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The author:(作者)归海一刀published in(发表于) 2014/5/27 9:14:23 Chuandaofang baomei died， called “the last Empress of the Qing dynasty“
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Video: talk to Jin Moyu chuandaofang
She was born in 1918 in Port Arthur, 17th Prince was devoted to uncovering a daughter. Chuandaofang name Aixinjueluo · Yu, has a "Mata·Hali of the East," said.
Jin Moyu (1918-), female, originally known as Aixinjueluo · Hin Chi, Manchu, born September 14, 1918, city of Lushun in Liaoning province. "The last Empress" Jin Moyu is one of eight Prince of Qing Suh good Prince Qi's youngest daughter, sister of chuandaofang at the age of parents at the age of 4, raised by half the three sisters. Jin Moyu is a famous modern paintings and calligraphy, seal carving artist, art educator Ma Wanli's third wife.
Extension news: last gegejinmo Chinese jade
Xinhuanet reports November 2010: Although 89 years old, but Jin Moyu habits like avant-garde art young: sleep until six or seven o'clock in the morning, two up at three o'clock in the afternoon. "Tennis, basketball, golf competitions are played during the night. "She smiles and says, an open mind is like a child.
At that moment, it's hard to believe that with such smiling old man, behind the rough life: she was a niece of the last emperor Puyi, chuandaofang child's sister, is also a Sichuan restaurant boss, beat up on a sweater to maintain a livelihood parents; she crossed the ocean, enjoy the blessing, also went to jail, or too bitter to eat. And when it was over, she can still say: "emotions the words, that mourning with that anger of yours, should be put to my own mind, but Hei, you can share it with a lot of people come. ”
Suh Prince 17 Princess
Jin Moyu father Aixinjueluo · Shin HO, one of the eight hereditary Prince of the Qing dynasty Prince tenth Suh. Su Prince Princess a Princess, four side, a total of 38 children, including 21 children, 17, a daughter. Side of the four youngest Princess, and gave birth to 3 daughters: the biggest, Chinese surname, named Jin Bi Hui, and later, she had a Japan first name: chuandaofang. The youngest was born in Lushun Jin Moyu, Manchu names are Aixinjueluo · qi.
Jin Moyu catch the Tang Palace's peak era. Beijing then there is a saying: "the Prince Gong's Mansion House, and walls of the Palace, Suh Palace silver bucket. "In 1918, when Jin Moyu was born, his father had been in exile in Northeast China 6 years. While exiled, but the Royal family's life and habits for a long period of time does not change the rules a lot: "no emperor and Empress, ancestral tablets, and other festivals, be sure to visit; kin relatives still there, Sies, lost its etiquette, became a big joke. "Talking about evacuation scenes now, Jin Moyu funny:" ' there ', ' there ', you ' tied ' to whom? That word pronounced 'zhe'. ”
Girls rule more. At the dinner, Jin Moyu and sisters can't clip distance – even that unsightly things usually consist of nurse job, nanny handed them a small dish, recipe Favorites in there. "This, of course, do not have enough to eat, but they cannot reveal--to hold on to the home, from nanny to give kaixiaozao. ”
Palace with all of the rules, Jin Moyu unconditionally abide by down the brother and sister, but being brothers and sisters called "Shorty" Jin Moyu wanted more privileges. Royal rule, every Princess had a nanny and a "mother". Chuckling, going out, always need a nanny or "MOM" look. Jin Moyu school nurse followed her. She simply felt uncomfortable, insist not, sisters called her "children of the revolution".
Just turned 19 years old, Jin Moyu his intentions for the future, she hopes to become a journalist who interviews around, or singers. Royal elders who are frightened by the idea of her: a Royal Princess, how to get out front do career women? But this 17 Princess shows how a father's stubbornness. In 1937, the outbreak of World War II, Jin Moyu was interrupted in Japan back in Beijing. She finally told her family members to find a job: "in a Japanese company as an adviser, the pay is good, but not sitting. "Coddled since childhood and she doesn't know how to work on time," one day I went to the company and saw people down a flight of stairs. I think everyone is going to have the inoculation was often called inoculation. I greeted them: you are shot to go? They all smile: Miss Kim, it's 5 o'clock in the afternoon, we get off work. ”
At that time, used to pay her wages haven't come down, by her advances. Company on relatives and friends to buy things, hanging on her account; female colleagues off duty, she invites them to eat Western food. To the end of the month with a roster, she instead of money owed to the company. At that time, she had no idea that one day, to beat up her sweater to sustain a family of 9 livelihoods; and one day she will receive 19.5 Yuan a month, eating a bowl of noodles, quickly set down in her heart.
