作的友谊基础，使双方的友好合作得以世代传承。
目前，中非人文交流正在紧锣密鼓地展开。在教育领域，截至去年年底，非洲国家在华留学生总数约3.3万人，2013年来华留学人数同比分别增长23.31%。未来3年，中国还会为非洲提供1.8万个奖学金留学生名额，造福更多非洲学子。中非双方合作在31个非洲国家设立了37所孔子学院和10间孔子课堂，有数千名非洲学生在此学习中文和书法、武术、历史等中国传统文化，成为连通中国与非洲的“友好使者”。
在卫生领域，目前中国在非洲42国派有43支援外医疗队，队员近千名。中国向非洲派遣医疗队已坚持了50年，累计向非洲派出1.89万人次医疗人员，为保障非洲人民的生命健康作出了重要贡献，他们的高尚医德和精湛医术赢得了非洲人民的认同，增进了中国和非洲人民的感情。未来3年中国将向非洲派遣1500名医疗队员，开展白内障手术“光明行”等活动。提高非洲医药产品可及性，鼓励中国医药企业与非洲企业加强务实合作。
在文化传播领域，旨在推动中非文化交流的“中国文化聚焦”项目已从2008年开始连续举办5届，走遍非洲30多个国家，内容包括音乐会、书画展、电影周等多种形式，深受非洲朋友的喜爱；越来越多的中国媒体落户非洲，更多的非洲媒体来中国交流访问，促进了双方新闻传播领域的交流和相互理解，中国和非洲的形象得以更加全面客观立体地展现。
在学术交流领域，“中非联合研究交流计划”等学术交流机制的成果推广，为双方学者加强中非关系、涉非、涉华研究提供了机制化、系统化的平台，为中非关系发展提供了强有力的智力支撑。
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