Stole Gale of wind farms cause smog in Beijing? Scientists said it was impossible to wind farms | | smog _ news
Mired in Beijing smog problems, one can blow winds of pollutants, is regarded as the most immediate solution. According to this logic, 200 km from Beijing, Inner Mongolia wind farms, because stolen through Inner Mongolia to the South wind, became one of the blame for the smog in Beijing.
It is for reducing emissions, reducing smog considerations, wind and other renewable energy sources receiving more and more attention. Wind energy resource-rich Inner Mongolia has a large number of wind farms are springing up to its capacity of over 22GW, about 1/5 per cent of the national total.
Wind-induced haze assumed since it was introduced, it led to both sides of the debate, but the debate has not yet on how wind farms will affect the environment.
Recently, the United States national renewable energy laboratory (hereinafter referred to as lab) vision Energy Science and technology limited company jointly issued a joint report, intended to end the controversy on the wind farm. The name for the wind farm in Inner Mongolia will affect Beijing's air quality? (Hereinafter referred to as the air quality) reported that haze wind farm in Inner Mongolia to the Chinese capital did not make any contribution.
The author of a report on air quality in Lundquist (Julie Lundquist) journalists through the email interface, because its working laboratory simulation of wind effects on climate, have some experience, they often asked how the wind farm will change the environment around this issue. The lab is part of United States Department of.
Lundquist said she also knows there is a wind farm in Inner Mongolia until January this year will affect the air quality in Beijing has demanded.
Wind power development in the early European and American countries, many years ago, there had been questions of wind speed in wind farms might affect the surrounding area, and attracted scientists through power field observation and digital simulation study, these outcomes form the written papers published. Lundquist and her colleagues selected has reference value of codifying them, hoping to answer the questions raised by the report on air quality in the title.
They came to the conclusion that sounds not at all complicated: under the Inner Mongolia wind farm on wind direction and wind speed up to maintain the influence within 30 km, a distance of 200 kilometers in Inner Mongolia and Beijing, so they are difficult to change Beijing's wind speed.
Vision energy Deputy General Manager Wang Xiaoyu had a vivid metaphor, put his fingers vertically into the fast-flowing streams, from fingers a few centimeters wide, the water speed will slow down, but in a far place, velocity will be restored. Wind farm wind turbine, like this piece of finger in the water, changing wind direction wind speed only within a certain range.
The air quality report, quoting an article published last year in the North Sea offshore wind farm observations. Radar showed the 165MW for wind farm would make downwind 0.25m/s within 5 km of the winds weaken. In the meteorological sense, it leaves a slight noise is defined as the breeze, its wind speeds reach 1.6-3.3M/s, several times in the numerical 0.25m/s. And at 12 km, to minimize the impact of this wind farm on wind speed 0.15m/s; 30 kilometers in the downwind direction, wind speeds have been consistent with the normal conditions.
Zhang feng, head of global innovation Center in Houston, according to the vision described, due to the small surface roughness than land, offshore wind farms within the broader effects of wind speed. In other words, if the effects of offshore wind farm on wind speed within a range of 30 kilometers, impact of onshore wind farms are less than 30 km.
This also explains why when planning a mountain wind farm, between fan not across great distances, in erecting offshore wind turbine, and then the causes need to be more cautious about spacing. Former wind speeds in a wind machine recovered soon after, while the latter will have a broader impact.
Lundquist said in a reply to messages interface journalists, across many mountains between Inner Mongolia and Beijing, this geography will also reduce wind farm in Inner Mongolia to Beijing likely impact of wind speed. "If people are concerned about Beijing's air quality, reduce particulate matter emissions are issues that need your attention. "The lab scientists said.
Responsible editor: Liu Debin SN222
Article keywords:Wind farm haze
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风电场偷走大风导致北京雾霾？科学家说不可能|风电场|雾霾_新闻资讯
在北京深陷雾霾困扰时，一场可以吹散污染物的大风，被视作最为立竿见影的解决办法。而按照这样的逻辑，距离北京200公里的内蒙古风电场，因为偷走了经由内蒙古南下的风，成为导致北京雾霾的罪魁祸首之一。
正是出于降低排放、减少雾霾的考量，风能等可再生能源受到越来越多的关注。风能资源丰富的内蒙古有大批风力发电场拔地而起，其装机容量已超过22GW，占到全国总量的约1/5。
风电场致霾假设自提出以来，就引发了正反两方的争论，不过这场争论并未对风电场将如何影响环境形成定论。
近日，美国国家可再生能源实验室（下称实验室）联合远景能源科技有限公司共同发布的一份报告，打算终结这场围绕风电场的争论。这份名为《内蒙古的风电场会影响北京的空气质量吗？》（下称《空气质量》）的报告称，内蒙古风电场对中国首都的雾霾并没有做出什么贡献。
《空气质量》报告的第一作者伦德奎斯特（Julie Lundquist）通过电子邮件告诉界面新闻记者，由于其工作的实验室在模拟风电场对气候影响方面有一定经验，他们经常被问起风电场会如何改变周边环境这一问题。该实验室隶属于美国能源部。
伦德奎斯特称，她也是在今年1月才知道存在着内蒙古风电场会影响北京空气质量的提法。
在风电发展较早的欧美国家，多年前就曾有过风电场将如何影响周边地区风速的疑问，并吸引了科学家们通过发电场观测和数字仿真等方式进行研究，这些成 果形成了书面论文公开发表。伦德奎斯特和她的同事选取了其中具有参考价值的结论整理成文，希望借此回答《空气质量》报告标题中所提出的问题。
他们得出的结论听起来并不复杂：内蒙古的风电场对下风向风速的影响至多维持在30公里范围内，而内蒙古和北京的距离为200公里，因此它们很难改变北京的风速。
远景能源副总经理王晓宇做了一个形象的比喻，把手指竖直地伸入湍急的小溪，在距离手指几厘米的范围内，溪水的速度会减缓，但在远一些的地方，流速又会得以恢复。风电场的风机，就好比这根伸进水中的手指，只能在一定范围内改变下风方向的风速。
《空气质量》报告中，引用了一篇去年发表的北海海上风电场观测结论。雷达监测显示，这座容量为165MW的风场会使得下风方向5公里范围内出现 0.25m/s的风速减弱。在气象意义上，能让树叶有轻微响声的被定义为微风，其风速达到1.6-3.3m/s，在数值上数倍于0.25m/s。而到了 12公里范围，这座风电场对风速的影响降至0.15m/s；在下风方向30公里处，风速已经与正常情况一致。
根据远景休斯顿全球创新中心负责人张锋介绍，由于海面的粗糙程度相比陆地小，因此海上风电场能在更大范围内影响风速。换言之，如果海上风电场对风速的影响范围在30公里内，那么陆上风电场的影响区间则会小于30公里。
这也可以解释，为何在规划山地风电场时，风机之间不必间隔很远，而在架设海上风机时则需要对间距更为谨慎的原因。前者的风速在受风机作用后很快就能恢复，而后者则会有更大范围的影响。
伦德奎斯特在回复界面新闻记者的邮件中称，内蒙古和北京之间还隔着许多山脉，这一地理因素也将削减内蒙古风电场对北京风速可能带来的影响。“如果人们关心北京的空气质量，那么减少颗粒物排放才是更需要关注的问题。”这位实验室的科学家表示。
责任编辑：刘德宾 SN222
文章关键词： 风电场 雾霾
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