30 anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster: remains the world's gigantic question mark-Chernobyl, nuclear power plant-IT information
Chernobyl, in many people's minds, is already a very long term. That is called "the worst nuclear disaster in history", in the memory of the world seems to be slowly fading, the victim seems to have become a historical figure. But, really, is that right?
30 anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, Phoenix news reporter visited had tragic nuclear disaster area. When you see those deserted "ghost town", when you see those radiation variation of child, when you see the people who are still struggling, found out 30 long, still short to cover all the tragedy could not be bridged the pain suffered by the innocent people. Alarm bells still buzz, if not the self-deception of the world.
For a nuclear disaster caused by factors, has in the past talked enough, such as nuclear reactor design flaws, operator procedural violations, and so on. But in hindsight compared the fall of highly visible layers, numerous expert judgement--the plant is absolutely safe in advance. This confidence is reflected not only in Chernobyl, Japan Fukushima nuclear power plant before the accident, was also believed to be absolutely safe.
This is the tragedy of the most profound lessons, there is no "absolute security" is such a thing, if you want to develop nuclear power, is to remember Chernobyl, is to remember human nature cannot be eradicated by negligence paralysis and can make stupid mistakes, and do everything possible to prevent it.
Compare with blind confidence, Chernobyl exposed humans more stupid mistakes that cannot be forgiven – lie to cover up mistakes, with silence, with bureaucracy, disguised safe. Review all details of the Chernobyl nuclear accident, in addition to the shocking accident, is sent to the rehabilitation of concealment and lies.
In 2015, was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature of Belarus writer Alekseevich, in his masterpiece the memory of Chernobyl: the oral history of a nuclear disaster in, for the information blockade after a nuclear accident, has a lot of impressive revelations: "silence, doctors are also silent. Waiting for directives from the State in various regions, States waiting for instructions from Minsk, Moscow, Minsk, wait commands. This is a very, very long chain, the one end of the chain is connected to one of the few policy makers. ”
In order to safeguard stability, once kept secret the news of a nuclear accident, not only that, but all about radiation, the first few days the library books about Hiroshima and Nagasaki, even books about x-ray are gone. This black humor, like the plot, not only through, now it seems does not seem unfamiliar. As long as the system is not transparent, as long as the authority is strictly controlled at the hands of the few, that more major accidents that may shock, the message may be blocked. More blockades, the consequences may be more serious.
The aftermath of Chernobyl, allegedly took the former Soviet Union cost of 18 billion rupees (current rubles per dollar). This is the cost that can be monetized, heart loss due to their inappropriate response to how are incalculable. How many of these are caused by the accident itself, and how much of it is caused by the Government's information blockade to hide the truth, will not calculate. Some people say that the Chernobyl nuclear accident, sounded the first sound the death knell of the former Soviet Union. Combing the whole process of the Chernobyl accident, can indeed looming risks were found buried under the Soviet system, determines the logical path of rehabilitation, and huge mistakes and finally become the unbearable weight of the system.
"The biggest disaster in Chernobyl, not radiation, but lie. "Each memory node to Chernobyl, this sentence will be widely disseminated. It is the most realistic of the Chernobyl accident instructive lessons. To ensure "absolute security" can only ever be an idealized premise, guarantee this premise the choice, only through the system killing lies. For any country to develop nuclear power, the basic premise is to ensure transparency, let everyone know how for the first time to deal with the possible risks.
Chernobyl was not the only cause catastrophic consequences of nuclear accident, nuclear power plants are not the only possible destructive effects of science and technology. Today, Chernobyl and into the forgotten area, touch the struggles of life, listening to complaints of seemingly unable to, for those who are arrogant and confident human or country, is yet another alarm and questioning-the Chernobyl accident had happened in those individual or system errors, today, is confident that will not recur?
Chernobyl is leaving a huge question mark in the world. "Absolute security" since the legacy of nuclear power plants is a step by step how to become catastrophe, if the clock, is it possible to avoid all this? For any country to promote similar projects, introspection is necessary in this huge question mark under notes. This is the maximum value for the future of history.
