Low threshold wide audit, credit turmoil on campus network clusters-campus credits, P2P-IT information
"Last month the play Dalian and 1000 Yuan", coastal College sophomore reading Ma Tung said they had been through stages music, good futures network staging platform for "cash". Ma Tung said cash loans through the network platform dependent.
Just a month ago, addicted to gambling Institute of Henan animal husbandry economy joining a sophomore, after gambling owed more than 600,000 campus credits, jumping in Qingdao.
Issued by the credit management research centre at Renmin University in August 2015, the national study of college students ' credit report showed that at the time of make up for the shortage of funds, 8.77% student loan funding, which accounted for 5.33%, the network of micro-credit loans loans 3.44%.
Faced with strong consumer demand is not sustainable sources of income of college students and credit cards into "broken halberd", more and more financial platforms are beginning "to seize the" campus net lending market. But in an interview with reporters discovered that behind the low threshold, the temptation of quick loans, campus market hides a high interest loan, audit failure, risk control and lax chaos.
Market turmoil triggered regulatory concerns, Ministry of China Banking Regulatory Commission recently showed "yellow card" warning to step on campus supervision and regulation of the bad lending platform. Campus network lending will go from here?
Chaos 1
Platform snatch Lite and wide audit risk
Lite credit markets became the platform to seize the campus network tools, platforms for loans of the same borrower information no data sharing, easily lead to repeated credit risk.
According to investigative journalism, joining the loans network platforms, up to more than 10. It is understood that the campus network of loan products currently on the market can be divided into three categories: staging site cash loan, such as interesting staging, stage music, love credit, excellent staging and other platforms; vote cast credits, e-loan and other P2P companies to launch student loan product; the ants spend, Jingdong white representatives rely on e-commerce products in phases.
The platform in order to "seize" campus net lending market, Lite, wide audit into a seductive one.
Search on the Internet "campus net credits", "student loan" two keywords appear school loans, investment loans, e-loan and other platforms named. "School loan" signs showed that "borrowing 5 seconds to count, and can take a maximum of 50,000, no interview, no mortgage."
In another e loan platform, available loan programs, including "emergency borrowing for college students" and "college students free loans". Its information page is displayed: low threshold, without any collateral and guarantees, only ID and student ID cards, online operations and school students increased the loan amount.
And a sophomore dorm with Ma Tung Amy (not her real name) said he made loans only screenshot letter network, identity card number, phone number, phone numbers of parents, roommates phone number and other information. Ma Tung said, this information is just about enough.
For information verification process under the wire, Ma Tung told reporters, "when filing, he said there may be campus agent to verify the situation, but did not come." Ma Tung also disclosed that according to the platform needs to provide the information requested, if students are willing to provide their own phone, identity card and other information, and students plan to use his information to credit as well.
"Joining the event", reporters learned that joining in the Dragon's name in the credits on multiple platforms more than 100,000 yuan. Dragon says, go through stages in the Nono pounds, do not need to sign a contract, don't sign, is joining the mobile phone in the bedroom as he recorded a video, upload it to the Internet just fine.
Industry experts believe that platforms with "Lite" compete for tourist operation, prone to repeat credit, "loans", fraud, platforms, bad debts and other risks.
"Loan qualification threshold is low, the borrower is not strict or no qualification. " Bank loan rate Center for financial research, P2P network group analysts said Li Xianrui, campus lending loans to the same borrower information between platforms without data sharing, the same borrowers may obtain loans number of platforms at the same time, leading to its debt limit, once the problems are more serious.
Net credit CEO Shi Pengfeng said, review of qualifications is not strict also prone to "loan" event. "Information security awareness and self-protection of college students is not enough, the identity information is used to apply for a loan by other students to take. "Shi Pengfeng believes that such loans are often not healthy loans, or even fraud.
Excellent staging CEO Fusahira said campus loans rapidly, chaos, and coupled with a substantial proportion of the students ' credit loss, poor self-control, reason, Bull loan phenomenon appears. According to the revealed that currently have joint campus staging platform to build student credit union, calling for participation in the credit union business information sharing between users, malicious current to create a blacklist system.
