Network anchors "blacklist" released next month: ban-network anchors, network anchorwoman, betta TV-IT information
On April 18, Sina, Sohu, yoqoo, Baidu, and 20 network live webcast platform jointly issued the Beijing self-discipline Convention (hereinafter referred to as the Convention), the Convention includes anchor, require real-name authentication, network live videos save not less than 15 days, not provided for under 18 anchor registered channels, and so on.
Recently, the reporter interviewed the Beijing cultural law enforcement Corps network team leader Shen Rui. Shen Rui said, the Beijing cultural law enforcement Corps with the Convention was drafted by the Beijing Institute of network cultures together, in the process of drafting two seeking the views of all webcast platform in Beijing, eventually forming the Covenant.
Shen Rui said at present Beijing cultural law enforcement Corps has begun in accordance with the Convention to monitor related Webcast platform, and will be announced in May the first anchor blacklist. Anchor of those on the blacklist will not be webcast platform hire .
-About hotspot
All live models will be bound
Shen Rui introduction, now part of the network live broadcast platform on the business model to implement a live model. Universal live is broadcast any registered user of the site, without identity audit, can achieve live.
National broadcast business model what are the problems? Shen Rui said that the way people live is very dangerous, once live in the drug-related, and yellow, storm-related situation, anchors broadcast live on accumulated a certain amount of popularity and suddenly went out, a great impact on society, and there is no way back. In addition, enterprises, business risk is very high, if there is a negative social impact, companies may face was completely shut down by the Government, or were ordered to stop.
This reporter has learned, first in the Convention is required to authenticate the host identity. Shen Rui said at present the Beijing cultural law enforcement Corps has asked network live broadcast platform on the mode.
Stars live or more
Talked about female star Liu Tao standing reflected guest live, and 2 hours on harvest has 70duowanming audience and more than 200,000 yuan of playing tours a thing, Shen Rui said, on this class website of commercial mode law enforcement Corps not do evaluation, but star to live platform Shang, description live has began on traditional of video industry caused impact, has many of Star, gradually put attention from newspaper, and journals, and TV transfer to network Shang, especially live platform Shang. This phenomenon in the future will be more and more, and even some Web sites for a specific star opened a particular Studio. Meanwhile, it is also a commercial mode of operation.
According to Shen Rui introduction, several Webcast currently has more than 30 enterprises in Beijing, if running a live section of the website, there are 40 or so. According to statistics from relevant ministries, national network broadcast business in the 200 or so. Although few in number, but there are a lot of Internet companies are ready to invest webcast. Recently, almost every week, there are one or two firms into the industry.
-On the issues
Live mixed pulp content
Shen Rui said that since last year, network live platform several times "live person" obscene vulgar content. Shen Rui said, on the content issue, the main problem is some videos contain pornographic and vulgar content. Reasons for this are threefold, anchors itself on the one hand the reasons Internet companies on the one hand the lack of regulatory responsibilities; yet another reason is, some enterprises for investment demand, to promote fermentation in such events.
Shen Rui said live on the network in the field, the mainstream is still good, there is still a lot of positive energy. Meanwhile, webcast is to give people a platform to express ourselves, or even a star-making platform. Bad impression for the public live, with a handful of companies trying to attract attention by vulgar, pornographic content, in order to get traffic, harvest investments or financing is associated. By way of this hype will magnify in the webcast.
"As the host, is seeking network red impulse, also have the urge to profit. "Shen Rui said, some anchors on" off "to get eyeballs, but it needs to be said is, from statistical point of view, the broadcast of pornographic or vulgar class performances, this anchor groups rarely profit. From here you can also see that audiences are less willing to pay to watch the class live. Live content can really make profits, is the art class show, "this broadcast to let the audience get positive energy that audiences are willing to pay for content."
Vulgar content platforms need to take responsibility
If pornographic content appeared in the broadcast, anchors the liability or responsibility of the network platform? Shen Rui said that at present, there is no clear distinction between liability regulations. In the course of law enforcement, Beijing cultural law enforcement Corps had three criteria. The first time to watch pornographic videos, erotic live video lasting more than 3 minutes, belonging to the ineffective supervision of the platform. Second, if obscene content of short duration, but appeared for several days in a row, responsibility of the platform not found is the platform. Third, if you want to live issues advance notice, or after the hype, and platform did not do, and timely processing, auditing, responsibility for this platform.
