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The author:(作者)归海一刀published in(发表于) 2014/5/27 9:19:22 People’s daily： the United States why are repeatedly hyped Chinese “Cyber-espionage“
United States Department of Justice announced charges against 5 Chinese soldiers, its essence is to render the Chinese cyber-threats, tarnish China's international image. United States hyped Chinese "Cyber-espionage" why? It's worth further reflection and research.
First, the United States speculation China "cyberspies" practices
From 2011 the US-China economic review issued by the Committee of the 2009-2010 foreign spies using the Internet to steal United States economic intelligence report by February 2013 United States Mandiant network security issued by the company advanced persistent threat: Cyber espionage report revealed China, and then to the current charges against 5 of the Chinese soldiers, United States speculation China "cyberspies" to spare no effort, its way step by step, the Division of responsibilities more closely.
(A) civil institutions took the lead vocal
By virtue of the so-called "technical superiority" and "case", non-official institutions, including network security Enterprise sound easier to be credible, United States hyped Chinese "Cyber-espionage" a first step. Senior continued threat: revealed China engaged in network spy activities of units under report said, through on near 150 home company of track analysis, found United States suffered of network hacker attack more from Yu China; coincidentally, October 2, 2013, United States Fireeye network security company publishing of world network vs: understands network attack behind of national intent under report again accused China on world launched has network attack, including network steal United States F-35 fighter design data, and Network attack 23 United States oil companies and a number of financial institutions, the invasion of Korea, even long-term control of power system global spy network in 100 countries. These security companies and has become the United States speculation China "cyberspies" vanguard.
(B) officials have echoed
Frequent vocal civil institutions and the United States Government are inextricably linked, such as the global threat of Fireeye senior analyst Kenneth Geers is the former United States security officials. United States officials often refer to those from the so-called "civil society" report, denounced China's threat to United States security. 2013 United States Pentagon release of the development report on China's military and security, accusing China of United States business Government and defense contractors carry out cyber attacks; United States-China economic and Security Commission submitted a draft report to Congress on November 6, said the Chinese military hackers in the United States for cyber attacks. The "prosecution" set out in many of the "evidence" comes from these security companies.
(C) public opinion media hyped
United States has a number of world renowned media, media and United States civil institutions and official closely, rampant construction of China cyber threat environment. July 2012, Bloomberg published entitled "from EU to Washington, and China military about of hacker purposed" of articles, claimed China hacker steal has EU Council President of e-mail, interception more name EU economic, and security and diplomatic affairs officials of internal communications; September 2013, times under quoted Fireeye company competent words said, a name for "commentator" (Comment Crew) of Chinese hacker Organization recently launched has " So far he see had of most mass of for unmanned machine technology of hacker action "; May 19, 2014, Wall Street daily under, and times under, media quickly followed up this" sued event ", respectively in website Home most striking of location set column, publishing such as" China hacker through ' fishing ' software invasion beauty aluminum system ", and" Pittsburgh area over enterprise allegedly was China hacker attacks "like of news.
Second, the United States speculation China "Cyber-espionage" purposes
United States frequently publicized Chinese hacker network attacks in recent years, the hype the so-called "China threat theory", which hides behind its purpose difficult to put on the desktop.
(A) the delayed development of China
Since the beginning of 2010, Google claimed "Chinese hacker attack", high profile exits China since the United States began to hype the "China threat theory", online censorship, hacking, network forces to blame the Chinese. The "China threat theory" is in fact "the theory of China threat" in the extended network space and reflect, is a continuation of cold war thinking aimed at isolating China, delaying China's pace of development.
(B) the search for excuses
June 2013 continuous fermentation of "Prism" event exposed the United States monitors worldwide, to launch network attacks around the world. Events include the United States, widespread protests across the world, people, United States in neiwaijiaokun position. In that context, United States began rendering Chinese hackers drone intelligence in September 2013, beginning in October hype intelligence network, the attack against the Chinese control much of multinational networks, the so-called Chinese "Cyber-espionage" charges, the purpose of which is to render United States facing dire state of network security, unlawful acts, network, network monitoring and attack military forces construction make excuses.
(C) ease the pressure of public opinion
In October 2013, the United States revealed intelligence agencies was observed 35 leaders of the phone. "Bugging" incident, the United States to several countries, including its allies, surveillance, bugging, triggered the general discontent and protests. In that context, United States hyped "theory of China threat", on the one hand seeks to detach ourselves from net "Web attacker" role to "victims", enlisting public support; on the other, to divert attention, played down the public's "Prism" and "eavesdropping" concerns.