Staging music Orange financial public relations director Gao Sheng told reporters yesterday, staging music in response to repeated credit problems that may exist, and the Union of several other online lending platform has established a risk, shared risk data, promote information sharing within the industry. "Is mainly build blacklists shared mechanisms, such as user appeared late in a platform, then share this information with other companies, once a risk control in spurts," Gao Sheng introduction, the Union is currently in the dock information stage.
Chaos 2
Student loan sharking? Individual rate Super 25%
Bank rate data and statistics, platform involving campus lending borrowing rates are generally high, individual project borrowing student pays an annual interest rate of more than 25%.
Found in in an interview with reporters, college students rely on e-commerce platform is quite respected in staging, staging, stage music, love and fun learn staging platform such as credit, which provides cash loans.
Interest staging launched of "interest white" can provides 1000 Yuan and the above of borrowing amount, user can select 1-18 months of staging term; staging Le of "take points spent" take now business of uses covers "tourism", and "dinner", and "play game", and "k song", and "see movie",, cash amount also from 600 Yuan to 10,000 yuan above, take cash amount can direct bank card; and love learn loan in promotion take now products "take points spent" Shi, also provides 3 species can pumping from card coupons of staging combination.
Versatile amount behind the attractive, is the platform received "high interest".
"Last month the play Dalian and 1000 Yuan. "Ma Tung told reporters that he had repeatedly through Internet lending platform staging music, good futures for" cash ". The end of 2015, Ma Tung have taken 1000 Yuan, "had wanted to buy coins, money."
Ma Tung said using interest-free credits for the first time, and three months to pay off. "This lending platform interest is very high. " For example, he told reporters, such as staging platform in 1000" to travel to withdraw ", a 6-month period, monthly payments to 185.03, the entire loans repayment," interest "about the principal of 11%. He told reporters, is to minimize the use of these platforms in the future, "owes money, after all, I do not feel at ease."
And same hostel Amy Ma Tung and Li Wei (pseudonym) also share the same loan experience. According to Amy describe, they had fun staging 1999, used for offline purchases cameras. "Time is now up to 2999 Yuan, neither is the 1999. "Amy says payments" interest "is not low, themselves divided into 6 stages, eventually had about 200 yuan of interest. Li chose 12 payments, "interest" is about more than 300 yuan.
Reporter query interesting staging site found, such as select 2000 Yuan loans, also finished in 6 parts, each service fee to 25.73 Yuan, adding up to more than 150 Yuan.
According to the bank rate database incomplete statistics, currently involving campus lending platform, borrowing rates are generally high. "There is a platform of Wuhan, Hubei ' love credits ', the ' treasure ' project yields around 20% to the lenders, loans students have to pay annual interest rates of at least 25% above. "Bank loan rate Center for financial research, P2P network Group analyst Li Xianrui introduced.
Journalist e released the loan in the list to see the times, which published many of the loans were for January, the maximum loan amount ranges from hundreds to thousands, highest interest rate is 24%.
Campus loan interest rates high, Shi Pengfeng think campus loan interest rates are higher than bank credit card instalments, is given the credit of campus credit loans and small consumer loans, "but since many products will offer longer repayment, so users for the level of real interest rates is not sensitive. "Shi Pengfeng said.
Reporter product interest, loan threshold and counter measures of the new deal matters such as interviews with interesting stages, the other in charge of the brand, not so easy to answer.
Chaos 3
Low threshold and high interest DUN under the rivers and Lakes
Most student loans does not pay attention to the risk of default, event of default, students ' parents and friends phone, net loan company DUN "important".
When many students easier for school loans, and did not notice the default risk of the loan back. While some online lending platform is DUN to students as a "resort".
Interesting staging website shows that deferment is not supported, and users to the repayment date no repayment in a timely manner, will have a late fee will affect personal credit. But for a late fee charge, official website and is not displayed.
Reporters found from the staging website, users of repayment difficulties when entering "my Bill" Bill select deferred repayment of the month, may extend for up to three months. But each one-month extension to pay a service fee, deferment does not affect personal credit records, but leads to increased repayment amount for the next month, each Bill can only be extended once.