Such as betta TV "live person" event is in front of the live Twitter notice.
In addition, Shen Rui said in specific events in the Beijing cultural law enforcement Corps, with the concrete situations, to distinguish which party liability, but focusing on webcasting platform. As long as problems with live content, networking platforms are hard to get rid of the responsibility.
Shen Rui said, at present, the network platform with a warning against violations, fines and other penalties, serious enterprise business for rectification, revoking the relevant permission, enterprises involving the dissemination of pornographic, in serious cases to close the website and website offering administrative and criminal accountability.
-On the regulatory
Platform shall not employ "black" anchor
According to Shen Rui introduced on April 18 after the implementation of the Convention, Beijing cultural law enforcement Corps already live on the monitoring network of Beijing enterprise, checked whether these companies fulfilled the stipulated in the Convention. A month later, Beijing cultural law enforcement Corps in collaboration with the Beijing Institute of network cultures, announce the first batch of anchors blacklist. For those on the blacklist host, all live in Beijing enterprises were not allowed to continue to employ, nor on the blacklist host provide broadcast space.
Shen Rui said, at present, work is in progress, a month after the first blacklist. If signed the Convention Webcast enterprise has failed to implement the Convention, Beijing cultural law enforcement Corps of these enterprises will be incorporated into the key regulatory areas, in the event of illegal acts will be dealt with severely according to law.
Small weak self-regulation
Shen Rui said that Beijing, many live the institutional mechanism of the enterprise is not perfect, "many live enterprise scale is small, some live streaming platform only dozens of staff members." Shen Rui concluded that because of platforms is small, not huge amounts of money, not enough technology to invest in content regulation, this is causing some live streaming platform is an important cause of all kinds of problems.
Shen Rui said Webcast Enterprise core supervision is done by a human, these cannot be done by machine, human resources can't keep up with it will cause a lack of supervision.
Reporters learned that the two items involved in regulation of the Convention, a is required to store all live video, one is to require all the live video along with the Logo watermark.
Shen Rui said both measures for enterprises, is self-regulation, and it's good to protect themselves, "If there is a problem of the live platform, you can quickly determine the video in question is the live platform comes".
There is lack of legal constraints
Shen Rui said, it now appears, each live broadcast platform is more or less problems, "anchor appeared on the live issues and not surprisingly, strange is why anchors quickly become red." That is, a small number of enterprises, for the purpose of attracting investment in the hype.
"Through the hype, video downloads, a surge in the number of active users in the short term. "Shen Rui said that investors choose to invest, mainly number of platform how many users watch the live broadcast, monthly active users and how many daily active users," investors actually considered the content platform through the dissemination of pornographic content, such as live video, most likely to achieve these goals. "
Shen Rui points out, the current situation is countries there is no legislation to govern such issues. Webcast of industry development, has managed not only by a single Department, and constraints, "the question now is, some administrative units are able to Webcast corporate management, but can not control all."
Shen Rui concluded that network broadcast enterprise, is in the middle ground of the various government departments, this is now the core issues on the management.
≫> news playback
Fish TV "live person"
On January 10 this year, fighting fish outdoor live channel TV anchor "uninhibited 123" named "Live dolls" room of broadcast indecency, the broadcast attention quickly broke the thousand. That night, fighting fish TV announcement, bettas live for all real-name authentication, Huang indecent video, related to the anchor events, platform administrator has for the first time will broadcast closure, and provided police with victim-related personally identifiable information of sowing, their behavior has violated state law, fighting fish TV reserves the right to start the proceedings.
The Ministry of culture has announced, live fish, Tiger, YY, Panda TV, flag live TV and Dragon, six rooms, 9158 Webcast platform on suspicion of providing air obscene content such as violence, AIDS and abets crime of Internet cultural products, are included in the investigation list.