美国司法部宣布起诉5名中国军人，其本质是渲染中国网络威胁，抹黑中国的国际形象。美国大肆炒作中国“网络间谍”的目的何在？这值得我们深入思考和研究。
一、美国炒作中国“网络间谍”之做法
从2011年美中经济与审查委员会发布的《2009—2010年外国间谍利用网络窃取美国经济情报》报告，到2013年2月美国Mandiant网络安全公司发布的《高级持续威胁：揭密中国从事网络间谍活动的单位》报告，再到当前的起诉5名中国军人，美国炒作中国“网络间谍”可谓不遗余力，其手法循序渐进、分工严密。
(一)民间机构率先发声
凭借所谓的“技术优势”和“实际案例”，网络安全企业等非官方机构发声更容易取信于人，也是美国炒作中国“网络间谍”的第一步。《高级持续威胁：揭密中国从事网络间谍活动的单位》报告称，通过对近150家公司的追踪分析，发现美国遭受的网络黑客攻击多来自于中国；无独有偶，2013年10月2日，美国Fireeye网络安全公司发布的《世界网络大战：理解网络攻击背后的国家意图》报告再次指责中国对全世界发动了网络攻击，包括网络窃取美国F-35战机设计数据、网络攻击23家美国石油公司和多家金融机构、入侵韩国电力系统、甚至长期控制全球100个国家的间谍网络。这些安全公司与已经成为美国炒作中国“网络间谍”的急先锋。
(二)官方人士相继呼应
频频发声的民间机构与美国政府有着千丝万缕的联系，例如Fireeye的全球威胁资深分析师Kenneth Geers就是前美国网络安全官员。美国官方常常引用这些来自所谓“民间机构”的报告，抨击中国威胁美国网络安全。2013年美国五角大楼发布《涉华军事与安全发展报告》，指责中方对美国政府以及国防业务承包商进行网络攻击；美国美中经济和安全委员会在11月6日向国会提交报告草案称，中国军方黑客仍在对美国进行网络攻击。此次“起诉事件”中罗列的诸多“证据”也多来自于这些安全公司。
(三)舆论媒体大肆炒作
美国拥有多家全球知名媒体，这些媒体与美国民间机构和官方紧密配合，大肆营造中国网络威胁氛围。2012年7月，彭博社发表题为“从欧盟到华府，与中国军方有关的黑客现形”的文章，宣称中国黑客窃取了欧盟理事会主席的电子邮件，截取多名欧盟经济、安全和外交事务官员的内部通信；2013年9月，《纽约时报》援引Fireeye公司主管的话称，一个名为“评论员”(Comment Crew)的中方黑客组织近期发动了“迄今为止他见过的最大规模的针对无人机技术的黑客行动”；2014年5月19日，《华尔街日报》、《纽约时报》等媒体迅速跟进此次“起诉事件”，分别在网站首页最醒目的位置设置专栏，发布诸如“中国黑客通过‘钓鱼’软件入侵美铝系统”、“匹兹堡地区多家企业据称遭到中国黑客袭击 ”之类的新闻。
二、美国炒作中国“网络间谍”之目的
美国近年来频频宣扬中国黑客进行网络攻击，炒作所谓“中国网络威胁论”，其背后掩藏着种种难以放到桌面上的目的。
(一)拖延中国发展
自2010年初谷歌声称“受到中国黑客攻击”、高调退出中国以来，美国开始炒作“中国网络威胁论”，就网络审查、黑客攻击、网络部队等方面对中国进行指责。“中国网络威胁论”事实上是“中国威胁论”在网络空间领域的延伸和体现，是冷战思维的继续，目的是孤立中国、延缓中国发展速度。
(二)寻找行动借口
2013年6月起持续发酵的“棱镜门”事件暴露出美国监控全球、对全世界发动网络攻击的事实。事件引发包括美国民众在内的世界各国、各方的普遍抗议，美国一时陷入内外交困的境地。在此背景下，美国于2013年9月份开始渲染中国黑客窃取无人机情报，10月份开始炒作中国控制多国情报网络、攻击多国网络，此次又对所谓的中国“网络间谍”发起指控，其目的是渲染美国面临的严峻网络安全形势，为非法网络监控和攻击行为、网络军事力量建设寻找借口。
(三)缓解舆论压力
2013年10月，美国情报机构被曝监听35位各国政要的电话。在“窃听门”事件中，美国对包括其盟友在内的多个国家实施监控、窃听，引发各国的普遍不满和抗议。在此背景下，美国炒作“中国网络威胁论”，一方面谋求将自己从网“网络攻击者”的角色转为“受害者”，争取舆论支持；另一方面是为了转移视线、淡化公众对“棱镜门”、“窃听门”的关注。
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