Barrage is too dirty too sleazy, experts must review-dodging, b station, a railway station-IT information
Vulgar "barrage" reflected a situation of China's network culture: vulgarity prevails.
Internet culture and the rule of law, through the strengthening of cultural legislation, strengthening cultural guide, prompted the user to raise literacy and legal literacy, and also make the network platform yourself.
Recently, the success of a documentary I'm repairing cultural relics in the Palace Museum network. The documentary "net red" platform is a "barrage" features video site BiliBlili. Web sites with "barrage" lets users feel craftsman spirit at the same time, can also have a sense of audio-video synchronization, and have more fun.
Interactive, entertainment, dating, "barrage" as well as other Internet technology, gives users a different experience. However, the "barrage", as the legendary perfect?
Reporters found that crazy "barrage" comments, vulgar and infringing content has appeared, is a wanton rampage network vulgar culture behind it.
Vulgar "barrage" or related torts
"Barrage" is derived from Japan ACG reviews, comments like shells in the movie flying through the screen.
With the rapid development of the Internet industry, which initially in AcFun and BiliBlili, "barrage" fiery comments mode on the video website quickly spread, had defrauded the public, many video sites are introducing "barrage" feature, and giving the user selector switch "barrage function" right. "Barrage" reviews of personal expression into group interaction, build up a network of young cultural ecology, sought after by young people.
However, in hot pursuit, the "barrage" there have been some problems.
Recently, a female anchor in a networking platform for live broadcast, by netizens "barrage" like that. This user requirements anchorwoman for vacuum packed dance. Anchor change into a black off-the-shoulder dress dancing in front of the camera, but user does not meet, and frequently use vulgar "barrage" crowding the screen finally anchor called crying.
Reporters found that in a number of video sites, similar to the vulgar "barrage" comments there are many.
According to insiders, the current "barrage" crowd mostly after the after, 00. BiliBlili website, for example, the site membership, only to become a member you can send "barrage", but the membership application must be done within 60 minutes of 100 road and animation-related topics, if not the anime very understanding person, it is difficult to finish the task, so the main user groups focused on after the after, 00. After the 00, one of the features is to question authority, after suspected rules, the phrase "what" often instant speechless, they launched the "barrage" is reckless, what they wanted to say.
"The ' barrage ' of audiences and users mainly after the, after focusing specifically on 95, they are willing to communicate with others, eager to get someone's attention. They send the ' barrage ', although most are rational, but also emotional and radical rhetoric. In real life, they may not have a special language, but is not necessarily the case in cyberspace. "Deputy says Zhu Wei, Director of the Center for studies of CUPL propagation method.
Vulgar "barrage" of harm is obvious.
" Every citizen has the right to freedom, this is our basic constitutional rights. But ' barrages ' was published in a public space, everyone can see that publishing in the public space of the expression should abide by the law and public order and good custom, vulgar remarks will affect the other user's experience. "The Faculty of law, school of political scinence and law Ning Zheng, the Deputy Director said that for the" barrage "object to which it is concerned, may infringe upon their rights such as the right to dignity or reputation .
Wen Wang Sixin, Vice Minister of the Ministry of law, communication University of China also believes that users publishing vulgar content if the scope of the prohibition of the dissemination, then users must bear the responsibility. User if they feel their rights have been violated, you can also save the evidence report to relevant government departments, such as to report to the police or to the courts .
Release threshold needs to be improved
Reporters in the interview that, most of the current college students looking "barrage" Web site and "danmaku" crowd of younger trend of middle school students and even some high grade primary school students have joined in. BiliBlili website, for example, the station all year round active users of about 200,000 people, including elementary and middle school students account for a large proportion.
"Barrage" population characteristics of low age, Ning Zheng believes that this will form another hazard, vulgar "barrage" speech will affect the healthy growth of minors . "The ' barrages ' needs some review mechanisms, on the one hand for purifying the network environment considerations; on the other hand, minors, see the vulgar comments is not appropriate. Should the ' curtain ' set the threshold? This issue needs to be discussed. "
How to raise the threshold, to strengthening them? Ning Zheng said: "first, must real name registered, such easy timely found those published vulgar or infringement speech of people, easy take related measures; second, to signed agreement, is in registered Shi to let user signed a agreement, clear told user some basic bottom line; third, established online complaints mechanism, such easy users found problem Hou timely to network platform reported, network platform also to timely made processing. ”
Ning Zheng said that for now, management of vulgar "barrage" is the most effective way to strengthen self-discipline of the network platform, strengthen self management. For example, vulgar remarks to account once given warning, more than twice will cancel the qualification of their statements, if more than a certain number of times to give deal with, among other measures. The other hand, to enhance the education of users, including school education, family education and social education in order to improve the quality of user.
Zhu Wei suggested that should the "barrage" sets the threshold for three: one is the technical threshold, is the keywords screen. Because the "barrage" is mainly and images combined with many Web platform did not make stronger supervision. Platform first to shield some keywords, such as advertising, obscenity, pornography, violence and other key words to be shielded; second, the threshold in the system, network platform should have an internal control system. For example, build problem notifications, deleted, online reporting mechanism, such mechanisms should Association or related departments via the Internet; the third is the cultural level, network vulgarity is now a widespread phenomenon, such as verbal abuse, physical attacks have become particularly popular on the network.
