Ministry long Miao Wei: "made in China" not imagine, and backward Western 30-made in China-IT information
"Made in China" not as strong as we thought, Western industries, did not decline to depend on China. Our manufacturing industry is still not upgraded, manufacturers have begun to evacuate. In the transition to a service of slogans, Minister of industry and information technology Miao Wei, an ultimatum: the truth.
Miao Wei, at the 12 session of the 13th meeting of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese interpretation of full in 2025, said that in the four-level Echelon in global manufacturing, China is in the third tier, and this pattern of domestic story there is a fundamental change in a short time. As a manufacturing power to try at least 30 years.
As a central member in charge of manufacturing, Miao Wei, broadly representative of the country recognition.
Miao said the global manufacturing industry has been basically formed four-tier development pattern:
The first Echelon is a United States-led Global Innovation Center;
Second-Echelon areas of high-end manufacturing, including the European Union, Japan;
Third Echelon is the low-end manufacturing areas, mainly in emerging countries, including China;
Fourth tier mainly resource-exporting countries, including OPEC (Organization of petroleum exporting countries), Africa, Latin America and other countries.
Increased downward pressure on the economy in China today, many human services surpassed manufacturing as the second largest industry hailed that China could overcome the development stage of industrialization, directly into the service-oriented economy. In this regard, Miao think, whether judging from historical experience or reality, it is unrealistic for the view.
Look at the global scientific and technological strength ranks, how far China
First place: United States
So far, the United States brings together more than 70% of the Nobel laureate at the University.
In the top 20 universities in the world, calculated according to the contribution of science, United States 17 (Tsinghua University about rankings in the 600 or so) from MIT to Caltech, and train the best engineers in the world and top scientists.
Global top ten scientific and technological company, United States accounted for eight! Intel provides chips to the world, Microsoft and the software industry based market Oracle (from Baidu and Tencent to different government departments in China are using Oracle's database software and technology).
United States has the world's top laboratories, in the military field, in the field of aerospace, in medical technology, in the field of information science ... ... United States with unrivalled strength and an overwhelming technical advantage ranks first in the world.
Second place: United Kingdom
-Royce engines. Such an engine, affect is material, machinery, power to many areas. China's dream of large aircraft, has just set out.
Our eyes can see, eyeful of Japan and Germany's equipment, but few people care, the core part of these machines was used mostly by United Kingdom designed ARM chips.
Number of Nobel Prize, United Kingdom after the United States, ranking second in the world. Best 200 universities in the world in the United States accounted for 75, United Kingdom accounted for 32, far more than in other countries.
Despite the United Kingdom some recession in the industrial-scale, but it is still the world's top Lolo Jones of Aero-Engine business, steel, pharmaceutical, aerospace, bio-breeding, mechanical, micro-electronics, military, environmental science, and so on are world-class as well.
But because the United Kingdom has the best universities in the world (after the United States), the United Kingdom remains the world's second science and technology, has made outstanding contributions to World Science and technology (such as the world's first cloned sheep).
Third place: Japan
United States in the number of patent applications at the national patent office, Japan is second only to United States own second country, which has been considered Japan an important indicator of innovation. World University rankings and the contribution of science and technology in the world, and Japan for the only time the United States and Britain.
Japan has a number of large groups and companies, such as Toshiba, Mitsubishi and so on, these companies have strong technological strength, Japan pay attention to detail and spirit make their products in the market with a better user experience, so as to occupy the market, which allow them to have more research and development funds. Fake from the beginning to the later technological innovation, Japan's rise as Asia's a myth.
In 20 key areas of science and technology, Japan's ranking is very good, in material science, cutting-edge robots, Japan has huge scientific research strength.
Fourth place: France
Has a number of well-known universities in Paris, France is generally divided into high school and the College of engineering at the University, is typical of elite education.
And the United Kingdom is different, France to maintain technological advantage is realized by the country's high investment, France has more than more than 50 Nobel Prize winners, over more than 10 fields medal winner. In 20 key areas of scientific research, France took the world, romantic French seems to be more lazy than the Japanese and Germans, but in scientific research, and they are more innovative and risk-taking.
France in the aerospace, energy, materials science, space technology and other advantages are obvious!
