From the perspective of patent technology layout: Baidu Tencent Jia Ali strong? -BAT, Alibaba group, Tencent-IT information
Written on the front:
Patent indicators to measure a business innovation, and judge the achievements of rulers.
As the domestic big three in the field of the Internet, Baidu, Tencent and Alibaba, commonly known as the "BAT" has always been a focus of the note.
Then, standing in the field of patent strategy and protection, their respective patent awareness? Patented layout and characteristics?
A few days ago, by Peking University Internet Law Center studies Internet technology innovation patents, prepared by observation (2015) (hereinafter the report) officially released.
The report shows that, as of December 31, 2015, in the selection of the 20 objects, Samsung, Huawei, ZTE, Foxconn, Sony, IBM, Lenovo, Qualcomm, TCL and other enterprises in a number of domestic patent applications in more than 10,000, of which, Chinese companies accounted for 5/9.
While domestic Internet Enterprise, only Tencent (9,540) a close to 10,000 pieces, temporarily ahead of Baidu (4,440), Alibaba (2,458), 360 (4,009), and so on.
Then, Baidu, Tencent and Alibaba, commonly known as "BAT", the three companies and layout of patent protection, which is stronger? And what are the characteristics?
Patent size: Tencent in BAT lead
The report shows that, as of December 31, 2015, Baidu, Tencent and Alibaba in the number of domestic patent applications in order are: 4,440, 9,540, 2,458. Meanwhile, Baidu, Tencent and Alibaba in the sequence is the number of patent applications in the world: 4,720, 17,139, 6,540.
Therefore, judging from the patent application, domestic patent applications first sort is Tencent, Baidu and Alibaba II III, global patent applications first sort is Tencent and Alibaba to second and third.
While the overseas patent on the layout area, Tencent in the European Union, the United States, and Korea, and Japan Patent respectively: 463, 1830, 202 and 191. Baidu patent respectively in the preceding four regions: 39 pieces, 50 pieces, 17 and 31. Alibaba in the preceding four regional patent respectively: 491, 622, 25, 340.
This shows that the United States is the most important BAT three overseas patent layout regions or markets.
However, overall, the global patents in terms of the number of Chinese enterprises at a disadvantage, in more "go" at the same time, enterprises also increased overseas patent layout to be synchronized.
First application: followed by the earliest Baidu, Tencent and Alibaba at the latest
The report shows Baidu, founded in 2000, a few early patent applications. Tencent since 2001 have patent applications after Alibaba since its establishment in 1999, until 2004, has not been submitted to the patent application, until 2005 to begin filing the patent application.
Obviously, from the awareness of patent protection, in BAT three, Alibaba's worst patent protection consciousness, founded 5 years after a patent application for the first time, and judging from the time, BAT three, Baidu's most strong patent awareness, is the first company to patent applications submitted three.
Therefore, the BAT companies, Baidu, Tencent is a typical "technology-driven" company, while Alibaba is more like a "market-driven" company, in which Alibaba itself enough on the importance of intellectual property rights, patents are probably its e-commerce platform early "counterfeit" one of the reasons.
Layout the inflection point: Tencent to wake up first, followed by Baidu, Alibaba at the bottom
The report shows that 2009 Baidu patent applications the first turning point, Baidu launched a new box computing concept, and Baidu launched this concept is based on an open platform. Since the beginning of 2010, Baidu's rapid rise in the number of patents.
In September 2012, Baidu developer-oriented open include cloud storage, core clouds, big data intelligence and cloud computing capabilities. Patents and increases growth in 2012-2013 a slight stagnation in 2014, over 1000 years of patent filings, 1567.
The report showed that the company from 2004 to 2006, the patent numbers rise quickly, in 2006, to patent applications 468. From 2007-2009, patent applications has decreased slightly. From 2009 to 2013, Tencent's rapid increase in the number of patent applications, by 2013 to 2,387.
The report shows that from 2006 to 2010 period, Ali Baba about 100 patent applications submitted each year, in its early stages of development. In 2011 and 2012, Alibaba's patent filings growth spurt occurs, annual patent applications reached 445 and 533, 2013 and 2014, patent applications are maintained in more than 400 pieces.
Thus, in the BAT three, Tencent inflection of patent applications at the earliest, probably took place in 2004, and Baidu will be presented at the 2010 box computing concept into a patent application during the blowout, Alibaba is in 2011 to increase the intensity of patent applications.