Vulgar attack on the network space
Sociologists say, each behind a social phenomenon involves two aspects, namely positive functions and negative features. Is the case of the Internet, changing the way people work and the social phenomenon of negative emotions, cultural vulgarity by network amplifier.
"Vulgar ' barrages ' reflected a situation of China's network culture: vulgarity prevails. "Zhu Wei said.
Network vulgar language promulgated by the people's daily online monitoring of public opinion survey found that Internet language letter not only disturbed the goodwill and collapse discussion platform for the Exchange and its coarse, hostility to each other with the social reality enveloped, but also have a negative effect on overall sentiment of the community. Purify the network environment is to culture, social levels to create Internet users the comfort of life. Since we abandoned the so-called "bury mother in, tasting muck worried" the cultural dregs, naturally, should not accept "forced" and "Niggaz" era of cultural accumulation, not to refer to the body organs attacked abusive erosion of mainstream public opinion.
Vulgar Internet culture and transmit positive energy, carrying forward the truth runs counter to the requirements of the times and vulgar as the popular, use gimmicks as a selling point, its harm deep must prevent. In this case, how to prevent network erosion and disturbance of low culture?
Zhu Wei believes that now flood the Internet "network red" versus low culture not to block, but are mutually reinforcing and, therefore, should strengthen legislation on culture.
"The legalization of the culture of the Internet. At present, the legislation on culture is not much, or too little promotion law. We should strengthen cultural legislation, strengthening cultural guide, prompted the user to raise literacy and legal literacy, and also make the network platform yourself. "Zhu Wei said.
Links
"Barrage" video system comes from Japan barrage of video-sharing sites (NicoNico animation), first introduced in China for the AcFun and later the bilibili. Due to substantial ridicule comments from floating out of the screen looks like a flight shooting game "barrage", so users that have a lot of ridicule when comments appear is called "barrage".
"Bullets" can give the audience a "live interactive" illusion, although different "barrage" time difference on the sending, but only appeared in the video in a specific point in time, so at the same time sending "barrage" basically the same theme, will participate in reviews with other viewers while comments of illusion.
弹幕太污太低俗，专家：必须审查 - 弹幕,B站,A站 - IT资讯
低俗“弹幕”反映出来我国网络文化的一种现状：低俗化盛行。
互联网文化要法治化，应通过加强文化立法，加强文化方面的引导，促使网友提升文化素养、法治素养，也促使网络平台管好自己。
