Why China has missed the first detection of gravitational wave? Scientific research system of utilitarian-gravitational waves-IT information
These days, the messages found gravitational waves LIGO experiment continues, this is another milestone in human nature. Chinese scientists have little participation, but does not match with our total investment in scientific research.
We need a major scientific and technological achievements and facilities?
On the surface we will answer "Yes", but if you take into account costs, will lead to a number of controversies. Public asked to spend so much money, what's the use? Government officials say, whether this money available in foreigners to do, we spend money on items in the GDP? Scientific research fund management sector would say, this is not popular, why do you support? Can you ensure significant results?
Large projects cannot guarantee work, but the risk is no excuse for inaction. To become a world leader, to achieve a significant scientific achievement must have new ideas, new technology or method and its implementation for a large project. Development of human civilization to a large extent, the development of science and technology, the Chinese people should contribute.
Therefore, we must start now to plan and prepare, selection of the best projects, carry out research, only in this way, is likely to emerge in future significant results.
To bear fruit, there are only two ways: participate in other projects or launch their own projects .
Their project will probably get a very high return, but also to take on greater risk. We need to improve the project feasibility studies, design review, construction management system, and passed the international accreditation and international cooperation to improve the success rate of projects. Cooperation other countries can come up with real gold and silver, that your project is worth it.
Large project all by yourself is impossible, therefore, should have the option to participate in projects abroad. Funds, primarily borne by other countries, lower risk, lower returns, but ensures the absence of significant results are not. But the scale of our participation in the international project is much smaller than the actual power, it will not only affect our share, and we launched the project.
Therefore, international cooperation is to improve the success rate of projects, improve the team and international influence, only way to obtain significant results.
Recalls that scientific development during more than 10 years, although great progress, but there are regrettable. We have worked with the California Institute of technology, discussed the possibility of participation in the LIGO and aLIGO, but for some reason abandoned. Come up with significant achievements, China's scientific research management system has the following problems need to be solved.
First of all, compartmentalized, a simple system of rigid, inhibited the vitality of scientific research. For example, Natural Science Foundation, the Department of science and technology in support of the project ceiling of about 40 million Yuan, about 300 million Yuan over the project can turn to development and Reform Commission, but between 40 million and 300 million yuan of project Department.
Secondly, international cooperation projects to support a narrow channel. International cooperation project is currently only available from the Ministry of science and technology and the NSFC application, up to 40 million Yuan. Proportion of the total domestic and international projects actually under 9:1, which cause us unable to advance international cooperation projects, such as the LIGO project and other projects.
In addition, the regulations and guidelines are not scientific enough and is too "cookie-cutter". Domestic sector there have been "only support research that don't support" argument.
30 year national science and technology development is the key to the future, to become the international leader, needs to launch a number of iconic science project, a group of major scientific achievements, while not absent from other major international scientific projects, sharing its major scientific results. To this end, our research system in need of reform.
中国为何错过引力波首次探测？科研制度太功利 - 引力波 - IT资讯
这几天，LIGO实验发现引力波的消息持续发酵，这是人类认识自然的又一里程碑。中国科学家虽有少量参与，但与我们对科研的总投入并不匹配。
我们需要重大科技成果和设施吗？
表面上看大家都会回答“是”，但如果把代价考虑进去，就会引来不少争议。公众会问，花这么多钱，有什么用？政府官员会说，这种太花钱的项目是不是让外国人去干，我们把钱花在能产生GDP的项目上？科研经费管理部门会说，这个研究现在不是热门，为什么要支持？能保证有重大成果吗？
大项目自然不能保证百发百中，但风险不能成为不作为的理由。要想成为世界领先，要想获得重大科学成果，必须要有新思想、新技术或新方法，并将其落实为大项目。人类文明的发展在很大程度上是科技的发展，中华民族应有所贡献。
所以，我们要从现在就开始规划与准备，遴选优秀项目，开展预研，唯有这样，未来才有可能不断出现重大成果。
要获得重大成果，只有两个办法：参加别人的项目，或发起自己的项目。
自己发起项目可能会获得极高的回报，但也要承担较大的风险。我们需要完善立项论证、设计评审、建设管理等各项制度，通过国际评审与国际合作来提高项目的成功率。别的国家能拿出真金白银合作，说明你的项目是值得的。
大项目全都由自己发起是不可能的，因此，应该有选择地参与国外的项目。经费、任务主要由别国承担，风险较低，回报也较低，却保证了重大成果的不缺席。但目前我们参加国际项目的规模远远小于实际国力，这不但影响我们分享成果，也影响我们发起自己的大项目。
因此，国际合作是提高项目成功率，提高队伍水平和国际影响力，获得重大成果的不二法门。
回顾这十几年我国科学的发展历程，虽然进步很大，但也有遗憾。我们曾与加州理工学院讨论过参加LIGO及aLIGO的可能，但由于种种原因放弃了。想出重大成果，我国科研管理体制有以下几个问题需要解决。
首先，条块分割，制度简单僵化，抑制了科研活力。举个例子，自然科学基金委、科技部支持项目的上限在4000万元左右，大约3亿元以上的项目可以去找发改委，但4000万元到3亿元之间的项目没有部门管。
其次，国际合作项目支持渠道较窄。国际合作项目目前只能从科技部与基金委申请，最多4000万元。国内与国际项目的总经费比例实际上不到9∶1，这造成我们无法推进国际合作项目，比如LIGO项目及其他一些项目。
此外，规章制度与指导原则还不够科学，且过于“一刀切”。国内某部门曾有“只支持研究，不支持设备”的说法。
未来30年是国家科技发展的关键期，要成为国际领先，需要发起一批标志性的科学工程，有一批重大科学成果，同时不缺席国际上的其他重大科学项目，共享其重大科学成果。为此，我们的科研体制还有改革的必要。