Charge became a required course for every day
In 1949, Jin Moyu saw the people's Liberation Army into the city. In town that day, rented East courtyard outside, she leaned against the convoys of soldiers wearing leggings, body panels come straight off the street in the past, and felt very happy. She wanted to, after the street can't blatantly Showgirls, wine smoke day GI. She in good faith to be a street activist, remember, when everyone is carrying a glass bottle and bamboo clip, go to the toilet, turn bricks, dug under bricks and pupa.
Brother had already left the city of Beijing, but she did not go along. She thinks "men too spoil." Father sent sons abroad, they read is the best military academies abroad. Jin Moyu, most of them in the military academies, Grandpa learned a temper, several brothers and smoke opium.
Prince of Tang's industry in the hands of these brothers fall down, 44 East real estate, Lushun and Dalian real estate 1.1 points of premises were sold. They sell things entrusted to Kawashima Naniwa chuandaofang foster, the Japanese pocketed half of the property. In 1949 brothers went to Hong Kong, leaving Jin Moyu assets 100 bucks. The 100 bucks to feed 9 mouths: big brother 4 children, brother, two children, and big brother's old Nanny and Babysitter's daughter, while she is not married, has no social experience and no experience of life.
In order to survive, Jin Moyu began to sell items at home: piano, carpet, sofa, leather coat, the record player ... ... Because don't know anything about the market, a lot of leather her dress could not be sold for the price. Old 17 Princess also knitting sweaters for sale, knit 1 3 days, but is not yet a family grocery money. She has since opened a laundry corner, nice use of SOAP a month, has more money than it earns to buy SOAP. Charge into the daily curriculum hutongkou general store old woman saw her Chase to ask: "what about you? ”
This day all the way through to 1952, Jin Moyu started a restaurant. "Brother that year to Japan, 6 children and I sent it back to an allowance, as appropriate, I opened restaurant in my own yard, resulting in no one home. "Later Jin Moyu to open restaurant in Sichuan," Beijing there were 400,004 people, fires up all of a sudden this Sichuan restaurant. Although it didn't make a lot of money, but at least food and clothing is no longer worried about. " Two years later, the hotel was mixed, she became a staff member of the Central compilation and Translation Bureau, 60 dollars a month salary. Jin Moyu back home, driving experience hummed little tune.
Twice the right choices in life
In 1954, the Jin Moyu married 36 years old. "Wedding day dress was borrowed, invitations is her husband Ma Wanli himself in flowing ink strokes. "Jin Moyu says," on that day, watching the red wedding invitations, I suddenly feel, so give yourself away! "In the past, she might have just like sisters, married a young Mongolia Prince. Mongolianand marriage they are important tools, but Jin Moyu from an early age and they are not the same. When we were in Beijing, she rejected the tiqin family, they shouted: "I, who do not mind! "A wedding like this, or perhaps care more, it was her own choice.
Husband Ma Wanli was then China's prestigious flower and bird painting, he had married twice, his first wife died giving birth; a second wife because of emotional discord and divorce him. When it encounters a Jin Moyu, Ma Wanli lived in his daughter's House, her daughter's House is small, don't even have a place to sleep, not to mention the painting, he was disheartened, bent on committing suicide. Jin Moyu appearance caused him to paint the place, also have a home. But I had no idea, the storm came so quickly.
In February 1958, still have 5 days before that year's Spring Festival, Jin Moyu suddenly were taken away from their homes, began her 15 years of jail time. Only crime was her heritage: "the Prince of Tang's daughter, sister of agent chuandaofang, at that time, it was enough to make me deadly. "In order not to compromise her husband, Jin Moyu in prison applied for a divorce, she decides to spend the long terms of imprisonment. In 1973, the convicted persons came to Tianjin Jin Moyu Chadian farm, a farm worker.
