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published in(发表于) 2016/3/28 6:13:58
Hainan vegetable markets were monopolies in 16 Spring Festival a catty of vegetables highest selling 50 Yuan

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Hainan vegetable markets were monopolies in 16 Chinese new year dishes highest selling 50 Yuan a catty | | vegetable prices in Hainan _ news

Xinhua News Agency, Haikou, March 28-problem: excessive prices in Hainan Province for more than 10 years, "food fighter" inside story revealed how many strange things


Xinhua reporter Liu Changlin, Wu Maohui


A vegetable wholesale market in Hainan, dominance for 16 years, troubles rising vegetable prices. This should have been sealed up the food market, government departments can only fine, on the grounds that not found "double", if forced to close, will cause the prices to be charged. Recently, the paradox caused due to high prices in Hainan cuisine, thought-provoking.


Hainan is known as "garden in the South" but price Department data show, Hainan vegetable prices across the country continued at a high level in recent years. Why the high vegetable prices turned out to be a local "long-standing" livelihood issues?


  16 a single, special investigation uncovered "food fighter" shady


A kilo of food up to 50 Yuan, the lowest it will take more than 10 Yuan; "I only eat meat, not self-willed, because there are already can′t afford dishes! "The monkey before the Spring Festival, Hainan vegetable prices soared. Hainan Province set up an emergency task force, deployed over more than 300 business people, into the island of Taiwan′s sole vegetable wholesale market--North-South Road vegetable wholesale market investigation of Haikou.


Is such a market, wholesale vegetable market share accounted for more than 75% of Hainan Province.


It is understood that the Haikou South Road vegetable wholesale market building in 2001, easy in use, although there are more than 300 stalls in the market, but can operate large vegetable stalls only 49 in the provinces, run by 33 primary wholesalers. Other vegetables all operators in the provinces of Hainan Island vegetables from these stalls are required to purchase.


As the task force investigation progressed, the market′s problems are one by one opened.


--Not enough. Wholesalers at the part level wrapper and vegetables have said for a long time, pricing. 4-8 kg ice bottle weight each dish sold at food prices in conjunction with secondary wholesalers. For more of the latter the cost through the layers onto, and finally borne by the consumers.


--Price-gouging. According to the Commerce Department survey since January 2016, parts wholesalers in the course of operating a wholesale vegetable, and in 2015 compared to the annual average, in the case of no significant change in operating costs, net profit margin significantly increased in some one-day gain for more than 27 times, constitute price-gouging offence.


--Restrict competition. Internally, to sign the lease contract of the opening of the market, limit each stall operating vegetable varieties, clear scope, limit competition between each other, cured of interest. Externally, the market is squeezing out competitors through improper means.


--Illegal charges. June 2015, the market to start a company to use its dominance of the big market share alone, without the approval of relevant functional departments, requires entering the market pull on the tricycle must be registered by the United brand and collect management fees, pedicabs 250 Yuan a month per vehicle, electric tricycle every 400 Yuan.


--Financial chaos. In business, and market the company′s financial management, operating revenues and expenditures that are not accurately recorded in accordance with law. For 16 years, and at all levels of the market wholesalers did not establish the standard account. Opened between wholesalers, wholesalers and market among all the financial transactions are paid directly in cash, not accounted for. Various stalls within the market issued by State subsidies and various kinds of fees are also not accounted for.


For the North-South Road vegetable wholesale market problems, the business sector said "wholesale vegetable market management, increase the burden of wholesale and retail business, becoming one of the important reasons of rising vegetable prices" and "staged" on the eve of market wholesalers and 33 Home foreclosure 303 respectively. 3.15 million Yuan and 828. It′s $ 290,000.


  Vegetables out livelihood issues "long-standing", "southern garden" exposed the contradiction


Hainan, known as "garden in the South", and why are vegetables appeared on numerous contradictions between supply and demand? Reporters learned that local off-season vegetable self-sufficiency rate was only about 40%, season of self-sufficiency is only 60%. Secondly, the Hainan because of its unique climatic conditions, high leaf vegetable cultivation costs, agricultural enterprises, farmers choose to grow more vegetables, large leafy vegetables from the island, added. Outward redeployment of Hainan Island into the amount of vegetables each year about 800,000 tons, the province′s annual vegetable consumption 47%.


"There are serious seasonal local vegetable and structural defects. "The Deputy Director of the Department of Commerce of Hainan Li Longsheng said that in 2012, the provincial government and the province′s 18 cities (counties) were signed long basket of responsibility, 13. 80,000 acres of year-round vegetable base construction in target decomposition to the cities and counties. Accomplish this goal, the island vegetable self-sufficiency rate can reach 70%, but from the fact, all cities and counties are not full.


From the perspective of demand, demand for vegetables in Hainan residents basically stable, but during the winter tourist season, millions of visitors and millions of "migratory bird" crowds pouring into Hainan, Hainan vegetable demand increased dramatically in the short term, resulting in larger price fluctuations.


