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The author:(作者)归海一刀published in(发表于) 2014/5/9 7:45:13 National strategy for the Yangtze River economic belt， and economic support
Li keqiang, the layout of Yangtze River economic zone
After becoming a national strategy for the Yangtze River economic belt, China's economic development will form a t-shaped structure: along the Hai Zhu River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei to form supporting China's economic development pattern, and now the Yangtze River economic belt runs through three regions of Eastern, Central and Western China, to bring into China's economic support
Correspondent/Cai Rupeng
After following the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei economic zone, a national regional strategies recently surfaced. At the end of April, Premier Li keqiang visited the Yangtze River Golden waterway, and presided over a symposium in Chongqing to study the construction of Yangtze River economic zone, providing important support for China's sustained economic development.
Li keqiang said at the Forum noted that, relying on the brand new economic zone of Yangtze Golden waterway, has unique advantages and huge potential, to effectively expand domestic demand and promote stable economic growth, adjusting the regional structure, the Chinese economy, upgrading is important.
Public believes that the pattern of China's regional economic development and continuing opening up a new situation, the construction of Yangtze River economic zone can speed up this process, provided new impetus for China's economic development, develop new space.
Act as economic engines
"The need to find a new engine of China's economic development, construction of the Yangtze River economic belt conforms to this need. "Hubei Provincial Academy of Social Sciences Institute of economy in the Yangtze basin Peng Zhimin, Director of the China News weekly reporter said.
At present, China is in the throes speed shift period, structural adjustment, stimulus cycle overlay in three phases in the early stages, face greater downward pressure on economic growth. Peng Zhimin believes that construction of Yangtze River economic zone suggest that States, at the same time improving the quality of coastal development, attention to inland development.
Xu shaoshi said at a meeting of the national development and Reform Commission Director pointed out that to maintain long-term stable growth of Chinese economy, it is imperative to grow to support the transformation and upgrading of the Yangtze River economic belt.
As China's first and the world's third largest river, the Yangtze, back in the mid 80 's was identified as one of the axis of the development of the national economy. Peng Zhimin said that there were two economic development axis, a coastal, one is the Yangtze River. "For 30 years, the Yangtze River and coastal development gradually lifted the gap. ”
"Took so long to restart construction of the Yangtze River economic belt has both internal and external reasons. "Peng Zhimin believes that" the three deltas along the coast has been developed to a high degree, growth rates will come down, and international markets are not very good, from the situation at home and abroad, will inevitably shift inland, transfer is a good way along the Yangtze River area. ”
"The capacity of environmental resources in developed area has reached a critical point in the development of, and environmental capacity along the Yangtze River is still relatively large, there is a very strong transport function, cargo traffic in the Yangtze River has many years of leading the world's major rivers, dense webs of the channel for the communication of the hinterland of the central city and inland transport network natural and ecological corridors. "Peng Zhimin said.
Symposium in Chongqing, Li pointed out, started first, follow the River along the coast to the hinterland in depth gradient development, is an important law of the history of the world economy, is also a common experience in many developed countries in the modernization process. Yangtze River traverses the East East and West, connecting East Coast and the vast outback, relying on the Golden channel to create a new economic zone, has unique advantages and huge potential.
Public opinion generally believes that, after becoming a national strategy for the Yangtze River economic belt, China's economic development will form a t-shaped structure: along the Hai Zhu River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei to form supporting China's economic development pattern, and now the Yangtze River economic belt runs through three regions of Eastern, Central and Western China, to bring into China's economic support.
Building the Golden waterway
Three cities on the Yangtze River economic belt: Changjiang Delta urban agglomeration and urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, Cheng-Yu urban agglomerations. Director of Institute of State development and Reform Commission and the national development and regional economic xiaojincheng China News weekly reporter said that to develop the Yangtze River economic belt, it must rely on the three major cities, big three shipping center in Shanghai, Wuhan and Chongqing, open at both ends and promote Shanghai and Yunnan.