Chadian farm in Tianjin, Jin Moyu higher than her large spade, laboriously digging of frozen soil under the Apple tree, palms bled, but she said nothing. "I know that I and others do not, and others people's internal contradictions, and I am a feudal aristocracy, Miss traitor's sister. ”
At this point, a man speak the northern dialect of Shanghai, came into Jin Moyu life. His will homemade little shovel, a Japanese version of the peoples of China, gave the Palms bleeding Jin Moyu. Jin Moyu soon agreed to marry him, because she hoped to farm in a room of his own House, her dislike of the women prisoners, "who was a dancer in every morning to drink a few glasses of wine, others don't understand, muttered curses; it was dyed red with red paper mouth and a yo-yo. ”
"You can't regret no brothers and I go together? There would be no later. "Zhu Jin Moyu.
Jin Moyu says she did the right thing in this life there are two, one is not to go to Hong Kong, was in prison did not set up any bad. "Japan school days, my family told me, noble when you don't laugh if nobody else, it is a virtue. Noble man, must one day in the year bimensiguo, think of doing what people like. You think is right, just do it, don't worry what other people think. ”
Just a time in my life people
In 1976, during a visit back to Shanghai with her husband, Jin Moyu fell ill. X-rays showed that broke her spine has 9 sections, medical records written on "Hyperostosis, osteomyelitis of the spine, lumbar muscle strain". To throw her on the farm bingtui, fell to 19.2 Yuan monthly wage, "even the tobacco money are not enough", let alone sending money to her mother-in-law. Smoking is habit of Jin Moyu in jail, "pain was overpowered, or too tired to hold, I'll smoke, can suck a bag a day later. ”
The first time, Jin Moyu thought of asking. In accordance with her temper, she was to die rather than ask. In prison, lumbar pain can't afford to put it in the blanket on the ground, with my foot moved; no comb, toothbrush brush head 1.1 points in the past; clothes are broken have not replaced, rag sewing small flower on it; no matter what the situation, looks sure to trim.
Nanny vans have Suh's mansion to serve pulled her crying: "Princess, you have this from the sky to the ground! "Jin Moyu laughs:" it's not not fall to his death! "There was one in the United States's great-niece, request the great-aunt lived to his own home, but she will not go. "I don't want to trouble them. "But in 1979, she wrote the first filled letter, delivery was Deng Xiaoping.
In the letter, Jin Moyu not seeking vindication, but instead a job, she remembers the letter: "I am already able to do manual labor, but also doing mental work, please give me a job. "Letter back to quickly. Farewell to Beijing, 40 years later, Jin Moyu finally become one of the most common in the streets of Beijing citizens.
After a dozen years, she was rewarded.
Jin Moyu always wanted to start a school. In early 1992, Jin Moyu and her husband will take out all the savings in your home, buy desks, textbooks and other school supplies were provided "love children Japanese class". "Love" metaphor "aixin", suggesting that she is a member of Aixinjueluo family, and showed her students Japanese language ability in later life and devotes himself to love.
In order to "classes" into schools, from 1993 onwards, Jin Moyu in Japan between Beijing and run around for a few years, involving students, friends, relatives and all around speech, finally raised the school-running funds. In May 1996, the training school is located in Langfang city, Hebei zone love Japanese formally. Authorities confirmed that the school was then China's most complete facilities of private Japanese language school.
The late 90 's, it is on the basis of this school, built in Langfang Oriental University City. In later years, she finally in Langfang, a fully earned their own money to buy the House. All the neighbors knew it was a great lady.
However, Jin Moyu didn't find his life so special. "Sometimes to think of it, my life, doing what? "She sighed, looked at the hands of the photo. The photograph, aged 14, she was wearing a white dress, like the boys smiled mischievously. "In those days, I can be naughty. "She said, lips formed an exactly the same as when a smile.