Circulation in the Middle, except wholesale links retail market at the end of construction defect is also an important cause of high vegetable prices. Late last year, Haikou has set up its first State-owned public welfare basket company. Fu Mingquan, Chairman of the company said: "retail space is unreasonable, dot not consistent with city size and population size is the total end of the problem. "According to him, currently in the 78 farmers ′ market in the city of Haikou, only 9 State-owned and the remaining are private.


"The increase in demand on the one hand, on the other hand acute shortage of supply in the island, into the island′s vegetable wholesale is a private company market, coupled with inadequate supervision, price not be high? "The province of Hainan Provincial CPPCC members, Federation General Secretary huanglang said.


  Investigating the enterprises are unable to draw a full stop, "the visible hand" play a role in the


On the market and stalls over tens of millions of Yuan in connection with penalty unable to let things end on this. Chen Kai said that to strictly enforce the law, should be revoked, seized in connection with the stalls. But only a wholesale vegetable market, closed today, tomorrow, where people go to buy food?


"Hainan special economic zone has been almost 30 years, building skyscrapers, office buildings abound, but as a basis for the livelihood of most of the wholesale vegetable market were alike for many years. "Chen Kai, the Secretary of industry and Commerce of Hainan province said," we should reflect on the basket building what′s wrong? ”


"Heavy penalties, but falling vegetable prices in Hainan began." Experts believe that strengthening the Hainan "vegetable basket" project, efforts to expand the effective supply of vegetable market, build more vegetable market competition mechanism and rationalize the vegetable market circulation system inside and outside the island, was more critical.


Rural Development Institute of Chinese Academy of social sciences researcher Lee Kwok Cheung believes that to strengthen the supply side of the supply of vegetables in Hainan, in addition to considering set up production bases in other provinces, matchmaking channels directly, locally also should expand and ensure maximum production. Farmers should land circulation and scale operation to grow quality vegetables, its production and sale through the Government and the market to protect.


Kwok Cheung Lee suggested that for a basic vegetable, especially local residents more stable demand for vegetables in Hainan, the Government should by way of market insurance, reduce price volatility, and through the policy insurance of farmers income.


School of political science and public administration, Hainan University Associate Professor Zhang Kongxiang recommended vegetable problems relating to people′s livelihood, basket of municipal County responsibility to implement, it is necessary to strengthen the assessment and accountability in this regard.


In circulation, experts suggested that the rational distribution of public markets and increasing sales outlets, opened Island vegetables into the green channel, reducing foreign vegetable transportation and distribution costs. And new or modified 1-2 Government-led public large agricultural products wholesale market, reversing the situation of dominance as soon as possible. "Non-profit State-owned enterprises should assume corresponding responsibilities, especially vegetable contradiction between supply and demand in the market of touch, when price fluctuations. "Fu Mingquan said. (End)


Responsible editor: Wang Hao


Article keywords:
Hainan cuisine
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海南蔬菜市场遭垄断16年 春节一斤菜最高卖50元|海南|菜价_新闻资讯

  新华社海口3月28日电题:海南菜价畸高十多年 “菜霸”黑幕揭开几多怪事


  新华社记者柳昌林、吴茂辉


  海南一家蔬菜批发市场,16年来一家独大,问题重重助涨菜价。这家本应被查封的菜霸市场,政府主管部门却只能罚款了事,理由是找不到“替身”,若强行关闭,将导致菜价更不可控。最近,发生在海南因高价菜引起的咄咄怪事,发人深思。


  海南虽号称中国“南菜园”,但物价部门数据显示,近几年海南蔬菜价格在全国持续处于高位。菜价畸高为何竟成了当地“老大难”的民生问题?


  16年一家独大,专项调查揭开“菜霸”黑幕


  一斤菜最高的50元,最低的也要10多元;“春节我只吃肉,不是任性,是因为已经吃不起菜了!”猴年春节前夕,海南菜价一路飙升。海南省紧急成立专案组,抽调300多名工商人员,对全省唯一的进岛蔬菜批发市场--海口南北蔬菜批发市场立案调查。


  就是这样一个市场,蔬菜批发交易市场份额占到了海南全省的75%以上。


  据了解,海口南北蔬菜批发市场于2001年易地建设投入使用,市场虽有300多个摊位,但可经营外省蔬菜的大型档口只有49个,由33家一级批发商经营。海南岛内其他蔬菜经营者经营的所有外省蔬菜,均需从这些档口采购。


  随着专案组调查的深入,这家市场的问题被一一揭开。


  --缺斤短两。部分一级批发商长期将包装皮和蔬菜一起过称、计价。每箱菜多出4-8斤冰瓶重量一并按菜价卖给二级批发商。后者为此多承担的成本通过层层转嫁,最后由消费者承担。


  --哄抬物价。据工商部门调查,2016年1月以来,部分批发商在经营蔬菜批发过程中,与2015年全年度平均利润相比,在经营成本没有明显变化的情况下,纯利润率明显增长,有的单日涨幅竟超过27倍,已经构成哄抬物价的违法行为。