Fifth place: Germany
When it comes to Germany, everybody will think of Germany's machine tool, Germany's precision machinery, meticulous German spirit! So far, Germany has more than more than 70 Nobel Prize, more than France and Japan.
Have to say, is different from most imagine, scientific research is a physical work (although creativity is very important), a dull and boring work. An experiment may be repeated 1000 times, find an error may take a few days and nights, even if all you want is right, but as long as a small mistake, just to keep the pace of scientific research. German quality has an advantage in this regard. With France, Germany's universities according to the professional ranks, rather than rankings. Each school has its own good professional.
Germany technology from Germany's education and more from Germany's manufacturing sector.
Sixth place: Finland
Other than Nokia, Finland, this small country just more than 5 million people, in 20 key areas of science and technology, 17 top ten, such as computer science, everyone knows Windows, but the computer professional who knows Linux! Finland education, science and technology level in the world.
United States Department of Defense report noted that Finland is the transfer of high technology to China than any other country in the world, China open said, Finland is China's second largest technology transfers in Nordic.
Seventh place: Israel
People of Jewish descent received many Nobel prizes, but a lot of people may not know, Israel not only militarily strong in science and technology, they are equally strong, though many of their military equipment from the United States. But they also help the United States researchers of weapon equipment research and improvement.
Israel has a high level of education, 24% of the labour force with a postgraduate degree, ranked first in the world.
In the past more than 10 years, Israel scientists have made outstanding achievements in many fields, and made an outstanding contribution to the development of science and technology of the world, especially in the electronics and chemistry.
United States many hi-tech companies in Israel to establish research and development centers, using Israel's intelligence and wisdom (unlike China, Israel participants and key research and product development)!
Eighth place: Sweden
Nobel Prize judges were Sweden who and accepted around the world, will prove that Sweden has a first-class scientist, ability levels to evaluate the world's leading scientific research (if you don't have this level, no one will acknowledge your assessment). Sweden only about 9 million of the population, but there was a 38% of the labour force in high-tech companies (for example Ericsson) employment, this ratio ranks first in the world! Sweden is also one of the hottest love reading world, national scientific quality first in the world.
Chinese think Sweden is a country of high welfare, people have a very casual, but Sweden implemented very strict competition model, all the courses are divided into dozens of levels from easy to difficult, rather than by grade and class distinction.
In 20 key areas of science and technology, Sweden on 14 in the top ten, 19 in the top 20.
Nineth place: Italy
Italy who can design the best clothing, leading the fashion trend of the ... ... It seems nothing to do with science, but it reflects Italy's ability to innovate. In fact, Italy also has agusitan-weijitelan helicopters, Super cars such as Ferrari, Maserati, Lamborghini, has a world class automobile manufacturing technology.
Italy luxury innovation ability and even beyond Europe, and top-end luxury items often represent the most high tech applications.
Of course, Italy's problems are many and easy to cover people of Italy evaluation of science and technology.
Tenth place: Canada
In 20 key areas of science and technology, Canada has 16 in the top 20, 4 in the top five in the world.
11th to 19th are: Netherlands, and Denmark, and Switzerland, and Australia, and Norway, and Belgium, and Russia, and Singapore, and Korea.
It is worth mentioning that Singapore. It is not only Hong Kong's financial and Trade Center, in fact, Singapore technology and industry effort than spent on services, and more.
Nanyang Technological University is the world's top 30 universities. Singapore manufacturing sector has four pillar industries: petrochemical, electronics, machinery, bio-medicine. The world's third-largest oil refinery and petrochemical Center. Singapore is the world's largest jackup oil rig manufacturer. From the perspective of textual layout, Singapore eye too much high than in Hong Kong.
5 levels of strength in science and technology, China's position in the fourth grade
The first level, core, United States.
The second level, advanced, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan.
The third level, tap, Finland, and Russia, Italy, Israel, Canada, Australia, Norway, Korea, Czech Republic moderately developed countries.
Fourth, at the gate, China, India, Mexico, South Africa and other developing countries.
Fifth, behind, the remaining development in the poorest countries are listed here.
China has long way to go in manufacturing? Is unknown.