资料视频：金默玉谈川岛芳子
显琦于1918年出生于旅顺，是清朝肃亲王的第17个女儿。川岛芳子本名爱新觉罗·显玗，有着“东方的玛塔·哈丽”之称。
金默玉(1918-)，女，原名爱新觉罗·显琦，满族，1918年9月14日生于辽宁省旅顺市。“末代格格”金默玉是清末八大亲王之一的肃亲王善耆最小的女儿，川岛芳子的妹妹，年仅4岁时父母双亡，由同父异母的三位姐姐抚养长大。金默玉是现代著名书画篆刻艺术家、美术教育家马万里的第三任妻子。
新闻延伸：中国最后一位格格金默玉
据新华网2010年11月报道：虽然已经89岁了，但金默玉的生活习惯却像前卫的艺术青年：凌晨六七点钟才睡，下午两三点钟起床。“网球、篮球、高尔夫球的竞赛都是夜里头演呀。”她笑咪咪地说，开朗得犹如孩童。
那一刻，你很难相信，有着这样笑容的老人，身后竟有如此坎坷的人生：她曾是末代皇帝溥仪的侄女、川岛芳子的亲妹妹，也曾是川菜馆的老板娘、靠打毛衣维持一家生计的家长；她留过洋、享过福，也坐过牢、吃过苦。而当这一切过去，她仍然可以说出：“喜怒哀乐这四个字，你那个哀跟那个怒啊，都应该搁到自己心里，但是喜和乐，可以跟很多人来分享。”
肃亲王家的十七格格
金默玉的父亲是爱新觉罗·善耆，清朝八大世袭亲王之一的第十世肃亲王。肃亲王有一个正妃、四个侧妃，一共生有38个子女，其中21个儿子、17个女儿。年龄最小的四侧妃，生了3个女儿：最大的叫显，汉化姓名叫金璧辉，后来，她有了一个日本名字：川岛芳子。而最小的就是在旅顺出生的金默玉，满族姓名为爱新觉罗·显琦。
金默玉没有赶上肃王府的鼎盛年代。那时候北京有一句话：“恭王府的房子，豫王府的墙，肃王府的银子用斗量。”1918年金默玉出生的时候，父亲已经在东北流亡6年了。虽然是流亡，但王室的生活与作派在很长一段时间里并没有改变，规矩多多：“没有了皇上和太后，祖宗的牌位还在，逢年过节，一定要拜祭；同族的亲戚也还在，请安的时候，失了礼节，就成了大笑话。”说起现在的清宫戏，金默玉觉得可笑：“动不动就‘喳’、‘喳’，你‘扎’谁呢？那字儿念‘zhe’。”
女孩子的规矩更多。在宴会上，金默玉和姐姐们甚至不会去夹远处的菜——那种不雅观的事情通常由奶妈代劳，奶妈们会递给她们一个小盘子，一样菜夹一点在里面。“这当然会吃不饱，但是不能流露出来——要坚持到回家去，由奶妈再给开小灶。”
对于王府里的各种规矩，金默玉的哥哥姐姐都无条件地遵守下来，但被哥哥姐姐们称做“小不点”的金默玉却想要更多的特权。王府的规矩，每个格格都有一个奶妈和一个“看妈妈”。格格出门，总需要奶妈或者“看妈妈”看着。金默玉去上学，奶妈也跟着她去。她硬是觉得别扭，坚持不要，姐姐们因此叫她“革命儿”。
刚满19岁，金默玉就对未来有了自己的打算，她希望能成为一名四处采访的女记者，或者歌唱演员。王府里的长辈们被她的想法吓坏了：一个王府格格，怎么能出去抛头露面做职业妇女呢？但这个十七格格显示出了和父亲一样的固执。1937年，第二次世界大战爆发，金默玉被迫中断了在日本的学业回到北京。她终于瞒着家人找到一个职位：“在一家日本人开的公司当顾问，薪水很高，又不用坐班。”从小娇宠的她也不懂得上班要准时，“有一天我到公司去，看见大家从楼梯上下来。我想大家是去打防疫针，那时候经常会打各种防疫针。我就和他们打招呼：你们是打针去么？他们都笑：金小姐，现在是下午5点钟，我们下班了。”
