Thousand Yuan the following UAVs are toys: fly fly is gone ... ...-drones, da Jiang-IT information
At feihonglu in Shanghai, has a fa?ade a small model shop, though not bustling crowded street in front, but often attracted passers-by stopped to watch the TV in the window, which is now playing drones fire nearly a year. Through the window you can see, this store has nearly 10 kinds of drones, large and small, prices from hundreds of Yuan to tens of thousands of Yuan.
Shanghai Xijiao Park over the weekend, the Sun was shining, small Fu He 6 year old son has just sent a friend to "unmanned" flying up into the sky, but the baby accidentally, of push and pull down on the remote control, drone moments were just dozens of meters down, "I didn′t hit one. "Xiaofu break out in a cold sweat.
Since 2015 Wang Feng with drones equipped with giant Diamond to propose to Zhang Ziyi successful drone will fire. However, consumers of the delicacy is the proliferation of "drones" Akira spent eyes, how nobody function to buy, how to ensure the safety of flight, were needed to solve the problem.
"Thousand Yuan UAV is a toy"
Open the treasure, a search for "drone" 97,000 items shown can be seen, however, the top ten sales price with well-known UAV gap brand Xinjiang has more than 10 times. Xinjiang the cheapest price of a UAV is 2999 Yuan, which "drone" between the price of 100~200 Yuan, less than the sale price of Xinjiang 1/15.
Due to the price the people, these low cost "drone" highly sought after, top-selling can sell more than 4,700 per month, minimum has reached 800.
Conceptually speaking, refers to the use of UAV radio remote control equipment and its own process control apparatus operating unmanned aircraft. Current market selling consumer-level unmanned aircraft belonging to the civil scope types mostly rotary wing aircraft. Easy operation, flying, entertaining, consumer-level drone in the high heat of the average consumer is not refundable.
"Hang on Taobao ′ drone ′ name sells, we prefer to call them toys. "Shanghai flying RC airplane senior players at the club who the Times reporter explained IT, is known as a toy, because their life is not long, the raw materials used is inferior, and remote has no general power equipment is very weak, barely finished a certain task (such as aerial), compared with Xinjiang drones, but similar in shape. ”
Certainly, "not excluded many manufacturers and businesses intends to will no machine and toy four axis aircraft confused," Shanghai flight who club head Zhuang Zhuang told reporter, Taobao Shang those thousand Yuan following of "no machine" production manufacturers, most previously are is toy model manufacturers, near a years to, due to no machine concept in market Shang fried have is hot, they see has opportunities, "in I seems, real no machine of started paragraph, price at least are in 3000 Yuan above. ”
"Fly fly is gone"
"Out of a small accident before, a slap in the face of UAV flight after there, simply because there is no power off, it was spontaneous combustion. "Shanghai Hao Yi Cao Jia, head of the model (not his real name) told reporters that compared to larger parts, zero, million air these drones, hundreds of" unmanned "do have price advantages, but needs to pay more attention to security issues which may arise," such as inexpensive drones frequently of sudden power loss due to battery status. ”
Feihonglu store, cheapest drone will cost 380 Yuan. Whenever a guest when buying drones, in addition to the purchase price to thousands of Yuan of "luxury goods" store owners when hands-on teaching, that cost only hundreds of "toys", the owner more verbally advised of some experience. "Once a customer has just bought the 380 Yuan on the first day, the next day and bought a, asked him why, he said yesterday flight, flew too far back. "The unmanned aerial vehicle owner some frustration," while the machines have a key marked return system, but most of the time is not working. ”
Don′t come back "drone" damage was not entirely economic. Taobao after-sales evaluation, many users write their own experience. Due to poor battery life, low price "drone" most of the time only 10 minutes, but in terms of altitude, it can reach more than 100 meters. Once the battery runs out, falling from a height of 100 meters down, although only around 1000 grams in weight, but also falling as a 30-story building, it goes without saying that the danger posed by the ground personnel.
"At this point, higher-cost UAVs have done perfect, to be safe, real drones often have obstacle avoidance, GPS positioning, the barometer on high routes, one-click, record home alert, battery monitoring and so on, basically in three dimensions to ensure safety of the machine. "Zhuang Zhuang," said unmanned aerial vehicles is the most valuable software and chips, large manufacturers, such as chambers of Commerce of Xinjiang in the flight control system, and transfer technology and so on high cost development, low price around hundreds of Yuan basically will not have input in this block. ”
Operators are "security key"
Since the cheapest "drone" cannot be bought, whether thousands of drones can safely into the family? The answer is, no.
Several unmanned aerial vehicle enthusiasts told reporters that in addition to product quality issues, greater risk of manual errors. Guo Chun is a senior student, drones have been playing for 2 years and are usually carried out on the school′s football field test. At one point, during his flight, her eyes drifted down to his peripheral vision should see a propeller in the sky, he had a chance to respond, "bang" sound, a four-rotor drone crashed into the foot. "3 kg of the stuff! "Guo Chun is issued," too close call, I was handling its own aircraft cannot jump on a large scale. ”
Zhuang Zhuang told reporters that "some newbie buys UAV, manuals are not see through, then turned and put the plane on a day, plus operating unfamiliar, beginners are particularly vulnerable to bombing (plane crash). "A point to go through many tests of security considerations. First of all, is to find an empty place, no one within 500 metres and, secondly, to not interfere with flights, choose less radio interference environment; Moreover, is estimated flight route, be sure to avoid dangerous places such as the chemicals warehouse. Of course, most importantly, must be done well before a test flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle safety inspections.