工信部长苗圩：“中国制造”没想象强，落后西方30年 - 中国制造 - IT资讯
“中国制造”不像我们想象那么强大，西方工业，也没有衰退到依赖中国。我们的制造业还没有升级，制造业者已开始撤离。在向服务业转型的口号声中，工业和信息化部部长苗圩按捺不住，出来说了真话。
苗圩在全国政协十二届常委会第十三次会议上对《中国制造2025》进行全面解读时指出，在全球制造业的四级梯队中，中国处于第三梯队，而且这种格局在短时间内难有根本性改变。要成为制造强国至少要再努力30年。
作为主管制造业的中央大员，苗圩的观点基本上代表了国家认知。
苗圩说，全球制造业已基本形成四级梯队发展格局：
第一梯队是以美国为主导的全球科技创新中心；
第二梯队是高端制造领域，包括欧盟、日本；
第三梯队是中低端制造领域，主要是一些新兴国家，包括中国；
第四梯队主要是资源输出国，包括OPEC(石油输出国组织)、非洲、拉美等国。
在中国经济下行压力不断加大的今天，许多人为服务业超越制造业成为国民经济第二大产业而欢呼，甚至认为中国可以逾越工业化发展阶段，直接进入以服务业为主导的经济结构。对此，苗圩认为，不管是从历史经验还是现实情况来看，这都是脱离实际的一种观点。
看看全球科技实力排名，中国还差多远
第一名：美国
迄今为止，美国的大学汇集了全球70%以上的诺贝尔奖获得者。
在全球最顶尖的20所大学中，按科学贡献度计算，美国占了17所（清华大学大约排名在600名左右）从麻省理工到加州理工，培养了全世界最好的工程师和最顶尖的科学家。
全球十大科技顶尖公司，美国占据了八家！英特尔向全世界提供芯片，微软公司和甲骨文公司占据了软件业的基础市场（从百度到腾讯到中国各个政府部门，都使用甲骨文提供的数据库软件和技术）。
美国拥有全球最顶尖的实验室，在军工领域，在航空航天领域，在医学技术领域，在信息科学领域……美国以无可匹敌的实力和压倒性的技术优势雄居世界之首。
第二名：英国
罗罗发动机。这样一个发动机，牵动的是材料、机械、动力诸多的领域。中国的大飞机梦，还刚启程。
我们眼前所见的，满眼都是日本和德国的设备，但是却很少有人关心，这些机器设备最核心的部份大多使用了由英国ARM公司设计的芯片。
诺奖获得人数，英国仅次于美国，居世界第二。在世界最好的200所大学中，美国占据了75所，英国占据了32所，远远超过其它国家。
尽管英国在工业规模上有所衰退，但它仍有世界顶尖的航空发动机企业罗罗，在钢铁、制药、生物育种、航空航天、机械、微电子、军工、环境科学等方面都处于世界一流之列。
但由于英国拥有世界上最好的大学（仅次于美国），英国依然保持着世界第二的科学技术，对世界科技做出了杰出贡献（如世界第一只克隆羊）。
第三名：日本
美国国家专利局的专利申请数中，日本是仅次于美国自己本身的第二大国，这一直被视作是日本创新能力的一个重要指标。在全球大学的排行榜和对世界科技贡献度上面，日本的大学仅次美英。
日本拥有很多大集团和大公司，如东芝，三菱等等，这些公司都拥有很强悍的科研实力，日本注重细节的精神让他们的产品在市场上拥有更好的用户体验，从而占据市场，这也让他们拥有更多研发经费。从开始的仿造到后来的技术创新，日本的崛起成为亚洲的一个神话。
在20个关键科技领域，日本的排名都很不错，在材料科学，尖端机器人等等，日本都拥有巨大科研实力。
第四名：法国
巴黎拥有相当多的知名大学，法国大学一般分为高等商学院和工程师学院，是典型的精英教育模式。
与英国不同，法国保持科技优势是通过国家的高投入来实现，法国拥有五十多名诺奖获得者，十多名菲尔兹奖获得者。在20个关键科研领域，法国都居于世界前列，尽管浪漫的法国人似乎比日本人和德国人都更慵懒，但在科学研究上面，他们更富有创新精神和冒险精神。
法国在航天，能源，材料科学，空间技术等方面的优势均比较明显！
第五名：德国