最近，纪录片《我在故宫修文物》走红网络。这部纪录片成为“网红”的平台，是带有“弹幕”功能的视频网站BiliBlili。网站附带的“弹幕”功能让网友在感受工匠精神的同时，也能产生视听同步感，获得更多乐趣。
互动、娱乐、交友，“弹幕”如同其他互联网新技术一样，带给用户不一样的体验。然而，“弹幕”真如传说般完美吗?
记者调查发现，在疯狂“弹幕”评论中，低俗乃至侵权内容时有出现，其背后则是网络低俗文化恣意横行。
低俗“弹幕”或涉侵权
“弹幕”，是一种源自日本ACG的评论方式，指评论像炮弹一样在观影画面上飞速而过。
随着互联网行业飞速发展，这种最初在AcFun和BiliBlili等“弹幕”视频网站上火热的评论模式迅速蔓延，已经从小众迈向大众，目前很多视频网站都引进“弹幕”功能，并给予用户选择开关“弹幕功能”的权利。“弹幕”评论方式将个人化的表达转化为群体互动，构建起一个年轻的文化生态网络，受到年轻人的追捧。
然而，在追捧声中，“弹幕”的使用也出现了一些问题。
近日，一名女主播在某网络平台直播时，遭网友发“弹幕”调戏。这名网友要求女主播换真空装跳舞。女主播换上一件黑色露肩裙在镜头前热舞，但网友并不满足，仍频繁在用低俗“弹幕”刷屏，最后竟将女主播骂哭。
记者发现，在一些视频网站，类似低俗的“弹幕”评论还有不少。
据业内人士介绍，目前“弹幕”的使用人群多为90后、00后。以BiliBlili网站为例，该网站实行会员制，只有成为会员才能发送“弹幕”，但申请会员必须要在60分钟内做完100道与动漫有关的题目，如果不是对动漫非常了解的人，很难完成这项任务，因此其主要用户群集中在90后、00后。而90后、00后的一大特点就是质疑权威、怀疑规则，一句“凭什么”常常让人瞬间哑口无言，他们发起“弹幕”来也是肆无忌惮，想说什么就发什么。
“‘弹幕’的受众和用户主要是90后，特别集中在95后，他们愿意与人交流，渴望得到别人的关注。在他们发送的‘弹幕’中，虽然大多数是理性的表述，但也不乏发泄情绪和过激言论。在现实生活中，他们可能没有出格的语言表达，但在网络空间中就不一定了。”中国政法大学传播法研究中心副主任朱巍说。
低俗“弹幕”的危害也是显而易见的。
“每个公民都享有言论自由，这是宪法赋予我们的基本权利。但‘弹幕’是发布在公共空间的，每个人都可以看到，发布在公共空间的言论需要遵守法律和公序良俗，低俗言论会影响到其他用户的体验。”中国传媒大学政治与法律学院法律系副主任郑宁说，对于“弹幕”指向的对象而言，可能侵犯到他们的人格尊严或名誉权等权益。
中国传媒大学文法学部副部长王四新也认为，网友发布的低俗内容如果属于禁止传播的范畴，那么网友要承担相应责任。用户如果觉得自己的权益受到侵犯，也可以保存证据向相关部门举报，比如向公安机关举报或者到法院起诉。
发布门槛有待提高
记者在采访中了解到，目前在校大学生大多都浏览过“弹幕”网站，而且“弹幕”使用人群有低龄化趋势，中学生甚至一些小学高年级学生也加入其中。以BiliBlili网站为例，该站常年的活跃用户在20万人左右，其中中小学生占很大比重。
对于“弹幕”使用人群低龄化的特点，郑宁认为，这会形成另一个危害，低俗“弹幕”言论会影响未成年人健康成长。“‘弹幕’需要一定的审查机制，一方面是出于净化网络环境的考虑；另一方面，对未成年人而言，看这些低俗评论是不合适的。是不是应该对‘弹幕’设置一定的门槛？这一问题需要讨论”。
如何提高门槛、加强监管？郑宁说:“第一，必须实名注册，这样便于及时发现那些发表低俗或者侵权言论的人，便于采取相关措施；第二，要签署协议，就是在注册时要让用户签署一个协议，明确告诉用户一些基本底线；第三，建立在线投诉机制，这样便于网友发现问题后及时向网络平台举报，网络平台也要及时做出处理。”
郑宁表示，从目前来看，管理低俗“弹幕”最有效的方式就是加强网络平台的自律，加强自我管理。比如，对发表低俗言论的账号，发表一次给予警告处分，两次以上就取消其发言资格，如果超过一定次数可以给予封号处理等措施。另一方面，还要加强对网友的教育，这里包括学校的教育、家庭的教育、社会的教育，以此提高网友素质。
朱巍建议，应该对“弹幕”设置三个门槛：一是技术上的门槛，就是进行关键词屏蔽。由于“弹幕”主要是和画面配合，许多网络平台并没有进行比较强的监管。平台首先要对一些关键词进行屏蔽，比如对广告、淫秽、色情、暴力等关键词予以屏蔽；二是制度上的门槛，网络平台应该有一个内控机制。比如，建立出现问题通知删除、在线举报等相应机制，这种机制应通过互联网协会或者相关部门审核；第三就是文化层面，现在网络低俗文化已经是一个普遍现象，比如在网络上谩骂、人身攻击已经变得特别普遍。
低俗化侵蚀网络空间
社会学家认为，每一种社会现象的背后都包含着两个方面，即正功能和负功能。互联网便是如此，其改变了人们的工作生活方式，同时也使得社会负面情绪、文化粗鄙现象经由网络放大。
“低俗‘弹幕’反映出来我国网络文化的一种现状：低俗化盛行。”朱巍直言。
人民网舆情监测室发布的《网络低俗语言调查报告》认为，网络语言低俗不仅扰乱了交流的善意、崩塌讨论的平台，其与现实社会的粗鄙、戾气彼此裹挟，也对社会整体情绪产生负效应。净化网络语言环境是要在文化、社会的层面上营造网民生活的舒适空间。我们既然抛弃了所谓“埋儿奉母、尝粪忧心”的文化糟粕，自然也不应接受“逼格”“屌丝”成为时代的文化沉淀，更不能让代指身体器官的攻讦谩骂侵蚀舆论主流。
低俗的网络文化与传递正能量、弘扬真善美的时代要求背道而驰，将低俗当通俗，拿噱头当卖点，其社会危害之深不可不防。在这种情况下，该如何预防网络低俗文化的侵蚀和滋扰？
朱巍认为，如今充斥互联网的“网红”对低俗文化并没有起到阻止作用，反而是相互促进的，因此，应加强文化方面的立法。
“互联网文化要法治化。目前，关于文化方面的立法不多，或者说促进法太少。应通过加强文化立法，加强文化方面的引导，促使网友提升文化素养、法治素养，也促使网络平台管好自己。”朱巍说。
链接
“弹幕”视频系统源自日本弹幕视频分享网站(niconico动画)，国内首先引进为AcFun以及后来的bilibili。因大量吐槽评论从屏幕飘过时效果看上去像是飞行射击游戏里的“弹幕”，所以网友将这种有大量的吐槽评论出现时的效果叫做“弹幕”。
“弹幕”可以给观众一种“实时互动”的错觉，虽然不同“弹幕”的发送时间有所区别，但是其只会在视频中特定的一个时间点出现，因此在相同时刻发送的“弹幕”基本上也具有相同的主题，在参与评论时就会有与其他观众同时评论的错觉。