However it is worth noting is that BAT almost all three before and after 2010 to increase patent protection, on the one hand, and market competition, on the other hand, should be enacted by the Government and also a patent application incentives policies.
Layout focus: BAT highlights are "semantic analysis, messaging, and e-commerce"
The report shows that Baidu's patent classification most focus on "electrical digital data processing" (G06F class), which accounted for the highest number of was the Panel "technology direction of the information retrieval and database structure" (G06F17/30), accounted for the largest number of Group of ten 57% of the total number of patents, which is determined by the nature of search engine products.
Then there is "used to perform specialized procedures unit" (G06F9/44) 4%; "through testing or debugging software error prevention" (G06F11/36) 3%; "automated analysis, such as parsing, Ortho-correction" (G06F17/27) and 3%, and so on.
The report shows that Tencent 31% patents in "information retrieval and the database structure" (G06F17/30), followed by "Transmission Control Protocol, such as data-link level control procedure" (H04L29/08), compared to about 17%. Patent application comparatively centralized technology also includes "characterized by agreement" (H04L29/06), "message exchange system" (H04L12/58), patent applications 17% and 13% respectively.
The report shows that Alibaba's patent classification most focus on "electrical digital data processing" (G06F class), which accounted for the highest number of Panel "technology direction of the information retrieval and database structure" (G06F17/30), up to 1000 pieces, accounted for 42% of ten teams total number of patents, which is determined by the nature of its mainly e-commerce site.
Secondly, the company "digital information transmission" (H04L) patents, and no less, "Transmission Control Protocol, data link control procedure", "characterized by agreement", "message exchange system" three categories together account for almost 33.2%, and patent classification of each individual number in more than 170 pieces.
Alibaba's patents in more than 100 pieces are "commercial, such as shopping or e-commerce" (G06Q30/00), reached 176, total 7.4%.
It can be seen that BAT companies due to the different focus, patented layout the focus of every family, especially for different core business and future layout, each selected patent/technology focus growing differences.
Baidu search on the main technical layout, add artificial intelligence technologies such as speech recognition, semantic analysis layouts, Tencent is carried out based on instant messaging a derivative patents in the field layout, and Alibaba is based on e-business logic in information retrieval, transport and shopping areas such as patent strategy.