For nearly a year, in the absence of "black flight" is raised frequently safety incidents, require supervision to the UAV is increasing. On December 29, 2015, the National Civil Aviation Authority released the small light unmanned aerial vehicles running (for trial implementation) regulations, 7 kg unmanned aerial vehicles into the scope of regulation, and weight as the directrix, drones can be divided into 0-1.5 kg, 1.5 kg to 7 kg categories. Also at the end of last year, the civil aviation authority has also developed the use of civil unmanned aerial vehicle systems for general aviation and business activities of interim measures for the Administration (draft for soliciting opinions), drone pilot must obtain airworthiness license, in accordance with the relevant provisions in the licence, certificate, grades, training to meet the requirements to enable flight. That provision was scheduled to be officially launched in February, but due to too many disputes, has not yet been formally introduced.
On March 4, 2016, duly authorized by the civil aviation authority flight standards Division light mini-UAV system "(U-Cloud)" the implementation of operation. It is reported that the system mainly aims at 7 (empty weight)-150 kg (all up weight), an altitude of 150 metres running and operation of the drones. In addition, 7 kg, over the horizon, densely populated area, focused on regional flying drones have also been incorporated into the scope of regulation.
Drones were launched in 2015 around the driving test system. Shanghai UAV control test number 28, by only 60%. According to the AOPA (aircraft owners and Pilots Association, China) issued by 2015 China report showed that total of drone pilot certificate of 1250, multi-rotor 933. National People′s Congress, the HKUST fly founder Liu Qingfeng has worked in the media, in 2015, the unmanned aerial vehicle reached 4.3 million units in shipments. But Shanghai is more than drones Club "driver′s license" attitude is rather vague, "it was like vocational qualifications, but most of our operators are enthusiast, no research necessary. "Guo Chun have consulted more professional AOPA test (aircraft owners and Pilots Association, China)," the training institutions charging 15000 Yuan, it′s too expensive for me. ”
The same provision also does not apply to toys, "toy four-axis aircraft do not have autonomous flight capability, does not apply to this provision. "Cao Jia told reporters, in fact, even if there are related laws and regulations to regulate, but execution a certain degree of difficulty," for example, real-name registration system to buy unmanned aerial vehicle requirements will be difficult to achieve. ”
千元以下无人机就是玩具：飞着飞着就没了…… - 无人机,大疆 - IT资讯
