Tongji University: Campus lacks contains craftsman spirit-College of education, artisan spirits-IT information

Racing wheel of society, many people have long forgotten the need for patient, meticulous, the pursuit of perfection "and" craftsmen ".

As an important place for the spirits--University campus, seems to have not given enough attention. (Article originally contained in the workers ' daily. ）

From the individual, artisan spirit in their profession to finish, perseverance and honesty and the noble pursuit of excellence and perfection .

After the two sessions this year, artisan spirits began to receive a lot of attention, educators are calling the "made in China" need craftsmen to achieve a large number of powers, personnel training must contain craftsman spirit education.

From the national level, craftsman spirit is the system of education and social development building

From the individual, artisan spirit in their profession to finish, perseverance and honesty and the noble pursuit of excellence and perfection. "Maker" to a certain extent, there are "mediocre machine" meaning, our businesses need is exactly the kind of tenacity and persistence of "natural".

From the collective, enterprise or industry, artisan spirit is shaping and establishment of core values of the brand. Craftsman spirit is willing to buy your business, are willing to spend money on your business's consumer experience.　Also added two rows of four wheels above a sofa, why consumers are willing to pay big bucks to buy Germany cars?　You can use "worship" in a nutshell? Why we do not want to use the artisan spirit to enhance the value of products, voluntarily sell products?

In fact, low prices can easily bring excessive consumption, resulting in tremendous waste of resources. Artisan spirit, brought not only high quality products, and resource conservation. A little expansion, a craftsman spirit of human resource costs, too, paid 300,000 yuan of "artisan-type employees", its value is far greater than 3 mediocre employees earning 100,000 yuan. This is artisan spirit of added value.

In real life, we have grown used to picture: all pupils and students, only one goal: score; the vast majority of parents, pursuit of the goal or two: the college entrance examination. All University, shouted the same slogan: to be a first-class research University. However, export at the University, we found that a lot of Bachelor's, master's, and doctoral employment after graduation .

Students cannot find a job, business and people could not be found because no outside, training of professional structure problem, calling it a "structural contradictions". Current education dilemma that parents and students are not desperate, but there is only one road, facing distress is not selected. Children were rushed to the same captive in a cage. Love hands-not the child for exam, but they may be motor enthusiast, is a mechanical Assembly of enthusiasts, is a computer enthusiast, why not do a good "craftsman"?

Without the desire for glitz, not the pursuit of homogenization, steadily and targeted to do their own thing, Enterprise, education needs to be done the simple mode of thinking .

Artisan cultivation of the spirit of China's higher education in the embarrassing border

Our students are the "Gao Kao" competition winners in this way, but more knowledge, "Unfortunately", saying from the entrance of the University, cultivating engineers with artisan spirit, has lost at the starting line.

From the education point of view, if we want to put a 88 year old man or girl, carved into a "Distinguished Engineer", at least, should allow them to have "engineer temperament", and "engineer temperament", is part of classroom teaching, classroom outside enterprises or in the workshop should also be an integral part of the teaching, whether heavy or light, is self-evident.

But now, whether it be research-oriented or application-oriented universities, teaching, which is what we call the practice, almost all mainstream or not in the mainstream. To cite an example, motor on courses to students, we would prefer to keep the students in the classroom teaching mode uses slides to explain, are rarely brought students to the workshop next to the motor remove DIY. So there was a joke, a graduate of the motor doctor, at least the wiring of the motor is bad.

We can envisaged, if "practice teaching of class can accounted for to total class number of one-third, and from practice line of engineers taught accounted for total taught Shi number of one-third, and students in workshop or enterprise of time can accounted for to total system of one-third", such of three a "one-third" training out of people, even not "Excellence engineers", also will is "qualified engineers".

Originally, the universities should promote artisans more spiritual atmosphere, but the reality is, few schools can settle down to do this work. Now the campus is busy, have a passion for innovation and entrepreneurship education, are keen to learn English abroad, articles by changing fate of ... ... Closed thinking, we have to create a ground of "artisan" education, and even create a little atmosphere?

"Screw" the spirit, the word is very far from us. The University, put a lot of effort to teach the students to entrepreneurship, to realize their vision, nothing wrong with this, but if we ignore the fundamental spirit of down-to-Earth, perhaps worth .

From the Faculty said, now teachers at the University from "College" to "school", little people with business experience, we can later be added to the promotion provisions of the Engineering Faculty of business experience to this one? Even a brief internship can.

