Shenzhen troubleshooting part 3 billion down payment loan platform suspended business
In the regulatory spotlight, 21st century business Herald reporters began to investigate, Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen have a P2P platform suspended the down payment loan.
At a time when skyrocketing housing prices in some cities, real estate regulatory policy "Storm".
"Regulators next actions, based on the mapping results are integrated. "Zeng Guang said.
In the regulatory spotlight, 21st century business Herald reporters began to investigate, Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen have a P2P platform suspended the down payment loan.
In addition, journalists querying some of the P2P platform-official website-payment loan products, discovered on March 7, but can see down payment loan products, March 8 rolled off.
Troubleshoot the down payment loan
The letter said, "for the overheated Shenzhen real estate transactions, banking institutions, P2P microfinance companies and other organizations have been involved in ' down payment loans ', highly leveraged lending, amplified the financial risk situation, study how to further guard against financial risks. ”
"With some platform-payment loan data, we now expected down payment and loan stock in Shenzhen for the 2 billion-3 billion, this is a conservative estimate. "Zeng Guang said, small loan companies, the P2P platform, real estate agent, as long as it is related to lower down payment threshold of products in the scope of the investigation thoroughly, also including some for credit loans, renovation loans, led by real loan products.
Shenzhen Rui Fortune CEO Zhu Zihong also said its expected size and proximity. In his view, while in Shenzhen the down payment loan is small, but leverage the overall has been very high. "Shenzhen real estate transactions, 5%-10% are expected to use the ' down-payment loan. According to the Shenzhen central sub-branch of the people's Bank data show that average mortgage loans in Shenzhen high in December 2015, 65%, it shows loan leverage has been used to the extreme, if the ' down-payment loans ' leverage plus, has exceeded the maximum loan percentage 70%. ”
"Not currently says not to do down-payment loans. But down-payment loan really magnifies the risk, promoting a real hot. "Zeng Guang said.
Guangzhou, a well-known local real estate agents in the last year set up a down payment and loan products, company insiders reflects, hasn't heard that such products are to be thoroughly or self-examination.
"Promoting effect on the sales of such products. If our company is in a real estate 0 down payment activity, seat sales for the month will be very good. "The insider said.
Platform suspended business on the sidelines
Under the regulatory concern, part of the down payment on a platform suspended the loan business, select the wait-and-see.
On March 8, a down-payment loans in recent months to do P2P platform for Garner's General Manager, told reporters that "recent regulatory attention down-payment loan, we will suspend the down-payment loan. ”
Shenzhen Rui Fortune CEO Zhu Zihong told reporters, after the a few of the customers are "down-payment loan" service now before continuing. "Mainly from two reasons. First, policy reasons, I am traditional banking background, down-payment loans increase the risk of default, prices are now in a State of irrational bubbles, I think the regulators will enact policies to limit. Second is some real estate development company from 2014 to now, capital chain tension, they are very easily by way of down-payment loan for financing. So I am cautious attitude towards this type of product. ”
A P2P company CEO of Shenzhen told the 21st century business Herald reporter, the company wants to do a loan down payment, but do not dare, mainly worry regulators no down payment loan policies. At the beginning of March, the company has just completed a collaboration with local real-estate agent approached, down staging the planned cooperation projects.
Liu Hsia, President of landmark financial wind told reporters that the company had considered the down payment loan business, but in the end did not participate. He has three major concerns: high property prices in Shenzhen, once you get beyond housing affordability, easy to break down payment and loan repayment for affected; the second is down-payment loan no collateral, risk is not easy to control; the third Shenzhen high prices.
De Fortune Executive Vice President Li Yuan said in an interview, down payment and loan policy risks: by way of private secondary lending down payment, so that eligible buyers can loan from the Bank, does not meet the policy.