  --限制竞争。对内,该市场的开办者以签订租赁合同的方式,限定了每个档口经营的蔬菜品种,明确经营范围,限制彼此之间的竞争,固化利益共同体。对外,该市场以不正当手段排挤竞争对手。


  --违规收费。2015年6月起,市场开办公司利用其市场份额独大的支配地位,未经相关职能部门批准,要求凡进入市场拉货的三轮车必须由其统一登记上牌和收取管理费,其中人力三轮车每辆每月250元,电动三轮车每辆400元。


  --财务混乱。在经营中,市场开办公司财务管理混乱,经营收支未依法如实入账。16年来,市场开办者和各级批发商一直没有建立标准台账。批发商之间、批发商与市场开办者之间所有的资金往来,都以现金方式直接打包支付,没有入账。针对市场内各个档口所发放的国家补贴及各种收费项目也没有入账。


  针对南北蔬菜批发市场存在的问题,工商部门称“蔬菜批发市场的管理混乱,加重了批发零售商的负担,成为蔬菜价格上涨的重要原因之一”,并于“3·15”前夕对市场开办者和33家批发商分别罚没303.315万元和828.29万元。


  菜价牵出民生问题“老大难”,“南菜园”暴露供需矛盾


  海南号称中国“南菜园”,为何却在蔬菜上出现重重供需矛盾?记者调查了解到,本地蔬菜淡季自给率仅为40%左右,旺季自给率也只有60%上下。其次,海南因其独特气候条件,叶菜种植成本偏高,农企、农民更多选择种植瓜菜,大量叶菜需从岛外补充。每年海南从岛外调入的蔬菜总量约80万吨,占全省全年蔬菜消费量的47%。


  “本地蔬菜存在严重的季节性和结构性缺陷。”海南省商务厅副厅长李龙生说,2012年省政府与全省18个市(县)长签订了菜篮子责任状,将13.8万亩常年蔬菜基地建设目标分解到各市县。完成了这个目标,本岛蔬菜自给率就能达到70%,但从掌握的实际情况看,各市县都没有种满。


  从需求看,海南常住居民对蔬菜的需求量基本稳定,但是,在冬季旅游旺季,上千万游客以及上百万“候鸟”人群涌入海南,让海南蔬菜的需求量在短期内急剧增加,造成菜价较大波动。


  从中间流通环节看,除了批发环节,零售末端的市场建设缺陷也是菜价偏高的重要原因。去年底,海口成立了首家国有公益性菜篮子公司。该公司董事长符明全说:“零售网点空间布局不合理,网点总量与城市规模和人口规模不相符是末端的问题。”据他介绍,目前海口全市78家农贸市场中,只有9家属于国有,其余均为民营。 


  “一方面需求量大增,另一方面岛内供给严重不足,进岛蔬菜批发又被一家私企市场垄断,加上监管不力,菜价岂能不高?”海南省政协委员、省工商联秘书长黄琅说。


  查处企业无法画句号,“有形之手”更该发挥作用


  对市场开办者及涉案档口逾千万元的罚款无法让事情就此画上句号。陈楷说,若要严格执法,应该吊销其营业执照,查封涉案档口。但全省蔬菜批发市场独此一家,今天关闭了,明天市民到哪里买菜?


  “海南建省办经济特区已经快30年了,建的高楼大厦、楼堂馆所比比皆是,但是作为民生最基础的蔬菜批发市场却多年一个样。”海南省工商局长陈楷说,“我们是否应该反思菜篮子建设出了哪些问题?”


  “重罚,只是海南降菜价的开始”。专家认为,加强海南“菜篮子”工程建设,努力扩大蔬菜市场有效供给,建立更充分的蔬菜市场竞争机制,理顺岛内外蔬菜市场的流通体系,则显得更为关键。


  中国社会科学院农村发展研究所研究员李国祥认为,海南要加强供给端的蔬菜供给,除了可考虑在外省设立生产基地,直接建立产销对接渠道外,在本地也应该最大程度扩大和确保生产。农民自身应该通过土地流转、规模经营来种植优质蔬菜,其生产和销售应通过政府和市场来保障。


  李国祥建议,对于基础性蔬菜,特别是海南本地居民需求量比较稳定的蔬菜,政府应该通过市场保险的方式,平复价格波动,并通过政策性保险保障农民的收益。 


  海南大学政治与公共管理学院副教授张孔祥建议,蔬菜问题关乎百姓民生,菜篮子市县长负责制要落到实处,就必须加强在这方面的考核和问责力度。


  在流通领域,专家建议,应合理布局公益市场和增加销售网点,开通岛外蔬菜进岛绿色通道,降低外来蔬菜运输和流通成本。同时新建或改造1-2个由政府主导的公益性大型农副产品批发市场,尽快扭转一家独大的现状。“公益性的国有企业在这方面应承担起相应的责任,尤其在市场蔬菜供求矛盾脱节,价格波动大的时候。”符明全说。(完)


责任编辑:王浩成


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