网络主播“黑名单” 下月公布：一律封杀 - 网络主播,网络女主播,斗鱼TV - IT资讯
4月18日，新浪、搜狐、优酷、百度等20家网络直播平台共同发布了《北京网络直播行业自律公约》（以下简称《公约》），《公约》内容包括主播需要实名认证、网络直播视频保存不低于15天，不为18岁以下主播提供注册通道等内容。
近日，记者采访了北京市文化执法总队网络执法队队长沈睿。沈睿介绍称，该《公约》是北京市文化执法总队同北京市网络文化协会共同起草的，在起草过程中两次征求了北京所有网络直播平台的意见，最终形成公约内容。
沈睿表示，目前北京市文化执法总队已开始依照《公约》对相关网络直播平台进行监看，并将于5月公布第一批主播黑名单。这些上了黑名单的主播将不得再被网络直播平台雇用。
□谈热点
全民直播模式将受约束
沈睿介绍，现在部分网络直播平台在经营模式上推行全民直播的模式。全民直播指的是直播网站的任何一个注册的用户，不经过身份的审核，就能实现直播。
全民直播的经营模式存在哪些问题？沈睿表示，这种全民直播的方式非常危险，一旦直播内容中出现涉毒、涉黄、涉暴的情况，主播在积累了一定人气之后突然直播出去，对社会的影响很大，而且是没有办法挽回的。此外，对于企业来说，经营风险非常高，一旦出现恶劣的社会影响，企业可能就面临着被政府彻底关闭，或者是停业整顿。
记者了解到，《公约》中第一项就是要求对主播的身份进行认证。沈睿表示，目前北京市文化执法总队已要求网络直播平台就此进行模式调整。
明星直播或将越来越多
谈到女星刘涛驻映客直播、2小时就收获了70多万名观众和20多万元的打赏一事，沈睿称，对这类网站的商业模式执法总队不做评价，但是明星到直播平台上，说明直播已经开始对传统的视频行业造成冲击，有许多的明星，逐渐把注意力从报纸、期刊、电视转移到网络上，特别是直播平台上。这种现象在今后会越来越多，甚至有的网站在准备为特定的明星开一个特定的直播间。同时，这也是一种商业的运作模式。
据沈睿介绍，北京目前有30多家网络直播企业，如果加上经营直播栏目的大网站，有40家左右。根据相关部委单位的统计，全国的网络直播企业在200家左右。尽管数量不多，但有许多的网络企业正在准备投资网络直播。最近，几乎每一周都有一两个企业进入到这个行业当中来。
□谈问题
直播中混杂低俗内容
沈睿称，去年以来，网络直播平台多次出现“直播造人”等淫秽低俗的内容。沈睿说，在内容问题上，主要出现的问题是一些视频包含淫秽色情和低俗内容。出现此类情况的原因有三方面，一方面是主播自身的原因；一方面是网络企业监管责任的缺失；还有一个原因是，部分企业出于赚取投资的诉求，在推动此类事件的发酵。
沈睿表示，在网络直播领域里，主流还是好的，还是有很多正能量的内容。同时，网络直播是给大众提供了一个展现自我的平台，甚至可以说是一个造星的平台。之所以大众对网络直播留下不好的印象，这与少数的企业试图通过低俗、色情的内容吸引关注，以赚取流量，进而收获投资或是融资是有关联的。通过这种炒作的方式，将网络直播中存在的问题放大了。
“作为主播个人，是有追求网红的冲动，也有获利的冲动。”沈睿说，有些主播靠“脱”来博得眼球，但需要说的是，从统计上看，直播淫秽色情或是低俗类的表演，这个主播群体的获利很少。从这里也可以看出，受众不太愿意为观看此类直播而掏钱。真正能够获得盈利的直播内容，是才艺类的表演，“这种直播能够让受众获得正能量，这种内容是受众愿意付费的”。
平台需对低俗内容担责
如果直播中出现淫秽色情的内容，算是主播的责任还是网络平台的责任？沈睿表示，目前对责任的区分尚无明确法规规定。在执法过程中，北京市文化执法总队有三个判断标准。第一看淫秽视频持续的时间，如果色情视频直播持续3分钟以上，属于平台监管不力。第二，如果淫秽的内容持续时间短，但是连续出现了好几天，属于平台没有发现是平台的责任。第三，如果要直播的问题内容，事先有预告，或是事后有炒作，而平台没有做封号等及时处理，审核封号，这也是平台的责任。