说到德国，大家就会想起德国的机床，德国的精密机械，德国人一丝不苟的精神！迄今为止，德国有七十多个获得诺贝尔奖，要多于法国和日本。
不得不说一下，与大多数想象的不一样，科研其实也是一种体力活（虽然创新精神很重要），一种既枯燥又乏味的体力活。一个实验可能要重复一千次，找出一个错误可能需要几天几夜，哪怕你想的全部是正确，但只要一个微小的错误，就足以阻挡科研的步伐。德国人的品质在这方面就具有优势。与法国一样，德国的大学也是按照专业排名，而不是学校排名的。每一个学校都有自己擅长的专业。
德国的科技来源于德国的教育，更来源于德国的制造业。
第六名：芬兰
除了诺基亚之外，芬兰，这个只有500多万人的小国，在20项关键科技领域，有17项排名前十，比如说计算机科学，大家都知道windows，但计算机专业的人一定知道linux！芬兰教育水平，科技水平始终居于世界前列。
美国国防部的报告指出，芬兰是世界上向中国转让高科技技术最多的国家，中国方面公开的资料则说，芬兰是中国在北欧的第二大技术转让方。
第七名：以色列
具有犹太血统的人获得了很多诺贝尔奖，但很多人可能不知道，以色列不但在军事上强悍，在科学技术上，他们也同样的强悍，虽然他们很多的军事装备来自于美国。但他们同样也帮助了美国的科研人员对武器装备进行研究和改进。
以色列有很高的教育水平，24%的劳动人口拥有研究生以上的学历，居全球第一。
在过去的十几年中，以色列科学家在很多领域都取得了杰出成就，对世界科技发展作出了卓越的贡献，尤其是在电子和化学方面。
美国很多高科技公司都在以色列设立研发中心，利用以色列人的聪明和智慧（与中国不同，以色列人参与并承担了关键科研和产品的开发）！
第八名：瑞典
诺贝尔奖的评委是瑞典人，而且能得到世界的公认，也就证明瑞典有一流的科学家，有能力有水平对世界最顶尖的科学研究进行评估（如果你没有这样的水平，没有人会承认你的评估）。瑞典只有900万左右的人口，但却有38%的劳动人口在高科技公司（比如说爱立信）就业，这个比例居世界第一！瑞典人也是世界上最热爱读书的国家之一，国民科学素质世界第一。
中国人想象中的瑞典是一个高福利的国家，人们过得很休闲，但瑞典实行极为严格的竞争教育模式，所有的课程按从易到难分为几十个级别，而不是按年级和班级区分。
在20项关键科学技术领域，瑞典有14项居于前十，19项居于前二十。
第九名：意大利
意大利人能设计出最好的服装，引领时尚的潮流……这看起来与自然科学技术没什么关系，但却体现了意大利人的创新能力。其实，意大利同样有阿古斯坦-维基特兰直升机，有法拉利、玛莎拉蒂、兰博基尼等超级跑车，拥有世界超一流的汽车制造技术。
意大利在奢侈品方面创新能力甚至于远超欧美，而最高端的奢侈品也往往代表着最高科技的应用。
当然，意大利的问题也很多，容易遮掩人们对意大利科学技术的评价。
第十名：加拿大
在20个关键科学技术领域中，加拿大有16项处于前二十名，4项处于世界前五。
第11到19名分别是：荷兰、丹麦、瑞士、澳大利亚、挪威、比利时、俄罗斯、新加坡、韩国。
值得一提的是新加坡。它不只是和香港一样的金融和贸易中心，事实上新加坡在科技和工业上花的心思比服务业还要多。
南洋理工大学是世界前三十名的大学。新加坡制造业有四大支柱产业：石化、电子业、机械制造、生物医药。世界第三大炼油中心和石化中心。新加坡是全球最大的自升式石油钻井平台制造国。从谋篇布局的角度看，新加坡比香港的眼光高远太多。
在科技实力的5个级别里，中国的位置在第四级
第一级，核心，美国。
第二级，发达，英国，德国，法国，日本。
第三级，登堂入室，芬兰、俄罗斯，意大利，以色列，加拿大，澳大利亚，挪威，韩国，捷克等中等发达国家。
第四级，在大门口，中国，印度，墨西哥，南非等发展中国家。
第五级，落后，其余发展中贫穷国家都在此列。
中国在制造业上要走的路有多长？未知。