And a net loan company General Manager, told reporters late fees also Web credit company profits, fees fixed by the network credits the company's own standards. Once the overdue, students 10% for additional loans, and more.
According to Amy introduced, more publicity on campus, he was received a flyer in the dormitory. When a reporter asked whether he worried about the risks behind, Amy said, when products when there is no special emphasis on "late fee", "breach" concepts such as "makes no difference to me, because I think I will not default, then after a few months of stage I is a. ”
However, Amy said, I heard that will call parents can't pay within the time limit, this is fear. Phone students ' parents and friends, is the net loan company DUN "important".
Silver ratio analysts described the Center for financial research, P2P networks and loan group, collection methods, many campus credit platforms are "collections" such uncivilized means of collecting debts. "When student loan were asked to fill in the number of students, friends or relatives of the real contact information. "Li Xianrui introduced, if students are not paying, the platform will inform its overdue on the student's relationships.
"If he can't pay, parents can also. "A net loan company General Manager said net lending companies through a variety of ways to find students ' parents on the phone.
The net loan company General Manager, net loan company for Dun DUN set up a special team. "Before calling, texting is the company's own people, sometimes acting manager to rush the customer. Students are much easier than adults, they can scare. "The General Manager, and now the company has a dedicated team of Dun is responsible for receiving money.
A network loan company of risk control head is introduced, its has himself of a urged paragraph "ten Department song", respectively for: to all loan students mass QQ notification late, separate sent SMS, separate call, contact loan students roommate, contact students parents, again contact warning students I, sent lawyer letter, to school find students, in school public occasions posted students arrears of posters, last a step, mass SMS to students all friends. "To the fourth step, students will pay. "The net credit risk control company official said.