Today's College students, most of them after getting the diploma and go to work.　There is no doubt that they must "go on", and companies to hire a certain is to have "experience"--have no solutions to this paradox? Dr after graduation "doctoral" the convergence process to "reading" and "work" disharmony between embarrassment, then, can we have "post-Bachelor" phase to solve conflicts between university education and employment?

In my opinion, you can make two years to develop special policies and was in campus, University students with special training, allow them full access to social and practical at the same time, targeted education and training also can, and call it "post". "Post" can be solved, "the undergraduate theory with practice ' dilemma", also for companies looking for the right person to provide "talent pool" and "reservoir".

Cultivating senior skilled talents to create artisan spirit of professional settings

Finally, talk about craftsmen create the spirit of, I must mention is the professional college setting. College-educated "professional" must be in a certain "professional directory" for professional hosting and student training in the framework of, but now many University is one of the problems encountered, professional sets the relative stability and sealing properties, cross between professional and professionals less, professional from form to content change is difficult.

Today's society is a "rapid" society, the emergence of new "mushroom", social, economic, development of industry demand for labor is under to fit as standard, that is, enterprises need an engineer or artisan, must be closely combined with the needs of social development and scientific and technological progress and economic growth. But now face is to select objects of the enterprise is "professional directory" developed in the framework of the "greenhouse flowers."

The development of new technology, not just "fast", and also multiple technologies, multiple skills of crystallization, and we face the real barriers between College and professional, so, the robot's design and production, in what is now the University campus, are machinery, electronics, mechanics of interdisciplinary achievements. The "cross" when will become seamless, is key to the future outstanding engineers, is one of the prominent contradiction at present.

Social and economic development, people's living standards, the progress of human civilization, need to be able to address specific issues, and craftsman with craftsman spirit. Universities, particularly the University with the application name, artisan spirit to cultivate students ' should be used, rather than trying to turn every student into a scientist and leader. The supply side structural reform of talent cultivation, the head start from the artisan training, start from the artisan spirit cultivation.

同济大学教授：大学校园缺乏蕴含工匠精神的教育 - 大学生,工匠精神 - IT资讯

飞速运转的社会车轮，让不少人早已忘记了需要耐心、一丝不苟、追求完美”的“工匠精神”。

而作为这种精神传承的重要场所——大学校园，似乎也并未给予其足够的重视。（文章原载于《工人日报》。）

从个体来说，工匠精神体现在对自己所从事的职业善始善终、坚韧不拔、一丝不苟和对卓越与完美的崇高追求。

今年全国两会以后，工匠精神开始受到很多人的关注，教育界人士纷纷呼唤，“中国制造”需要一大批大国工匠来实现，人才培养必须蕴含工匠精神的教育。

从国家层面来说，工匠精神是教育和社会发展的体系性构建

从个体来说，工匠精神体现在对自己所从事的职业善始善终、坚韧不拔、一丝不苟和对卓越与完美的崇高追求。“匠”在一定程度上，还有“平庸板滞”之意，我们各行各业，需要的正是那种坚韧与执着的“板滞”。

从集体、企业或者行业来说，工匠精神是品牌的塑造和核心价值的建立。工匠精神，是所有愿意买你企业东西、愿意花钱在你企业身上的消费者的体验。同样四个轮子上面加两排沙发，为什么消费者愿意花大价钱去买德国汽车?　难道可以用“崇洋媚外”一言以蔽之?　为什么我们不愿意用工匠精神去提升产品的价值，而自愿贱卖产品?

事实上，价格低廉极易带来过度消费，造成对资源的极大浪费。工匠精神，不仅仅带来优质的产品，还带来资源的节约。稍作拓展，一个具有工匠精神的人力资源成本也一样，年薪30万元的“工匠型雇员”，其价值远远大于3位年薪10万元的平庸雇员。这，就是工匠精神的附加值。

可现实生活中，我们却对这样的图景司空见惯：全体大中小学生，目标只有一个：分数；绝大部分家长，追求的目标也无二：高考。全部大学，都喊同一个口号：争创一流的研究型大学。但是，在大学的出口，我们却发现，有不少学士、硕士、博士毕业后却就业难。

学生找不到工作、企业又找不到人，原因无外乎，人才培养的专业结构出问题了，称之为“结构性矛盾”。目前的教育困境是：家长们和学生们不是走投无路，而是只有一条路，面临没有选择的苦恼。孩子们全部被赶到一个笼子里进行雷同的圈养。爱动手的孩子不适合做题考试，但是，他们可能是电机爱好者、是机械组装的爱好者，是电脑制作的爱好者，为什么不去做一个优秀的“工匠”呢?