那时，习惯于花钱的她，薪水还没发下来，就被她预支光了。亲戚朋友们上公司来买东西，一律挂她账上；女同事们下班了，她请她们去吃西餐。到了月底一算，她反而欠公司的钱。那时，她根本不知道，有一天，她要靠打毛衣来维持一家9口的生计；有一天，她一个月只能拿到19块5角钱，吃一碗面，都要在心里飞快地算计。
赊账成了每天的必修课
1949年，金默玉看到了解放军进城。进城的那一天，在租来的东单四合院外面，她靠着砖墙，看一队队士兵打着绑腿，身板笔直地从街上走过去，心里特别欢喜。她想，以后街上再也看不到挎着舞女、酒气熏天的大兵了。她诚心诚意地要当一个街道积极分子，跟着大家拿着玻璃瓶和竹夹子，到各家厕所去，翻开砖头，挖出砖头下的蛹。
哥哥们早就离开了北京城，但她没有跟着去。她觉得“男人们都太不成器”。父亲把儿子们都送到国外，他们读的是国外最好的军事院校。在金默玉看来，他们中的大部分人在军事院校里只学到了一身大爷脾气，有几位哥哥还抽上了大烟。
肃亲王的产业在这些哥哥们手中败落下来，东四十四条的房产、旅顺的房产、大连的房产都一点一点被变卖了。他们把卖房子的事情托给川岛芳子的养父川岛浪速，这个日本人却私吞了一半财产。到1949年哥哥们去了香港，留给金默玉的全部财产就100块钱。这100块钱要喂养9张嘴：大哥的4个孩子、二哥的两个孩子，还有大哥的老保姆和保姆的女儿，而她尚未结婚、没有社会经验也没有生活经验。
为了维持生计，金默玉开始变卖家中的物品：钢琴、地毯、沙发、皮大衣、留声机……由于根本不懂市价，一大堆皮衣她用不到一件衣服的价钱就全给卖了。昔日的十七格格还织起了毛衣出售，3天织1件，但仍不够一家人的买菜钱。此后，她还开过洗衣坊，用上好的肥皂，一个月下来，买肥皂的钱比挣的还多。赊账成了每天的必修课，胡同口杂货铺的老太太看到她就追着问：“钱什么时候给啊？”
这样的日子一直熬到1952年，金默玉开起了饭店。“那年哥哥到了日本，给我和6个孩子寄回了一笔生活费，斟酌再三，我在自家院子里开了间西餐厅，结果没人上门。”后来金默玉改开四川饭馆，“北京当时有40万四川人，这家四川饭馆一下子火了起来。虽然没赚多少钱，但至少吃穿不再发愁了”。两年后，饭店被公私合营，她成为中央编译局的一名职员，每月拿60元工资。金默玉回到家里，开心得哼起了小曲。
人生两次最正确的选择
1954年，36岁的金默玉结婚了。“大喜那天，旗袍是借来的，请帖是丈夫马万里亲自用毛笔写的。”金默玉说，“那一天，看着大红的喜帖，我忽然感慨，怎么这么就把自己嫁出去了！”要是在过去，她或许早已像姐姐们一样，嫁给了某位蒙古王爷。她们是满蒙联姻的重要工具，不过，金默玉从小就和她们不一样。在北京的时候，她拒绝了家里人的提亲，冲着他们喊：“我的事，你们谁都不要管！”这样的婚礼，或许潦草了些，却是她自己选择的。
丈夫马万里是当时国内极负盛名的花鸟画家，他曾有过两次婚姻，第一个妻子难产而死；第二个妻子因感情不合与他离婚。遇到金默玉时，马万里还住在女儿家里，女儿家很小，连睡觉的地方都没有，更别提画画了，他也因此心灰意冷，一意自杀。金默玉的出现让他重新有了作画的地方，也有了一个家。但没想到，风暴那么快就到来了。
1958年2月，离当年的春节还有5天，金默玉突然从家中被带走，开始了她15年的牢狱生活。唯一的罪名，就是她的出身：“肃亲王的女儿，特务川岛芳子的妹妹，在那个年代，这足以让我致命。”为了不连累丈夫，监狱中的金默玉申请了离婚，她决定独自度过漫长的刑期。1973年，刑满释放的金默玉来到天津茶淀农场，成为一名农场工人。