在上海的飞虹路上，有一家门面不大的模型店，门前虽不是繁华拥挤的街道，但橱窗里的电视机经常会吸引路人驻足观看，里面正在播放的是近一年来大火的无人机。透过橱窗可以看到，这家店里有大大小小近10种无人机，售价从几百元一直到上万元。
周末的上海西郊公园，阳光明媚，小傅和6岁的儿子将朋友刚刚送来的“无人机”飞上了天空，可孩子一不小心，将遥控器上的推杆拉了下来，刚刚还在几十米高空的无人机瞬间坠落，“还好没砸到人。”小傅出了一身冷汗。
自从2015年汪峰用无人机搭载巨型钻石向章子怡求婚成功，无人机便火了。然而，有心尝鲜的消费者却被五花八门的“无人机”晃花了眼，怎样的无人机能买，如何保证飞行的安全，都是亟需解答的问题。
“千元以下无人机就是玩具”
打开淘宝，搜索“无人机”，能看到9.7万件商品展示，然而，销量前十名的售价与知名的无人机品牌大疆却有十倍以上的差距。大疆最便宜的一款无人机价格为2999元，而这些“无人机”的售价介于100~200元之间，不及大疆售价的1/15。
由于价格亲民，这些售价低廉的“无人机”备受追捧，销量最高的每月能售出4700多台，最低也达到了800台。
从概念上而言，无人机是指利用无线电遥控设备和自备程序控制装置操纵的不载人飞机。当前市场热销的消费级无人机属于民用范围，类型多数为多旋翼飞行器。因操作简易，飞行、娱乐性强，消费级无人机在普通消费者里的热度居高不退。
“淘宝上这些挂着‘无人机’名号在卖的，我们更愿意称之玩具。”上海飞行者航模俱乐部的一名资深玩家对《IT时报》记者解释道，之所以称为玩具，是因为它们寿命不长，使用的原材料较为劣质，遥控器没有通用性，动力设备很弱，几乎没有完成某种任务(譬如航拍)的能力，与大疆等无人机相比，只是外形相似而已。”
当然，“不排除很多厂家和商家有意将无人机和玩具四轴飞机混为一谈，”上海飞行者俱乐部负责人庄壮告诉记者，淘宝上那些千元以下的“无人机”生产厂商，大部分此前都是玩具模型厂商，近一年多来，由于无人机概念在市场上炒得很热，他们看到了商机，“在我看来，真正无人机的入门款，售价至少都在3000元以上。”
“飞着飞着就没了”
“之前出过一个小事故，一个巴掌大的无人机，飞行过后放在那里，仅仅因为没有关电源，它就自燃起来。”上海皓翌模型负责人曹佳(化名)告诉记者，相比较大疆、零度、亿航这些专业的无人机，几百元的“无人机”确实有价格优势，但由此引发的安全问题更需要重视，“比如价格低廉的无人机常引发因电池短路而突然断电的状况。”
飞虹路店里，最便宜的无人机售价为380元。每当有客人提出购买无人机时，除购买价格达到几千元的“高档货”时店主会手把手教学外，那些售价只有几百元的“玩具”，店主更多只是口头告知一些使用经验。“曾经有个客户第一天刚买了这架380元的，第二天又买了一个，问他什么原因，他说昨天试飞，飞太远找不回来了。”无人机店主有些无奈，“虽然机器标明有一键返航的系统，但大多时候是不灵的。”
回不来的“无人机”损失并不完全在于经济。在淘宝的售后评价里，很多用户写下了自己的使用体验。由于电池续航能力欠佳，低价“无人机”的续航时间大多只有10分钟，但在飞行高度上，却能达到100多米。一旦电池耗尽，从100米高度坠落下来，虽然重量只有1000克左右，但也相当于30层楼高空坠物，对地面人员造成的危险不言而喻。
“在这点上，成本较高的无人机做得都很完善，为了保证安全，真正的无人机通常具备避障、GPS定位、气压计定高、记录航点、一键返航、电池自动检测发出警报等等功能，基本上会在三维角度去保障机器的安全性。”庄壮表示，“无人机最值钱的就是软件和它的芯片，大疆等大厂商会在飞控系统、图传技术等等投入较高的成本开发，几百元左右的低价款基本上不会在这块有投入。”
操作手是“安全关键人”
既然便宜的“无人机”不能买，几千元的无人机是不是就可以放心进入家庭呢？答案是，不。
多名无人机爱好者告诉记者，除了产品本身质量问题外，人工操作失误带来的危险性更大。郭春是一名大四的学生，无人机已经玩了2年，平时会在学校的足球场上进行试飞。有一次，他在试飞时，眼神的余光竟然看到一个螺旋桨在天空向自己飘来，他还未来得及反应，“嘭”的一声，一架四旋翼的无人机坠毁在脚边。“3公斤的东西啊！”郭春心里直发虚，“太险了，我当时正在操控自己的飞机，根本不能大范围地跳开。”
庄壮告诉记者，“一些新手买回来无人机，说明书还没看透，转身就把飞机推上了天，加上操作不熟，新手特别容易炸机(飞机坠毁)。”一次安全的试飞要经过多角度的考量。首先是找一个空旷场所，500米范围内没有人；其次，为不干扰飞行，要选择无线干扰较少的环境；再者，就是预估飞行的航线，一定要避开诸如化学物品仓库等危险场所。当然，最重要的是，一定要做好试飞前的无人机安全检查。
近一年来，由于无人机“黑飞”频频引发安全事故，要求对无人机进行监管的呼声越来越高。2015年12月29日，国家民航局正式发布《轻小型无人机运行(试行)规定》，将7公斤以下无人机纳入监管范围，并以重量为准线，将无人机划分为0-1.5公斤，1.5公斤到7公斤两类。同样在去年年底，民航局还组织制定了《使用民用无人驾驶航空器系统开展通用航空经营活动管理暂行办法》(征求意见稿)，要求无人机驾驶员必须取得适航许可，按相关规定在执照、合格证、等级、训练等方面符合要求才允许飞行。该规定曾计划于2月正式实施，但由于争议过多，至今仍未正式出台。
2016年3月4日，中国民用航空局飞行标准司正式批准轻小型无人机监管系统“优云(U-Cloud)”实施运行。据悉，该系统主要针对7(空机重量)—150公斤(起飞全重)、飞行高度150米以下运行与作业的无人机。另外，7公斤以下，在视距外、人口稠密区、重点地域飞行的无人机也被纳入监管范围。
各地在2015年均推出了无人机驾照考试制度。上海无人机操纵考试参与人数28人，通过率仅60%。而根据AOPA(中国航空器拥有者及驾驶员协会)发布的《2015年中国无人机报告》显示，共颁发无人机驾驶员合格证1250人，其中多旋翼933人。全国人大代表、科大讯飞创始人刘庆峰曾在媒体透露，2015年，无人机出货量达到430万台。不过上海多家无人机俱乐部对“驾照”的态度都颇为模糊，“它就像职业资格证一样，但是我们大部分操作者都是爱好者，感觉没有考证必要。”郭春曾经咨询过更为专业的AOPA考试(中国航空器拥有者及驾驶员协会)，“培训机构收费15000元，太贵了。”
同样的规定还不适用于玩具，“玩具四轴飞行器没有自主飞行能力，并不适用该规定。”曹佳告诉记者，其实即使有相关法规加以规范，但是执行起来有一定的难度，“比如说，实名制购买无人机的要求便很难实现。”