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The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2014/6/19 4:45:06 Academy of social sciences， said the annual migration of 190，000 in almost three years， low out-migration rate
Recently, several media reports "9.3 million people last year in China", and that "mass emigration abroad in China, a large number of elite talent has fled the country as foreign nationals." Chinese Academy of social sciences of related data verification found that such rumors would be "total" confuse "incremental" or "migrant" equated with "citizenship". In the past 3 years the average annual emigration of approximately 190,000 people, immigrants proportion in our country in the world is low.
"9.3 million immigrants" where rumors come from
Response: "aggregates" confuse "Delta", the International report refers to calendar year total Chinese overseas
Chinese Academy of social sciences, said Gao Wenshu, a researcher at the Institute of population and labor economics, the transnational migration of residents was the norm of world economic development, for our country to promote personnel training, strengthening international exchanges and upgrade national influence, is very important. Now, some people think that China's large-scale influx of foreign immigrants, is the situation of immigrants in our country there are misunderstandings.
Gao Wenshu said media reports "9.3 million people last year in China" and other news, the data source is the United States Pew Research Centre, Department of economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations "international migrant stock" database is calculated. Control report from the Pew Research Center, said in its original form is up to 2013, China's migrants abroad totaled 9.3 million, rather than refer to the year 2013 year number of migrants abroad.
"The reported confusion over immigrants ' total ' in 2013 and then ' increase ', seriously mislead the public opinion. From 2010 to 2013, the number of expatriates in China a total of 580,000 people, about 190,000 people a year on average. "Gao Wenshu said.
"Migration" is equivalent to "citizenship"
Response: not equal, not personally residing outside their country of birth countries 1-years can be referred to immigration
In life, as long as the mention "immigrants", many people often understood as "naturalization". Is that right?
Reporter verified discovery, United Nations Department of economic and Social Affairs, the international migrants defined as all non-person born in a country other than the countries who settled more than 1 year. This means that, in an international context, as long as they are in our country was born and left the residents of China's more than 1 year, are counted as overseas Chinese immigrants. This includes not only those who have joined the former residents with foreign nationality, including those abroad but did not join the students of foreign nationality, expatriates, international workers, and so on. Thus, "migrant" goes far beyond the scope of "naturalization" category.
In 2013, the Chinese students studying overseas to 1.14 million people in overseas workers to 850,000 people, they are also part of our migrants abroad about the evaluated institutions.
Did sudden increase in emigration in China
Response: no, there is no so-called "massive talent fleeing", my low out-migration rate
According to United Nations Statistics, overseas Chinese immigrants to 1990 the total 4.09 million people by 2000 was 5.49 million by 2010 to 8.76 million people by 2013 at 9.34 million. According to this calculation, between 1990-2000, our overseas immigrants increased by 140,000 people per year on average, and average annual growth of 3% 2000-2010, 327,000 people per year, representing an annual growth of 4.8% 2010-2013, 193,000 people per year, representing an annual growth of 2.2%.
"Immigrants in a State of relative stability of slow growth in China, does not appear within a short time a sudden increase in relative decline also saw growth in recent years, there is no so-called ' massive talent to flee '. "Gao Wenshu said.
China is the world's most populous, but emigration was not up to the total. From the world rankings, total 2013 expatriates in China ranked fourth in the world, down from India (14.2 million) and Mexico (13.2 million), Russia (10.8 million). Percentage of the population immigrants from abroad, in 2013 the world average is 3.3%; low out-migration rate in developed countries, are mostly 2%-5%; out-migration rates are usually higher in developing countries, and in some countries as high as more than 20%; in China, this ratio is only 0.7%. Therefore, the scale of migration and migration rates are not high, international communication has yet to be strengthened rather than restrict.
How to understand the flow of talent
Response: focusing on "brain drain" contrast "backflow" is one-sided, in fact, is entering the return period of China
Zeng Re a claim online, says the brain drain China's outstanding overseas, returned only a small proportion, which a lot of people think that China's elementary education for foreign talent. Turns out, this argument only concerns "brain drain" contrast "backflow" is very one-sided, data also showed that the 70% returnees ' development in China.
In 2001, returned to 12,000 people in China in 2005, increasing to 35,000 people in 2009, further break through the 100,000 mark, reached 108,000 2013 at 353,500. The same period, our personnel abroad is rapidly increasing, but at a significantly lower than that of returned overseas Chinese. Service Center for studying abroad to return home, according to Ministry of education data previously provided to our show, 1978-the end of 2012, 1.0912 million returnees ' development, 72.38% of the total number abroad. Returning in 2012 amounted to 272,900 people, an increase of 46.57%.
Experts said that overseas Chinese immigrants, is part of the long-term residence in the country, even as recipients of nationals, but returning talent from abroad is also on the rise, China has an important role in promoting the development.
United Nations development programme's research shows that when the education expenditure in the gross 5%, research and development expenditure in the gross 1.9%, researcher per capita research and development budget of more than $ 60,000 a year, engaged in research and development scientists when there are more than 1500 people per million population, returning overseas talents will increase dramatically. In 2012, China's education expenditure in the gross percentage of 4.6%, research and development expenditure in the gross percentage of 2%, researcher per capita research and development expenses were $ 52,000 per million population has a research staff of about 3000 people. Therefore, our indicators are close to or exceeded the United Nations ' standards. From international experience, our country has entered a period of return conditions.
Because of this, Gao Wenshu believes that "China is entering the brain drain. Maintaining and promoting return and should become the focus of China's international migration strategy. ”
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