In this regard, a P2P platform in Guangzhou said the down payment loan is reduced pay scale, so that the risk has increased. "But how big is the risk, through evaluation, uneven and each city because of the rise in property prices, the risk is not the same. ”
Mystery of the scale
Zhu Zihong introduced current down-payment loans a total of 3 models. First is from real estate developers or agencies providing loans directly to homeowners, for example, soufun, chain home using such methods. Second is current mainstream model, that is, small loan companies, the P2P platform cooperation with the real estate agent or real estate developers, the former capital, which real estate resources, as well as the customer, recommended by the sales girl to buyers down payment loan products. Third is made up of small loan company, P2P platform to their customers, buyers just provides down-payment voucher, you can enjoy the loan service, this model is not in the sales department in the workplace, but the loan company Office.
Down payment loan loan limit also varies by area housing prices, higher prices of the loan amount is higher. "Line at 30%-50%. Shenzhen line popular in 50%, with a total of 3 million houses for example, customers who use the down payment loan, he can move his business just 450,000 3 million houses. Accordingly, because the loan funding comes from the community, higher interest than banks, buyers, comprehensive cost includes fees and so on, in the Shenzhen area is not less than 20%. "Zhu Zihong said.
Reporters saw a down payment loan products of the first-tier cities shows that the highest credit-led loan 50%, making a total of 10%. This down-payment loan product terms is 1-3, one year annual interest rate for 7%, a three-year annual loan interest rate is 9%. Non-cooperative property for loan amounts not exceeding 300,000, second-hand House loan amounts not exceeding 150,000.
Insiders said that many down-payment loan products the loan ceiling for House of 20% and a maximum loan amount of up to 500,000 yuan.
"No one can say clearly the scale of how large is the down payment on a home loan. We are taking down payment and loan-related statistics, but also did not appear. "Advisory Vice manager Yu Baicheng Ying-Chan told reporters that the down payment for two kinds of credit: mortgages and lines of credit. Mortgage risk, mainly in credit risk.
In this regard, the General Manager of a P2P platform, said 500 billion in the stock of national P2P platform, most of the traditional business, do the down payment loan platforms are numbered, total projected billions of. "Compared to the trillions of the real estate market, but the bucket. "He said.