Campus credits the high penalty and late fees on the market situation, Gao Sheng introduction, staging and other net credit risk Alliance platform will be set up, will be "liquidated damages cap" as one of the rules.
低门槛宽审核，校园网贷乱象丛生 - 校园网贷,P2P - IT资讯
“上个月去大连玩，提现了1000元”，沿海一高校大二在读的马冬说，自己曾通过分期乐、好期贷等网络分期平台进行“取现”。马冬表示，通过网络平台提现贷款有依赖性。
而就在一个月前，迷恋赌球的河南牧业经济学院大二学生郑旭，因赌球欠下60多万的校园网贷之后，在青岛跳楼。
中国人民大学信用管理研究中心2015年8月发布的《全国大学生信用认知调查报告》显示，在弥补资金短缺时，8.77%的大学生使用贷款获取资金，其中小额信用贷款占比5.33%、网络贷款占比3.44%。
面对具有较强消费需求却无持续收入来源的大学生群体，在信用卡入校“折戟”之后，越来越多的金融平台开始“抢滩”校园网贷市场。但记者在采访时发现，在低门槛、快速放贷的诱惑背后，校园网贷市场隐藏着高利息、审核不力、风险把控不严等乱象。
市场乱象引发了监管部门的关注，近日教育部联合银监会亮出“黄牌”警示，要求加强对校园不良网络借贷平台的监管和整治。校园网络借贷将何去何从？
乱象1
平台抢食低门槛、宽审核引发风险
低门槛成了各家平台抢滩校园网贷市场的利器，平台之间对同一借款人的借款信息没有数据共享，容易引发重复授信风险。
据记者调查，给郑旭贷款的网贷平台，多达十几个。据了解，目前市场上校园网贷产品的大致分为三类：分期网站的取现贷款，如趣分期、分期乐、爱学贷、优分期等平台；投投贷、e时贷等P2P公司推出的学生信贷产品；蚂蚁花呗、京东白条为代表的依靠电商的分期产品。
各家平台为了“抢滩”校园网贷市场，低门槛、宽审核成了颇具诱惑力的一招。
在网上搜索“校园网贷”、“大学生贷款”两个关键词，出现名校贷、投投贷、e时贷等平台名称。其中“名校贷”的宣传标语显示，“借款5秒到账，最高可借5万，无面签，无抵押”。
在另一家e时贷平台上，可提供的贷款项目包括“大学生应急借款”和“大学生免费借款”。其宣传页面显示：低门槛、无需任何抵押和担保、只需身份证和学生证、全程在线操作，且名校优生可增加贷款额度。
和马冬同住一宿舍的大二学生艾米（化名）称，自己取得贷款时只用到了学信网截图、身份证号、手机号、父母手机号、舍友手机号等信息。马冬也表示，这些信息就差不多够。
对于是否有线下的信息核实过程，马冬向记者表示，“提交申请的时候说可能会有校园代理去核实情况，但是没来”。马冬还透露，根据平台需要提供的资料要求，如果同学愿意提供自己的电话、身份证等信息，和同学商量好用他的信息来贷也可以。
而在“郑旭事件”中，记者此前了解到，郑旭以黄龙的名义在多个平台上贷了10多万元。黄龙说，在诺诺镑客上办理分期，不需要签合同，也不用签字，是郑旭拿手机在寝室为他录了一段视频，上传到网上就好了。
业内专家认为，平台以“低门槛”争抢客源的操作模式，容易引发重复授信、“被贷款”、骗贷、平台坏账等风险。
“贷款门槛低、对借款人资质审查不严或根本没有资质审核。”银率金融研究中心、P2P网贷组分析师李先瑞表示，各校园贷平台之间对同一借款人的借款信息没有数据共享，同一借款人可能在多家平台同时借款，导致其负债额度过大，一旦出现问题就会比较严重。
网贷之家CEO石鹏峰称，审查资质不严格还容易发生“被贷款”事件。“大学生信息安全意识和自我保护意识不够，身份信息被其他同学借用来申请贷款。”石鹏峰认为，这种贷款往往属于不健康的贷款，甚至是骗贷性质。
优分期CEO房平表示，目前校园贷发展迅速，乱象丛生，加之相当比例的大学生信用缺失，自制力差等原因，出现多头贷款现象。据其透露，目前已联合各校园分期平台建立大学生信用联盟，呼吁参与信用联盟的企业之间加强用户信息共享，对恶意套现行为建立黑名单制度等。
分期乐桔子理财公关总监高圣昨日告诉记者，分期乐为了应对可能存在的重复授信问题，将和其他几家网贷平台成立风险联盟，共享风险数据，推动行业内信息共享。“主要是建立黑名单共享机制，比如用户在一个平台出现逾期，那么这个信息将分享给其他公司，一旦发现风险，控制在苗头，”高圣介绍，目前该联盟正处于信息对接阶段。
乱象2
学生贷成高利贷？个别利率超25%
银率网数据统计，涉及校园借贷的平台借款利率普遍较高，个别项目借款学生所付年利率达25%以上。
