How big is the mobile phone universal credit? Information on United Nations-United Nations-IT was moved

For humanitarian organizations, one of the biggest difficulties is unable to locate the affected countries or regions in which the exact location. But if you want to better carry out humanitarian work, must know who is a disaster, and affected how and what people need, and we need to quickly get the information.

In the design and implementation of life rescue work, the importance of access to information. But for the most part, it is difficult to gather relevant information, because we are unable to successfully link to the front of the affected area or people in underdeveloped areas. In some remote areas, such as Syria, Iraq, Somalia, southern Sudan and Northern parts of the Sahel, where people not only afflicted by disaster, more painful is that nobody in the world knows they′re in dire straits.

However, technological innovation has the ability to fill this gap. We know that mobile phones worldwide support network traffic volume rising, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, annual growth rate up to 20% a mobile handset. Therefore, mobile survey technology is changing the way we collect information .

The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) has been for humanitarian organizations to provide vulnerability analysis and location services. In 2013, under the Innovation Fund of humanitarian support, the world food programme has launched mVam project to potential audience--call phones or send text messages to collect data on food safety. On their hands is the most common mobile phone, you can answer the phone without high-end smart phone support or relatively expensive data package.

To cite an example, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, refugees Agnes Niyanzira received the monthly telephone survey, answer some questions, such as what she and her six children to eat.

MVam project is developing very fast: has now expanded to 15 countries, next step is supporting 30 countries .

Mobile research costs are low, and quickly helped me understand what victims need.?In the Congo, sample relative to the person face to face, the cost of using mobile phone survey to collect data only half that of the former. Conduct a nationwide survey in Malawi, for example, can be completed within 24 hours, while the same work might take a few weeks.

These surveys help the world food programme through better resource allocation decisions. In Iraq, people are able to live an Barr, tell us what happened in the siege, we will give priority to food to the most needy people. Ebola virus crisis last year, SMS research to help the world food programme in infection tracking food security in the region, employees need not personally reaching out to countries at risk. Over the lack of presence in areas, now research data obtained through the mobile phone, can also direct access to the victims of the situation there.

Of course, new technology also poses some problems. Poor people can rarely use your phone while in the Middle East, sometimes also limit women′s use of cell phones. Network operators may close in a number of war zones and communication services. Field personnel are sometimes difficult to handle mobile research generated by the sheer volume of data traffic. In addition, privacy is a primary concern of the research problem, the world food programme to upgrade their data storage systems, and also remove some sensitive data that may identify an individual.

For now, the mobile research is only a means of data collection.?Using aerial image and crowdsourced data collection can also help humanitarian organizations to monitor dangerous/remote areas. However, as more and more people use the messaging application, as well as free 3G (for example Facebook Zero), increasing the range of services, we will make it easier to interact with the affected people. Next, we will get more data, while administrative data also will face an even greater challenge, so now must set the right workflow.

Lucia Casarin/WFP

Now, what way? First of all, we need to focus on privacy issues, and related firms for meaningful cooperation and we also supported by network operators, mobile local roaming support in disaster areas, provides a free SIM card. In addition, SMS application should allow humanitarian organizations to build their own proprietary systems. These techniques allow a seamless connection to the humanitarian agencies and victims, regardless of what type of App you use. Ultimately, humanitarian organizations also need enough resources to help the victims.

In fact, the humanitarian agencies, need to actively embrace change, through a more secure system, and strengthening the consciousness of employees actively collecting data in the disaster area.

手机普及功劳有多大？联合国都被感动了 - 联合国 - IT资讯

对于人道主义组织而言，最大的一个困难，就是无法定位到受灾区在哪个国家或地区的具体位置。但如果想更好地开展人道工作，就必须得知道谁受到灾难侵袭，受灾程度如何，以及灾民需要些什么，而且，我们需要快速获得这些信息。

在设计及执行生命救援工作时，获取信息的重要性不言而喻。但大多数时候，我们很难收集到相关信息，因为我们无法顺利联系到前线受灾地区或不发达地区的人。而在一些落后的偏远地区，比如叙利亚，伊拉克，索马里，南苏丹和北萨赫勒部分地区，那里的人不仅要受到灾难的折磨，更痛苦的是，世界上没人知道他们身处在水深火热之中。

不过，技术创新有能力填补这一空白。我们知道，全球支持网络通讯的移动手机量在不断上涨，特别是撒哈拉以南的非洲地区，移动手机年增长率可达20%。因此，移动调研技术正在改变我们收集信息的方式。

联合国世界粮食计划署（WFP）一直在为人道主义组织提供弱点分析和定位服务。2013年，在人道主义创新基金的支持下，世界粮食计划署推出了mVam项目——向潜在受众群拨打电话或发送短信，以收集食品安全数据。这些人手上都是最普通的手机，可以接听电话，无需高端智能手机支持，也不用相对昂贵的数据流量套餐服务。

举个例子，在刚果民主共和国，难民Agnes Niyanzira每月都会收到这样的电话调研，回答一些相关问题，比如她和自己的六个孩子吃了些什么。

mVam项目发展的非常快：现在已经拓展到了15个国家，下一步计划是支持30个国家。

移动调研成本很低，也能更快地让我了解到灾民们需要些什么。在刚果，相对于亲自面对面采样，利用移动手机调研收集数据的成本只有前者的一半。 比如在马拉维进行一次全国范围内的调研，24小时之内即可完成，而过去相同的工作可能需要花费数周时间。

这些调研帮助世界粮食计划署更好地做出资源分配决策。在伊拉克，人们能够实时告诉我们安巴尔围城里发生了什么状况，我们因此可以优先将食物送给最需要的人。去年埃博拉病毒危机发生，短信调研帮助世界粮食计划署在病毒感染区内追踪食品安全，员工也无需亲自深入到疫情国家冒风险。过去一些无法进驻的地区，现在通过手机调研获得的数据，也能直接了解到那里的灾民情况。

当然，新技术也带来了一些问题。贫穷的人们很少能使用手机，而在中东地区，有时也会限制女性使用手机。网络运营商可能会在一些战争地区关闭通讯服务。外勤人员有时也很难处理移动调研所产生的庞大数据流量。此外，被调研者的隐私保护也一直是大家关注的问题，世界粮食计划署因此升级了他们的数据存储系统，还删除了一些可能识别个人的敏感数据。

现在来看，移动调研只是数据收集的一个手段。利用航拍图像和众包数据收集同样能帮助人道主义组织监测危险/偏远地区。 不过，随着越来越多人使用消息应用，以及免费3G（比如Facebook Zero）的服务范围越来越大，我们将更容易和受灾群众进行交互。未来，我们会获得更多数据，同时在管理数据问题上也会遇到更大挑战，所以现在必须要建立一套正确的工作流程。

Lucia Casarin/WFP

那么，有什么好方法吗？首先，我们需要关注隐私问题，和相关公司进行有意义的合作；同时，我们还要获得网络运营商的支持，在受灾区支持移动本地漫游、提供免费的SIM卡。此外，短消息应用应该允许人道主义组织建立自己的专属系统。这些手段都能让人道主义机构和灾民建立无缝连接，不管他们使用什么类型的App应用。最终，人道主义组织还需要足够的资源为灾民提供帮助。

事实上，对人道主义机构而言，必须要积极拥抱改变，通过更加安全的系统和强化员工意识，积极收集灾区数据。