切尔诺贝利核灾30周年：仍是世界巨大问号 - 切尔诺贝利,核电站 - IT资讯
切尔诺贝利，在很多人的印象中，已经是一个很久远的名词。那场被称“史上最严重的核灾难”，在世人的记忆中似乎逐渐淡化，受害者好像也已成为历史的背影。但是，真的是这样吗？
切尔诺贝利核灾难30周年之际，凤凰网记者走访曾经惨烈的核灾区。当看到那些荒芜的“鬼城”，当看到那些因辐射变异的孩子，当看到那些还在挣扎求存的人们，才发现原来漫长的30年，还是短暂到无法掩盖所有的悲剧，无法弭平无辜人群所承受的伤痛。警钟仍在嗡鸣，如果世人不是选择自欺欺人的话。
对于核灾难的致发因素，过去已经谈得够多，比如核反应堆存在设计缺陷，操作人员违反程序等等。但和事后看来非常明显的层层失守对比，事先无数专家的判断是——核电站绝对安全。这种自信不仅体现于切尔诺贝利，日本福岛核电站在发生事故之前，也被认为是绝对安全的。
这是悲剧留下的最深刻教训，没有“绝对安全”这回事，如果要发展核电，就要记住切尔诺贝利，就要记住人性无法根除的疏忽麻痹和可能犯下的愚蠢错误，尽一切可能防患于未然。
和盲目自信相比，切尔诺贝利还暴露人类一个更无法饶恕的愚蠢错误——用谎言、用沉默、用官僚主义来掩盖错误，伪装安全。重温切尔诺贝利核事故的诸般细节，除了让人震惊的一个个意外，就是从事发到善后的各种隐瞒和谎言。
2015年获诺贝尔文学奖的白俄罗斯作家阿列克谢耶维奇，在其代表作《切尔诺贝利的回忆：核灾难口述史》中，对于核事故后的信息封锁，有很多让人印象深刻的揭露：“政府保持缄默，医生也沉默不语。各地区等待来自州府的指令，州府等待明斯克的指示，明斯克则等待莫斯科的命令。这是一条很长很长的锁链，锁链的一端连接着少数几个决策者。”
为了维稳，核事故的消息一度秘而不宣，不仅如此，最初几天图书馆里所有关于辐射、关于广岛和长崎的书，甚至就连有关X射线的书都消失了。这仿佛黑色幽默一样的情节，不仅当初真实上演过，如今看来似乎也不陌生。只要制度不透明，只要权柄被严格控制于少数人之手，那越是可能引起震荡的重大事故，消息越是可能被封锁。而越是封锁，所造成的后果可能越发严重。
切尔诺贝利的善后，据称耗费了前苏联180亿卢布的代价（当年一卢布相当于一美元）。这还是可货币化的代价，因其不当应对而造成的人心损耗有多大，则无法估量。其中有多少是事故本身造成的，有多少是政府信息封锁隐瞒真相导致的，也无法精确计算。有人说切尔诺贝利核事故，敲响了前苏联的第一声丧钟。梳理切尔诺贝利事故的整个过程，的确可以隐约发现正是前苏联的制度埋下了隐患，决定了善后的逻辑路径，而巨大的错误终于变成制度的不堪承受之重。
“切尔诺贝利最大的灾难，并不是辐射，而是谎言。”每到切尔诺贝利的纪念节点，这句话就会被广为传播。这的确是切尔诺贝利事故最具现实启发意义的教训。保证“绝对安全”永远只能是一个理想化的前提，保障这一前提的现实选择，只能是通过制度扼杀谎言。任何国家要发展核电，最基本的前提是保障信息透明，让所有人知道如何第一时间应对可能的风险。
切尔诺贝利不是唯一造成惨烈后果的核事故，核电站也不是唯一具备可能造成毁灭后果的科技。今天重温切尔诺贝利，走进那片被遗忘的地区，触摸那些还在挣扎的人生，听听那些看似无力的控诉，对于那些傲慢而自信的人类或国家，是又一次的警钟和追问——在切尔诺贝利事故中曾发生过的那些个体或制度的错误，今天是否有自信说不会重演？
切尔诺贝利是留给世界的一个巨大问号。“绝对安全”的核电站是如何一步步变为遗毒至今的大灾难，如果时光倒转，有没有可能避免这一切？任何国家要推进类似项目时，都有必要在这巨大问号下深察自省。这是历史对未来最大的价值。