Li keqiang said at the Symposium, the Yangtze River Delta region is one of the most important pole of economic growth in our country, the Midwest has the maximum room for manoeuvre for economic development. Construction Yangtze River economic with, is to building coastal and Midwest mutual support, and benign interactive of new chess, through opening and implementation a major engineering, let long triangle, and Yangtze River Middle urban agglomerations and into Yu economic zone three a "plate" of industry and based facilities connection up, and elements mobile up, and market unified up, promotion industry ordered transfer convergence, and optimization upgrade and new town agglomeration development, formed directly led over one-fifth homeland, and about 600 million people of powerful development new power.
"The Yangtze River economic belt and the biggest difference between other economic regions are natural connections with Eastern, Central and Western China. "Peng Zhimin believes that starting construction is based on the construction of the Yangtze Golden waterway of Yangtze River economic zone as a breakthrough, including waterway, the river steps of the construction of canalization and shipping standardization.
On April 27, Li keqiang in wanzhou, Chongqing Hong Kong a harbour cruise to see the Yangtze Golden waterway, with the heads of relevant departments to discuss the Golden waterway of Yangtze River development plans, he said, Yangtze River Golden waterway is the most powerful interface between East, middle and West and navigation channels to use the Golden waterway of Yangtze River economic zone "Pearl necklace".
Li noted that freight traffic among the first global River of the Yangtze River, but there is a lot of potential. To pay more attention to play water transport competitive advantages of low cost, low energy consumption, strengthening of dredging and governance, improve navigation standard, promoting the standardization of ship types, enhanced transport capacity of the Yangtze River.
According to the 2013 Yangtze River freight volume reached 1.92 billion tons, the Yangtze River increased to 4,296 productive berths, one million-ton berths to 459.
Xu Fengxian, a researcher at Chinese Academy of social sciences Economics Institute said in an interview with the China News weekly reporter, 24 port cities along the Yangtze River, just play the leading role in Yangtze River Delta, in favour of industry, capital and technology transfer to the Midwest, promote the rise of central China and the development of the Western region, thus building the East, middle, West interactive development of new patterns of economic growth.
Currently many of the industries are being transferred to the central region in the eastern part, such as Anhui along Changjiang River economic zone is being developed. Chengdu-Chongqing area is now vigorously developing new industries such as electronic information, also got through to the European rail line.
Pattern of China's regional economic development and continuing opening up a new situation, Xu Fengxian believed that construction of Yangtze River economic zone can speed up this process, provided new impetus for China's economic development, develop new space.
Break down administrative barriers
Xiaojincheng told the China News weekly reporter, administrative barriers was one of the major obstacles facing the construction of the Yangtze River economic belt. News since last September, had led in the preparation of the national development and Reform Commission to promote transformation and upgrading of the Yangtze River economic belt guidance.
"Changjiang economic zone planning in place, both the national development and Reform Commission and the State will need to seek the views of provinces and cities in the economic belt. "Xu Fengxian said. At present, the planning involved in 11 provinces on both sides of the Yangtze River, including Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan and Guizhou.
According to Xu Fengxian introduction, the main reason may be the individual provinces in the Central Western does not accept this view. "Why not accept it? Because of various provinces and cities along the River are all within a range established economic cooperation zone and the City Circle; their enthusiasm for greater integration of economic development is not high. "He said.
But in Mr LI's regional economic game, undoubtedly occupies a very special place in the Yangtze River economic belt.
It is reported that the State Council, Central Bank, Ministry, Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of communications, land Department, Housing Department, environmental protection Department, Ministry of water resources, General Administration and other ministries of "first executives" were present at the Symposium in Chongqing. More than a full Ministry under the State Council officials up to 13 people, almost half the plenary meeting of the State Council.
Local leaders, apart from the Chongqing Party Secretary and Mayor, a Yangtze River economic belt in the 11 provinces and 10 other provinces (municipalities) long are all represented. Specifications of high magnitude, are very rare.
During the meeting, Li stressed that construction of Yangtze River economic zone is also the deepening of reform and opening up, break down administrative barriers, establish a unified, open, competitive and orderly modern market system in basin-wide important initiatives. We should establish and improve mechanisms for interaction between regional cooperation and perfect big clearance system in Yangtze River basin, better for optimal allocation of elements in the market to play a decisive role.