记者在采访中发现，大学生群体中颇为推崇的是依托电商平台的分期产品，以及趣分期、分期乐、爱学贷等分期购物平台，后者可提供取现贷款功能。
趣分期推出的“趣白条”可提供1000元及以上的借款金额，用户可选择1-18月的分期期限；分期乐的“借点花”取现业务的用途涵盖“旅游”、“吃饭”、“玩游戏”、“K歌”、“看电影”等，现金金额也从600元至1万元以上，取现金额可直达银行卡；而爱学贷在推广取现产品“取点花”时，也提供3种可抽免息券的分期组合。
用途广泛借款金额诱人背后，是平台收取的“高额利息”。
“上个月去大连玩，提现了1000元。”马冬向记者表示，自己已经多次通过网络借贷平台分期乐、好期贷进行“取现”。此前的2015年底，马冬也曾取现1000元，“当时是要买纪念币，套了些钱”。
马冬表示，第一次使用了免息额度，并分三个月还清。“这种借贷平台的利息还是蛮高的。”他向记者举例，比如在分期乐平台选择1000元的“去旅游取现”，分6个月还，月供为185.03元，即整个贷款下来，还款“利息”约为本金的11%。他向记者表示，以后还是会尽量少用这些平台，“毕竟欠着钱心里总感觉不踏实”。
和马冬同住一宿舍的艾米与李薇（均为化名）也有相同的贷款经历。据艾米描述，她们曾通过趣分期提现1999元，用于线下购买相机。“好像当时提现最高2999元，我俩都是提的1999元。”艾米称，还款“利息”并不低，自己分6期，最终还了200元左右的利息。而李薇选择了12期还款，“利息”大约为300多元。
记者查询趣分期网站发现，如选择2000元贷款额度，分6期还完，每期服务费为25.73元，加起来超过150元。
据银率网数据库不完全统计，目前涉及校园借贷的平台，借款利率普遍较高。“有一家湖北武汉的平台‘爱上贷’，其‘爱学宝’项目给出借人的收益率在20%左右，借款学生要付的年利率至少在25%以上。”银率金融研究中心、P2P网贷组分析师李先瑞介绍。
记者在e时代发布的资金借贷列表中看到，其公布的许多贷款期限均为1月，贷款金额从百元至千元不等，最高利率达到24%。
对于校园贷的利率过高问题，石鹏峰认为，校园贷的利率水平高于银行的信用卡分期，是由于校园贷属于信用类贷款，而且是小额消费类贷款，“但因为很多产品给了较长的分期还款方式，所以用户对于真实利率的高低并不敏感。”石鹏峰认为。
记者就产品利息、贷款门槛与应对新政的措施等事项采访趣分期，对方品牌负责人表示，不太好回答。
乱象3
低门槛高利息下的催债江湖
大多学生贷款时并未注意违约风险，而一旦发生违约，学生父母和朋友的电话，成为网贷公司催债的“重要武器”。
许多学生在轻松办理校园贷款时，并没有注意到贷款背后的违约风险。而一些网贷平台却对学生催债自成一套“手段”。
趣分期官网显示，不支持延期还款，若用户到了还款日期没有及时还款，会产生滞纳金且会影响个人征信。但对于滞纳金具体的收费标准，官网并没有显示。
记者在分期乐官网发现，用户还款不便时可进入“我的账单”，在当月账单上选择延期还款，可以申请延期最多三个月。但每延期一个月需要缴纳一笔服务费，延期还款不会影响个人信用记录，但会导致下月的还款金额增加，且每笔账单只可延期一次。
而一家网贷公司总经理向记者表示，逾期费也是网贷公司的利润来源，费用由网贷公司自行定标准。一旦逾期，学生要额外偿还贷款总额的10%，甚至更多。
据艾米介绍，当初校园宣传比较多，自己是在宿舍接到的传单。当记者问到是否担心背后的风险时，艾米称，当时了解产品的时候也没有特别强调“滞纳金”、“违约金”等概念，“对我来说无所谓，因为我认为我是不会违约的，当时后几月的分期我是一次交的。”
不过艾米表示，听说期限内还不清会给家长打电话，这个会被顾忌。而学生父母和朋友的电话，正是网贷公司催债的“重要武器”。
银率金融研究中心、P2P网贷组分析师介绍，在催收手段上，不少校园贷平台存在“关系催收”等不文明的催收欠款手段。“学生借款时被要求填写数名同学、朋友或亲属的真实联系方式。”李先瑞介绍，如果学生不能按时还款，平台就会把其逾期信息告知该学生的关系圈。
“如果他还不了，家长还可以还。”一家网贷公司总经理表示，网贷公司会通过多种途径找到学生父母的电话。
该网贷公司总经理介绍，网贷公司为催债成立了专门的催债团队。“以前打电话、发短信都是公司自己的人，有时也会让代理经理专门去催客户。学生都比成人简单得多，吓吓他们就可以了。”该总经理介绍，现在公司有专门的催债团队负责收款。
一家网贷公司的风险控制负责人则介绍，其有自己的一套催款“十部曲”，分别为：给所有贷款学生群发QQ通知逾期，单独发短信，单独打电话，联系贷款学生室友，联系学生父母，再联系警告学生本人，发送律师函，去学校找学生，在学校公共场合贴学生欠款的大字报，最后一步，群发短信给学生所有亲朋好友。“一般到第四步，学生就会还款了。”该网贷公司风险控制负责人说。
对于校园贷市场上存在的高额违约金、滞纳金等情况，高圣介绍，分期乐和其他网贷平台将联合成立风险联盟，将“违约金封顶”作为规则之一。