不追求浮华、不追求同质化、踏踏实实有针对性地做好自己的事情，是办企业、办教育都需要的质朴的思维模式。

我国高等教育工匠精神培养处于囧境之中

我们的大学生，都是“高考”这一途径的竞争胜利者，但是知识再多，如果“手不巧”，从大学的入口上说，培养具有匠人精神的工程师，已经输在了起跑线上。

再从工程师教育上来看，如果我们希望把一个十七八岁的小伙子或者大姑娘精雕细刻成“卓越工程师”，起码，应该让他们具有“工程师气质”，而这个“工程师气质”，课堂教学是一部分，课堂之外的企业或车间里的教学也应该是必不可少的一部分，孰重孰轻，不言而喻。

但如今，无论是研究型或者是应用型大学，实践环节教学，也就是我们所说的实习，几乎都不处于主流或者次主流地位。举个例子，给学生上电机课程，我们现在的教学模式是宁可把学生关在教室里用幻灯片去讲解，也很少把学生带到车间里在电动机旁边拆拆装装。于是诞生了一个笑话，一个电机毕业的博士研究生，连起码的电机的接线也接不好。

我们可以设想，如果“实践教学的课时能够占到总课时数的三分之一、来自实践一线的工程师授课占总授课时数的三分之一、学生们在车间或者企业的时间能够占到总学制的三分之一”，这样的三个“三分之一”培养出来的人，哪怕不是“卓越工程师”，也会是“合格工程师”。

本来，应用型大学应该在倡导工匠精神的氛围上有更多作为，而现实是，很少有学校能静下心来做这方面的工作。现在的大学校园很热闹，有热衷创新创业教育的、有热衷学英文出国的、有热衷考研改变命运的……掩卷深思，我们有没有营造脚踏实地做好“工匠”的教育，哪怕是营造一点氛围?

“螺丝钉”精神，这个字眼距离我们已经很遥远。大学里，投入很多精力教学生们去创业、去实现自己的远大理想，这本没有错，但是，如果忽视根本的脚踏实地的精神，也许得不偿失。

从师资队伍上说，现在大学的教师多是从“校门”到“校门”，有企业经验的人甚少，我们是不是可以在以后的工科教职的晋升条款中增加有企业经验这一条呢?　哪怕是短暂的实习也可以。

现在的大学生，大部分是拿到文凭之后就去上班。毋庸置疑，他们一下子肯定“上不了手”，而企业里招人一定是要有“工作经验”的——这个悖论有无解决办法?　博士毕业以后有“博士后”这个过程去衔接“读书”和“工作”之间不和谐的尴尬，那么，我们能不能有“学士后”这个阶段解决大学本科教育和企业用人之间的矛盾呢?

在笔者看来，可以腾出两年时间，制定特殊政策和特殊训练过程给刚刚走出校园的大学生，让他们在充分接触社会和企业实际的同时，又能接受有针对性的教育和培训，姑且称之为“学士后”阶段。“学士后”既能解决“本科毕业理论不联系实际的窘境”，也能为企业寻找合适的人选提供“人才库”和“蓄水池”。

培养高技能人才要有营造工匠精神的专业设置

最后，谈及工匠精神的营造，不得不提的就是目前大学的专业设置。大学教育的“专业”必须是在一定的“专业目录”框架下进行专业申办和学生培养，但现在很多大学遇到的一个难题是，专业设置有相对的稳定性和封闭性，专业与专业之间交叉少、专业从形式到内容的变更很难。

现在的社会是一个“日新月异”的社会，新生事物的出现犹如“雨后春笋”，社会、经济、行业的发展对用工的需求是以社会的贴合度为标准的，即企业需要的工程师或者工匠，必须紧密结合社会发展、科技进步和经济增长的需求。但现在面临的困境是企业能够挑选的对象是“专业目录”框架下培养出来的“温室花朵”。

新型技术的发展，不仅仅是“快”，也是多种技术融合、多项技能的结晶，而我们面对的现实是学院、专业之间的壁垒，所以，机器人的设计和制作，在现在的大学校园里，是机械、电子、力学的跨学科而成就的。这个“跨”何时能变成浑然一体，是培养未来卓越工程师成败的关键，也是目前突出的矛盾之一。

社会和经济发展，人们生活水平的提高、人类文明的进步，需要的是能够解决具体问题、具有工匠精神的工匠。大学，尤其是冠有工程应用型名称的大学，应该用工匠精神去培养学生，而不是试图将每个学生都培养成科学家和领军人物。人才培养的供给侧结构性改革，当先从工匠培养做起，从工匠精神的培养做起。