Said Xu Fengxian, last century 80 's lack of access to coastal areas in the Yangtze River economic belt's development achievement is due to the port lacked facilities along the River, very small radius of the port.
"Free trade zone, Shanghai now leading, port, airport, highway and railway along Yangtze River by consummating the ancillary, almost all the ports are supported by industrial parks and bonded zones, have the conditions for the success of the Yangtze River economic belt. "He said," but the assumption is the need to break down administrative barriers. ”★
李克强布局长江经济带
长江经济带成为国家战略后，中国经济发展将形成T形结构：沿海珠三角、长三角、京津冀形成中国经济发展支撑格局，而现在长江经济带贯穿东、中、西部三大地带，将打造成中国经济新支撑带
本刊记者/蔡如鹏
继京津冀经济圈之后，又一项国家区域战略日前浮出水面。4月末，国务院总理李克强对长江黄金水道进行了考察，并在重庆主持召开座谈会，研究建设长江经济带，为中国经济持续发展提供重要支撑。
李克强在座谈会上指出，依托长江黄金水道打造新的经济带，有独特的优势和巨大的潜力，对于有效扩大内需、促进经济稳定增长、调整区域结构、实现中国经济升级具有重要意义。
舆论认为，中国区域经济发展和对外开放格局都正在形成新的局面，长江经济带的建设可以加速这一进程，为中国经济发展提供新动力，拓展新空间。
充当经济引擎
“中国经济的发展需要寻找新的引擎，建设长江经济带正好顺应了这一需要。”湖北省社科院长江流域经济研究所所长彭智敏对《中国新闻周刊》记者说。
当前，中国正处于发展速度换挡期、结构调整阵痛期、前期刺激政策消化期三期叠加阶段，经济增长面临较大的下行压力。彭智敏认为，建设长江经济带表明国家在提升东部沿海发展质量的同时，重视做好内陆开发开放。
国家发改委主任徐绍史曾在一次会议上指出，中国经济要保持长期稳定增长，当务之急是要壮大能够支撑转型升级的长江经济带。
作为中国第一、世界第三大河流的长江，早在上世纪80年代中期就被确定为国家经济发展的轴线之一。彭智敏说，当时有两条经济发展轴，一条是沿海，一条是长江。“但30年来，长江与沿海发展渐渐拉开了差距。”
“过了这么长时间重启长江经济带建设有内外部的原因。”彭智敏认为，“沿海三个三角洲已经发展到了比较高的程度，增长速度肯定会降下来，而且国际市场也不是很景气，从国内外形势来讲，必然要向内地转移，转移比较好的途径就是长江沿江地区。”
“发达地区环境资源的容量已经到了发展的临界点了，而长江沿线环境容量还比较大，有非常强大的运输功能，长江的货物运输量已经领先世界各大河流多少年了，密如蛛网的航道对于沟通干流中心城市与内陆腹地有天然的运输网络和生态廊道。”彭智敏认为。
在重庆座谈会上，李克强指出，从沿海起步先行、溯内河向纵深腹地梯度发展，是世界经济史上一个重要规律，也是许多发达国家在现代化进程中的共同经历。长江横贯东中西，连接东部沿海和广袤的内陆，依托黄金水道打造新的经济带，有独特的优势和巨大的潜力。
舆论普遍认为，长江经济带成为国家战略后，中国经济发展将形成T形结构：沿海珠三角、长三角、京津冀形成中国经济发展支撑格局，而现在长江经济带贯穿东、中、西部三大地带，将打造成中国经济新支撑带。
建设黄金水道