And a head of small loan companies have, "said currently there are about 9,000 small loan company, with registered capital of about 900 billion, down payment and loan companies in the small loan company not more than 90, total amount expected billions of, compared to the real estate market, are minimal. ”
(Editor: Li UN659)
2016-03-09 08:33:41
21st century business Herald
深圳排查30亿首付贷 部分平台暂停业务
在监管层的密切关注下，21世纪经济报道记者调查了解到，北京、广州、深圳均有P2P平台暂停了首付贷。
在部分城市房价暴涨之时，房地产监管政策也“风雨欲来”。
“监管层下一步的动作，会根据摸底结果进行统筹安排。”曾光表示。
而在监管层的密切关注下，21世纪经济报道记者调查了解到，北京、广州、深圳均有P2P平台暂停了首付贷。
此外，记者在查询一些P2P平台官网的首付贷产品时，发现在3月7日还能看到的首付贷产品，3月8日已下线。
排查首付贷
该函表示，“针对深圳市房地产交易过热，银行机构、P2P小额贷款公司等机构相继参与‘首付贷’、高杠杆放贷，放大金融风险的现状，研究如何进一步防范金融风险。”
“结合一些平台首付贷的数据，我们目前预计深圳首付贷存量为20亿-30亿，这是个保守的估计。”曾光坦言，小贷公司、P2P平台、房产中介等只要是涉及到降低首付比例门槛的产品都在此次排查摸底范围，也包括一些名为信用贷、装修贷，实为首付贷的产品。
深圳睿信财富CEO朱子宏亦表示其预计规模与之接近。在他看来，虽然深圳地区首付贷规模不大，但贷款杠杆总体已很高。“深圳房地产交易中，预计有5%－10%使用了‘首付贷’。根据人民银行深圳中心支行的数据显示，深圳按揭平均成数高，在2015年12月为65%，这说明贷款杠杆已用到极致了，如果把‘首付贷’的杠杆加上，已超过最高贷款成数70%。”
“目前没说不能做首付贷。不过首付贷确实放大了风险，推动了炒房热。”曾光表示。
广州一家本土知名房产中介在去年亦成立了首付贷产品，公司内部人士反映，目前还未听说要对这类产品进行摸底或是自查。
“这类产品对销售有促进作用。如果我们公司在某个楼盘做0首付活动，那个楼盘当月的销量就会很不错。”该内部人士表示。
平台暂停业务观望
在监管层的关注下，部分平台暂停了首付贷业务，选择观望。
3月8日，一家首付贷近几个月做得风生水起的P2P平台的总经理告诉记者，“最近监管部门关注首付贷，我们先暂停了首付贷。”
深圳睿信财富CEO朱子宏告诉记者，此前有对一小部分客户群体进行“首付贷”服务，现在没再继续。“主要还是从两个原因考虑。第一是政策原因，我是传统银行出身，首付贷加大了违约风险，现在房价处于不合理的泡沫状态，我认为监管层迟早会出台相关政策进行限制。第二是一些房地产开发公司从2014年到现在，资金链紧张，他们很容易通过首付贷的方式进行融资。所以我对这类产品采取谨慎的态度。”
深圳一家P2P公司CEO告诉21世纪经济报道记者，公司想做首付贷，但不敢做，主要还是担心监管层对首付贷的政策。而在3月初，公司刚完成与本土房地产中介的合作接洽，计划进行首付分期合作项目。
地标金融总裁刘侠风告诉记者，公司曾考虑过做首付贷业务，但最终没有参与。他有三重顾虑：一怕是深圳的房价高，一旦超出供房者支付能力，易断供殃及首付贷的还贷；二是首付贷往往没抵押物，风险不易控；三怕高企的深圳房价下跌。
而礼德财富执行副总裁李渊接受采访时表示，首付贷具有政策风险：通过民间二次借贷的方式支付首付，使不符合条件的购房者也能向银行贷款，不符合相关政策。
对此，一位广州P2P平台的人士表示，首付贷确是降低了自付比例，从而使风险加大了。“但风险有多大，得通过评估，且每个城市由于房价涨势不均，风险也不一样。”
规模之谜
朱子宏介绍，目前首付贷共有3类模式。第一种是由房地产开发商或者中介机构直接向购房者提供贷款，譬如搜房网、链家即采用这类方式。第二种为目前的主流模式，即小贷公司、P2P平台与房地产中介或者房地产开发商进行合作，前者出资金，后者出楼盘资源以及客户，由售楼小姐向购房者推荐首付贷产品。第三种则是由小贷公司、P2P平台自身开发客户，购房者只要提供首付凭证，则可以享受贷款服务，这类模式的工作场所不是在售楼处，而是贷款公司办公处。
而首付贷的放款额度也会根据地区房价而不同，房价越高的地区贷款额度越高。“额度比例一般在30%－50%。深圳地区的额度普遍在50%左右，以一套总价300万的房子举例，客户若使用首付贷，他只需要45万的资金就可撬动300万房子。相应地，由于贷款资金来自民间，利息要比银行高，对于购房者来说，综合成本包括手续费等，在深圳地区是不会低于年化20%。”朱子宏表示。
记者看到的一线城市的一款首付贷产品显示，其最高贷款额度为首付贷的50%，即总额的10%。这款首付贷产品期限是1至3年，一年期年贷款利率为7%，三年期年贷款利率为9%。非合作楼盘的贷款额最高不超过30万，二手房贷款额最高不超过15万。
有业内人士介绍说，许多首付贷产品贷款上限为房款的两成，最高贷款额度可达50万元。
“没有人能说得清楚国内的首付贷到底有多大的规模。我们在做首付贷相关统计，不过目前数据还没出来。”盈灿咨询副总经理于百程告诉记者，首付贷主要为两种：抵押贷款和信用贷款。抵押贷款风险小，风险主要是在信用贷款。
对此，一家P2P平台的总经理表示，全国P2P平台存量5000亿，大部分做传统业务，做首付贷的平台屈指可数，总量预计不过几十亿。“相对于上万亿的房地产市场，不过是杯水车薪。”他表示。
而一位小贷公司的负责人也表示，“目前全国有9000家左右小贷公司，注册资本大约9000亿，在小贷公司中做首付贷的公司不超过90家，总额度预计几十亿，比起房地产市场总量，微乎其微。”
(责任编辑：李辉 UN659)
2016-03-09 08:33:41
21世纪经济报道