China is no longer the "factory of the world"? Is not a bad idea-the workshop of the world, China-IT information
In recent days the financial sector are discussing a topic: China is the world's factory? Once upon a time, many well-known foreign companies have set up camp in China, "made in China" is all over the world. In recent years, however, China is losing competitiveness, wages in the past more than 10 years of substantial growth, manufacturing more than the average wage in most Southeast Asian countries and South Asian countries, the labor cost advantage has gone. For example, in 2000, 40% Nike sneakers made in China, 13% from Viet Nam manufacturing. And by 2013, only 30% made in China and Viet Nam manufacture surged to 42%.
In my opinion, China no longer "factory of the world" title, is not a bad thing. Rather, it is the only way for the development of China's manufacturing powerhouse.
Why say that? Because the "factory of the world" and "cheap labour" can almost draw an equal sign between. International experience shows that middle-income countries to succeed across the "middle-income trap" and "wall of high income", should continue to enhance industrial productivity. Leaving the past in cheap clothing, toys and other goods "workshop of the world", efforts must be made to the automobile, aircraft, as well as electronic products, such as high-value manufacturing changes. As our "made in China" 2025 "proposed by the 10-year plan, make the shift from manufacturing country to a manufacturing powerhouse, promoting product quality to the Japanese American and European counterparts. Not only ordinary people can enjoy the benefits, and China's economy, trade and industry bodies can be optimized, and motivation are increased economic growth.
In this process, we need to do two things. On one hand, moving away from the "cheap labor" at the same time, must raise productivity. Oxford Institute for economic research showed that Chinese manufacturing unit labour costs have been approaching United States, but labor productivity has only United States one-fourth. With the enhancement of rising industry costs, particularly labor costs, low-income developing countries to develop labor-intensive industries and revive the manufacturing industry of developed countries, China's manufacturing industry such as accelerating productivity increase, will face from the direction of both high-end and low-end extrusion.
The other hand, focused on the domestic consumer demand and potential. Consumer groups have been formed in China, middle income groups rapid rise and become the world's fastest, deep consumer market from Chinese visitors crazy exit spree seen in recent years. Therefore, how to tap the "world wallet" potential of its fertilizer and water does not flow fields, and the "Office World" March will be "made in China" 2025 "10-year plan is an urgent problem to be solved.
中国不再是“世界工厂”？并非坏事 - 世界工厂,中国 - IT资讯
近几日财经界都在讨论一个话题：中国还是不是世界工厂？曾几何时，许多知名外资企业都在中国安营扎寨，“中国制造”更是遍布全球。然而近几年，中国制造正逐渐失去竞争力，中国工资水平在过去10余年大幅增长，制造业平均工资超过大多数东南亚国家和南亚国家，劳动力成本优势已成往事。举例来说，2000年，40%的耐克运动鞋由中国制造，13%由越南制造。而到2013年，中国制造只占30%，而越南制造的猛增到42%。
在笔者看来，中国失去“世界工厂”的头衔，并非坏事。相反，这是中国向制造业强国发展的必由之路。
为何这么说？因为“世界工厂”与“廉价劳动力”几乎可以划上等号。国际经验表明，中等收入国家要成功跨越“中等收入陷阱”与“高收入之墙”，必须持续提升工业的生产率水平。要抛弃过去从事的服装、玩具等廉价商品的“世界工厂”，就必须努力向汽车、飞机以及电子产品等更高价值制造业转变。正如我国“中国制造2025”10年规划提出的，实现从制造大国向制造强国的转变，促进产品质量上向日美欧看齐。这样不仅普通老百姓能得到实惠，也能让中国经济产业机构得到优化，经济增长动力得到提升。
在这个过程中，我们还要做好两件事情。一方面，在逐渐摆脱“廉价劳动力”的同时，必须提高劳动生产率。牛津经济研究院的研究结果显示，目前中国制造业单位劳动力成本已经趋近于美国，但劳动生产率仅有美国的四分之一。随着我国工业成本的上升尤其是劳动力成本的提高，低收入发展中国家大力发展劳动密集型产业，发达国家重振制造业，我国制造业如不加快生产率提升，将面临来自高端和低端两个方向的挤压。
另一方面，关注国内消费群体的需求与潜力。我国消费群体已经形成，中等收入群体快速崛起，并成为世界上发展速度最快、深度巨大的消费市场，从近年来中国游客疯狂出境扫货就可见一斑。因此，如何挖掘“世界钱包”的潜力，让其肥水不流外人田，并向“世界办公室”进军，将是“中国制造2025”10年规划中迫切需要解决的问题。