长江经济带上有三大城市群：长三角城市群、长江中游城市群、成渝城市群。国家发改委国土开发与地区经济研究所所长肖金成对《中国新闻周刊》记者说，要发展长江经济带，就必须依托这三大城市群，做大上海、武汉和重庆三大航运中心，并促进上海、云南两头开放。
李克强在座谈会上说，长三角地区是我国经济增长的重要一极，中西部具有经济发展最大的回旋余地。建设长江经济带，就是要构建沿海与中西部相互支撑、良性互动的新棋局，通过改革开放和实施一批重大工程，让长三角、长江中游城市群和成渝经济区三个“板块”的产业和基础设施连接起来、要素流动起来、市场统一起来，促进产业有序转移衔接、优化升级和新型城镇集聚发展，形成直接带动超过五分之一国土、约6亿人的强大发展新动力。
“长江经济带和别的经济区域最大的不同是把东、中、西部天然连接在一起。”彭智敏认为，这次启动长江经济带建设就是以长江黄金水道建设作为突破口，建设的内容包括航道整治、河流梯级渠化和船型的标准化等。
4月27日，李克强在重庆万州港乘船考察长江黄金水道，与有关部门负责人共商长江黄金水道发展大计时说，长江黄金水道是贯通东中西部、通航能力最强的航道，要用黄金水道串起长江经济带“珍珠链”。
李克强指出，长江货运量已位居全球内河第一，但还有很大潜力。要更加注重发挥水运成本低、能耗少的竞争优势，加强航道疏浚治理，提高通航标准，推广标准化船型，增强长江运能。
数据显示，2013年长江干线货运量高达19.2亿吨，长江干线生产性泊位增至4296个，其中万吨级以上泊位459个。
中国社会科学院经济研究所研究员徐逢贤在接受《中国新闻周刊》记者采访时说，长江沿岸有24个港口城市，只要长三角发挥好龙头作用，就有利于产业、资本、技术向中西部转移，推进中部崛起和西部大开发，从而构建东、中、西联动发展的经济增长新格局。
目前东部地区的很多产业正在向中部地区转移，比如安徽正在发展的皖江经济带。而成渝地区现在大力发展电子信息等新产业，还打通了开往欧洲的铁路线。
中国区域经济发展和对外开放格局都在形成新的局面，徐逢贤认为，长江经济带的建设可以加速这一进程，为中国经济发展提供新动力，拓展新空间。
打破行政壁垒
肖金成告诉《中国新闻周刊》记者，行政区划壁垒是长江经济带建设面临的一大障碍。有消息称，自去年9月起，国家发改委就已牵头在编制《推动长江经济带转型升级指导意见》。
“而长江经济带规划出台，无论是发改委还是国家，都需要征求经济带各省市的意见。”徐逢贤说。目前，这一规划涉及长江两岸的11个省市，包括上海、江苏、浙江、安徽、江西、湖北、湖南、四川、重庆、云南和贵州。
据徐逢贤介绍，目前主要原因可能是中部西部的个别省份不太接受这个意见。“为什么不接受？因为沿江各个省市都在一定区域范围内建立了经济合作区和城市圈；他们对更大范围一体化的经济发展积极性不高。”他说。
但在李克强的区域经济棋局中，长江经济带无疑占有极为特殊的地位。
据悉，国务院办公厅、央行、工信部、商务部、交通部、国土部、住建部、环保部、水利部、海关总署等部委的“一把手”都出席了重庆的座谈会。国务院正部级以上官员达13人，几乎相当于半个国务院全体会议。
地方领导方面，除重庆市委书记、市长外，长江经济带11个省市中另外10个的省(市)长也全部到会。规格之高，规模之大，十分罕见。
李克强在会上强调，建设长江经济带也是深化改革开放、打破行政区划壁垒、建设统一开放和竞争有序全流域现代市场体系的重要举措。要建立健全区域间互动合作机制，完善长江流域大通关体制，更好发挥市场对要素优化配置的决定性作用。
徐逢贤说，上世纪80年代长江经济带无法取得像东部沿海地区的发展成就，是由于当时沿江港口缺乏设施配套，港口辐射半径很小。
“如今有上海自贸区作龙头，长江沿线港口有空港、高速路和铁路的完善配套，几乎所有港口都有工业园区和保税区做支撑，长江经济带已具备成功的条件。”他说，“不过，前提是必须打破行政区划的壁垒。”★
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