从专利看技术布局：百度阿里
腾讯哪家强？ - BAT,阿里巴巴,
腾讯 - IT资讯
写在前面：
专利，既是衡量一家企业创新投入的指标，也是判断企业科研成果的标尺。
作为国内互联网领域的三大巨头，百度、腾讯、阿里巴巴，即俗称的“BAT”，历来是备注关注的焦点。
那么，站在专利布局和保护领域来看，它们各自的专利意识如何？专利布局又有特点？
日前，由北京大学互联网法律中心研究撰写的《互联网技术创新专利观察报告（2015）》（以下简称《报告》）正式对外发布。
《报告》显示，截止2015年12月31日，在挑选的20家分析对象中，三星、华为、中兴、富士康、索尼、IBM、联想、高通、TCL等企业在国内的专利申请数量均在1万件以上，其中，中国企业占5/9。
而国内互联网企业中，仅腾讯（9540件）一家接近1万件，暂时领先于百度（4440件）、阿里巴巴（2458件）、360（4009件）等公司。
那么，就百度、腾讯、阿里巴巴等俗称的“BAT”而言，三家公司的专利保护和布局，哪家更强？又各有什么特点？
专利规模：BAT中腾讯一马当先
《报告》显示，截止2015年12月31日，百度、腾讯、阿里巴巴在国内的专利申请数量依序是：4440件、9540件、2458件。与此同时，百度、腾讯、阿里巴巴在全球的专利申请数量依序是：4720件、17139件、6540件。
因此，单纯从专利申请来看，国内专利申请量排序是腾讯第一、百度第二、阿里巴巴第三，全球专利申请量排序是腾讯第一、阿里巴巴第二、百度第三。
而在海外专利布局区域上，腾讯在欧盟、美国、韩国、日本的专利量分别为：463件、1830件、202件和191件。百度在前述四大区域的专利量分别为：39件、50件、17件和31件。阿里巴巴在前述四大区域的专利量分别为：491件、622件、25件、340件。
由此可见，美国是BAT三家海外专利布局最重要的区域或市场所在。
不过，总的来说，就全球的专利数量而言，中国企业普遍处于劣势，在加大“走出去”力度的同时，国内企业也要同步加大海外市场专利布局。
首次申请：百度最早、腾讯次之、阿里巴巴最迟
《报告》显示，百度公司成立于2000年，早期就有少量专利申请。腾讯公司则从2001年开始就有专利申请，阿里巴巴自1999年成立之后，直到2004年以前，并未提交专利申请，直到2005年才开始提交专利申请。
显然，从专利保护意识来看，在BAT三家之中，阿里巴巴的专利保护意识最差，首次专利申请发生公司成立5年之后，而从申请时间来看，BAT三家之中，百度的专利意识最强，是三家之中最早提交专利申请的公司。
因此，就BAT三家公司而言，百度、腾讯属于典型的“技术驱动型”公司，而阿里巴巴则更像是“营销驱动型”公司，其中，阿里巴巴自身对专利在内的知识产权重视程度不够，恐怕也是其电商平台早期一度“假货泛滥”的原因之一。
布局拐点：腾讯觉醒最早、百度次之、阿里巴巴垫底
《报告》显示，2009年是百度专利申请量的的第一个转折点，百度推出了全新的框计算技术概念，并基于此理念推出百度开放平台。自2010年开始，百度专利数量迅速上升。
2012年9月，百度面向开发者全面开放包括云存储、大数据智能和云计算在内的核心云能力。此后专利数量逐年上涨，在2012-2013年度增长速度稍有停滞后，于2014年突破1000件专利年申请量，达到1567件。
《报告》显示，腾讯公司从2004年至2006年间，专利数量上升幅度较快，至2006年，达到专利申请量468件。从2007到2009年间，专利申请量略有减少。自2009年至2013年，腾讯公司的专利申请数量迅猛增加，2013年达到2387件。
《报告》显示，2006年至2010年期间，阿里巴巴每年都提交约100件的专利申请，处于其初级发展阶段。而2011年和2012年，阿里巴巴的专利申请量出现井喷式增长，年均专利申请量达到了445件和533件，2013年和2014年专利申请量均保持在400余件。
由此可见，在BAT三家之中，腾讯的专利申请拐点出现最早，大概发生在2004年，而百度则是在2010年框计算理念提出后进入专利申请井喷时期，阿里巴巴则是在2011年才加大专利申请力度。
不过值得注意的是，BAT三家差不多都在2010年前后加大专利申请保护，一方面，这与市场竞争加剧有关，另一方面，应该也与国家出台的专利申请奖励政策有关。
布局重心：BAT亮点分别为“语义分析、消息处理及电子商务”
《报告》显示，百度公司的专利分类大多数集中在“电数字数据处理方向”（G06F小类），其中，占最多数量的是小组是“即信息检索及其数据库结构技术方向”（G06F17/30），占到数量最多的十个小组总专利数的57%，这是由其搜索引擎的产品性质决定的。
其次还有“用于执行专门程序的装置”（G06F9/44）占4%；“通过软件的测试或调试防止错误”（G06F11/36）占3%；“自动分析，例如语法分析、正射校正”（G06F17/27）占3%等等。
《报告》显示，腾讯公司31%的专利处于“信息检索；及其数据库结构”（G06F17/30），其次为“传输控制规程，例如数据链级控制规程”（H04L29/08），占比约为17%。专利申请较为集中的技术方向还包括“以协议为特征的”（H04L29/06）、“消息交换系统”（H04L12/58），分别占专利申请量的17%和13%。
《报告》显示，阿里巴巴的专利分类大多数集中在“电数字数据处理方向”（G06F小类），其中，占最多数量的小组是“即信息检索及其数据库结构技术方向”（G06F17/30），达到1000件，占到十个小组总专利数的42%，这是由其主要是电子商务网站的性质决定的。
其次，阿里巴巴在“数字信息的传输”（H04L）的专利数量也不少，其中“传输控制规程，数据链级控制规程”、“以协议为特征的”、“消息交换系统”三类一起占了总数的近33.2%，且每种专利分类的单个数量也都在170件以上。
阿里巴巴专利数量在100件以上的还有“商业，例如购物或电子商务”（G06Q30/00），达到176件，占总数的7.4%。
由此可见，BAT三家公司由于业务重心不同，各家的专利布局各有侧重，尤其是对于核心业务和未来布局的不同，各家选择的专利或技术重心也差别越来越大。
百度在做好主营搜索技术布局外，还在加大语音识别、语义分析等人工智能技术布局，腾讯则是基于即时通讯开展相应的衍生领域专利布局，而阿里巴巴则是基于电子商务逻辑在信息检索、传输及购物等领域开展专利布局。