在天津茶淀农场，金默玉用比她还高的大铁锹费力地挖着苹果树下的冻土，手掌流血了，但她不作声。“我知道我和别人不一样，别人是人民内部矛盾，而我是封建贵族阶级的小姐，汉奸的妹妹。”
此时，一位讲北方话的上海人，闯进了金默玉的生活。他将一把自制的小铁锹、一本日语版的《人民中国》，送给了手掌流着血的金默玉。金默玉很快答应了他的求婚，因为她希望能在农场里分到一间属于自己的房子，她厌恶身边的那些女劳改犯，“她们中有人曾是舞女，每天早上起来要喝几大杯酒，用别人听不懂的话喃喃地咒骂；有人用红纸把嘴染得通红，游手好闲。”
“你不后悔当年没和哥哥们一起走？那就不会有后来的事情了。”记者问金默玉。
金默玉却说，她这一生做过的最正确的事有两件，一是没有去香港，一是在监狱中没有陷害过任何一个好人。“在日本读书的时候，我的家庭教师告诉我，高尚不是别人笑的时候你不笑，它是一种品德。高尚的人，一年中必须找一天闭门思过，想想有没有做什么对不起人的事情。你认为正确的，就坚持到底，不要管别人怎么想。”
生平只求过一次人
1976年，跟丈夫回上海探亲时，金默玉病倒了。X光片显示，她的脊椎有9节都坏了，病历上写着“脊椎骨质增生、骨髓炎、腰肌劳损”。农场给她办了病退，每月工资降至19元2角，“连吸烟的钱都不够”，何况还要给婆婆寄钱。吸烟，是金默玉在监狱里养成的习惯，“腰疼得受不了，或者累得撑不住，我就吸烟，后来一天能吸一包。”
生平第一次，金默玉想到了求人。按照她的性子，她是死也不求人的。在监狱，腰疼得拿不起放在地上的铺盖，就用脚去移；没有梳子，就用牙刷把头一点一点地刷过去；衣服破得没有替换，就用碎布在上面缝出小花来；无论处境如何，外表一定要整整齐齐。
曾经在肃王府侍奉的保姆拉着她掉眼泪：“格格，您这是从天上摔到地下了！”金默玉大笑：“这不是还没摔死么！”曾有一位在美国的侄孙女，苦苦请求这位姑奶奶住到自己家里去，可她就是不去。“我不愿意麻烦他们。”但在1979年，她写了生平第一封求人的信，收信人是邓小平。
在信里，金默玉不是要求平反，而是要求一份工作，她还记得信里的内容：“我如今已经干不了体力劳动了，但是还干得了脑力劳动，请给我工作。”信回得很快。告别北京40年后，金默玉终于成为北京街头市民中最普通的一分子。
之后的十几年，她有了收获。
金默玉一直就想办一所学校。1992年初，金默玉与丈夫将家中所有的存款全部拿出来，购买了书桌、教材等学习用品，开办了“爱心儿童日语班”。“爱心”暗喻“爱新”，表明她是爱新觉罗家族中的一员，又表明她在晚年为培养儿童的日语能力而奉献自己的爱心。
为了把“班”办成学校，从1993年起，金默玉在日本和北京之间奔波了数年，动用了同学、朋友、亲戚等一切关系，四处演讲，终于筹足了办学经费。1996年5月，位于河北廊坊市开发区的爱心日语培训学校正式挂牌。据有关部门确认，该校是当时国内设施最齐全的民办日语专修学校。
上世纪90年代后期，正是在这所学校的基础上，建起了廊坊东方大学城。在晚年，她终于在廊坊有了一套完全用自己挣来的钱买下的房子。邻居们都知道这是个了不得的老太太。
然而，金默玉却不觉得自己的一生有什么特殊。“有时候想想，我这一生，到底干了点什么呢？”她叹息着，看着手中的照片。照片上，14岁的她穿着白色的衣裙，像男孩子一样顽皮地微笑着。“那时候，我可淘气着呢。”她说，唇边泛起一个与当年一模一样的笑容。
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