比如之前的斗鱼TV“直播造人”事件，就是在直播前微博上有预告。
此外，沈睿表示，在具体的事件中，北京市文化执法总队会结合具体情况，来区分哪方责任大，但监管重点是网络直播平台。只要直播中出现问题内容，网络平台都难以摆脱应该承担的责任。
沈睿表示，目前，对违规的网络平台有警告、罚款等处罚措施，情节严重的要求企业停业整顿，吊销相关的许可证明，对涉及传播淫秽色情的企业，情节严重者可关闭网站，并追究网站开办者的行政和刑事责任。
□谈监管
平台不得雇用“黑”主播
据沈睿介绍，4月18日《公约》实施之后，北京市文化执法总队已经在监看北京的网络直播企业，检查这些企业是否履行了《公约》中的约定。在一个月之后，北京市文化执法总队将会同北京市网络文化协会，公布第一批主播的黑名单。对于那些上了黑名单的主播，北京的所有网络直播企业都不得继续雇用，也不得为上了黑名单的主播提供直播的空间。
沈睿称，目前，工作正在进行中，一个月之后公布第一批黑名单。如果签署了《公约》的网络直播企业拒不执行《公约》，北京市文化执法总队将对这些企业纳入重点监管范畴，一旦出现违法违规行为将依法从重从严处理。
小平台自我监管乏力
沈睿说，北京目前很多直播企业的体制机制不健全，“很多直播企业规模并不大，有一些直播平台只有几十个工作人员”。沈睿总结说，由于平台比较小，没有雄厚的资金，也没有足够的技术实力来投资于内容监管，这是造成一些直播平台出现各种各样问题的一个重要原因。
沈睿表示，网络直播企业最核心的监管都是由人力来完成的，这些监管无法通过机器来完成，人力上跟不上就会造成监管的缺失。
记者了解到，《公约》中有两项内容涉及到监管，一项是要求对所有的直播视频进行存储，一项是要求所有的直播视频加上企业的Logo水印。
沈睿说，这两项措施对于企业来说，是在进行自律，同时也利于企业进行自保，“一旦出现有问题的直播平台，可以很快地确定有问题的视频是从哪个直播平台流出来”。
目前尚缺少法律约束
沈睿说，现在看来，每一个直播平台都或多或少地存在问题，“主播在直播内容上出现问题不奇怪，奇怪的是为什么主播迅速成为网红”。这就是，有少数企业，出于吸引投资的目的在进行炒作。
“通过炒作，使视频的下载量、活跃用户量在短期内激增。”沈睿说，投资人选择企业进行投资，主要看直播的平台有多少用户数，每月的活跃用户数和每日的活跃用户数有多少，“实际上投资人考察企业的这些内容，平台通过传播淫秽色情等内容的直播视频，最容易实现这些目的”。
沈睿指出，目前的状况是国家还没有一部法规来约束此类问题。网络直播产业的发展，已经不能仅靠单个部门来管理和约束，“现在的问题是，一些相关的管理单位都能对网络直播企业进行管理，但又不能管全部”。
沈睿总结说，网络直播企业，正好是走在了各个政府部门监管的中间地带，这是现在面临的管理上的核心问题。
>>新闻回放
斗鱼TV“直播造人”事件
今年1月10日凌晨，斗鱼TV户外直播频道，主播“放纵不羁123”在名为“直播造娃娃”的房间内直播不雅行为，该直播的关注度迅速破千。当晚，斗鱼TV发布公告称，斗鱼直播间全部为实名认证，对该主播涉黄不雅视频事件，平台管理员已经在第一时间将其直播封停，并向警方报案提供了涉事主播的个人身份信息，其行为已经触犯国家法律，斗鱼TV保留对其启动诉讼程序的权利。
文化部日前公布，斗鱼、虎牙直播、YY、熊猫TV、战旗TV、龙珠直播、六间房、9158等网络直播平台因涉嫌提供含宣扬淫秽、暴力、教唆犯罪等内容的互联网文化产品，被列入查处名单。