Interests enormous? Nu River hydropower project ran aground 10 "resurrection"
Ran aground 10 years of the nu River hydropower project, finally got a job offer. Thirteen-Five Department of energy recently drafted by the hydroelectric development plan (draft for comment) shows that among key hydropower development of nujiang River hydropower finalists again. Nu River hydropower planning began in 2000, and in 2003 had been stranded due to Central Government approval.
Completed in 2003, was adopted by the national development and Reform Commission, Yunnan province in the lower reaches of the nujiang River hydropower planning report, which with a pine cone handy, and Maggie as a leader reservoir, and the construction of 13 dams produce 102.96 billion degrees. Bowing to pressure, put on hold in the construction of 13 dams on the nu River originally planned, but one is that the game has not interest among participants.
During the two sessions this year, Li jiheng, Secretary of Yunnan Provincial Committee in reply to a reporter's question, said: "nu River hydropower full stop, will no longer be developed. ”
However, the reporter for the China Times survey found that the nu River hydropower development has been in the dark the past 13 years, Nu 66 tributary has been surrounded by small hydropower stations, and to build more small hydropower stations have been built about 90 seats. In addition, the nujiang River hydropower development of preparatory work, such as bridges, such as road repair, removal and relocation of the county seat, were carried out in the dark.
The game
Reporter interview understand to, 2003 NDRC through has nu middle and lower reaches of hydropower planning report, agreed nu middle and lower reaches of pine cone handy, and c in the Los, and Maggie, and lumadeng, and fugong, and bi River, and Asia bi Luo, and Lushui, and six library, and stone Zhai, and game grid, and rock mulberry and light slope "two library 13 level" of development programme, total capacity 21.32 million-kilowatt, years electricity 102.96 billion kW, than three gorges of capacity more 3 million-kilowatt.
However, the nu River hydropower development, as the year the three gorges hydropower, triggered a huge controversy. Opponents insist that at present only the Salween and the Yarlung zangbo River, China still maintains the original ecological, not development. Supporters say nu River hydropower development will help optimize the structure of China's power supply.
It is reported that in 2003, when Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council on the instructions of the nu River hydropower planning report was "should carefully research, scientific decision making."
Nu River hydropower planning on hold for as long as 10 years. However, according to press reports, preparations of the nujiang River hydropower development, has been low-key. For example, Huadian nu River has set up six libraries, SEG, Asia blue, such as hydroelectric power station construction, road construction company has also set up six subdivisions 4; here, six libraries, SEG, and BI-LO, Maggie 4 power station's previous work.
Early in the nu River hydropower project have invested 15 billion yuan Nan BA nu River Bridge, in 2013 through the River Canyon tunnel.
Planning the resurrection
Turning point came in the year 2012. The National Energy Board issued the notice on matters related to hydropower development in Lancang River basin (new (2012), No. 257), Huadian nu River company is fully responsible for the lower reaches of the nujiang River (Yunnan) step hydropower development. This seems to indicate that controversy 10 years of the nu River hydropower exploitation, from the level of dispute entered a practical stage.
Subsequent national development and Reform Commission issued the medium and long-term development plan for renewable energy, clearly one of the nu River hydropower base in 2020 focusing on construction, and the hydropower development "Twelve-Five" programme, the renewable "Twelve-Five" planning within the nujiang River basin of Maggie, and BI-LO, six libraries, SEG and other projects as a key construction projects.
It is learnt that the nujiang River hydropower development in 2003 from "two 13 ladder" scheme, as amended, into 2013, "a four-level".
It is understood that the "Thirteen-Five" period, China will focus on building a major water conservancy and hydropower projects, mainly in the lower reaches of the nujiang River, upper reaches of the jinsha River and the upper reaches of the Yellow River, installed capacity up to 22 million-kilowatt per cent. Department of energy disclosed that a 2020 years ago developed Yalong, dadu and jinsha, Lancang River, after 2020 focuses on the development of nujiang and Yarlung zangbo River.
Reporters combed found that "Thirteen-Five" during the key projects of the great basin, Maggie, Nu alone, and BI-LO, six libraries, SEG 4 projects, actively and orderly promoting the construction of large hydro base.
"The nu River hydropower project, need to be submitted to the State Council for approval. "Hydropower expert who declined to be named told reporters that" the nu River hydropower exploitation in the energy development plan, from the approval step. ”
Who in the promotion of
And decided that this policy change is mainly due to the participants of the game.
Nu River hydropower station of the stakeholders, including the national development and Reform Commission, local governments in Yunnan province and China Huadian group, also including the Ministry of environmental protection, media, environmentalists, etc. Among them, the programme is by the national development and Reform Commission, the Department of energy and water resources departments of Yunnan local government is based on economic considerations, promoter of the nu River hydropower exploitation.
Originates in the tanggula mountains, Nu, is rich in water resources, is one of the most important hydropower base of China, the interests of huge.
Reporter noted that, in 2002, the nujiang state-local revenue is only 105 million Yuan, and it is estimated that completion of the nu River hydropower exploitation, local revenue will increase by 2.7 billion yuan per year, only nujiang state local finance will increase by 1 billion yuan each year. It is easy to understand, invested nearly 100 billion yuan in projects even after a temporary halt, but its preparation project was "still hiding half her face from us behind her guitar" can not stop.
Strength is the most powerful supporters of the Huadian nu River, in 2003 it started after the Spring Festival to participate in hydropower development in nujiang River basin, involving prospecting, planning and design. On March 14, 2003, Huadian Corporation and Yunnan Provincial Government signed a letter of intent, supporting the development of nujiang. It is important to note, Huadian nu River full of Yunnan Huadian nu River hydropower development company, founded in 2003, shareholders including China 51%, Yunnan can cast 20% 19%, Yunnan, China resources power power 10%.
In contrast, much weaker opponents. More than reporters to the local county-level divisions prove that, while nujiang River has not yet been developed, but 66 River is surrounded by small hydropower stations, and to build more small hydropower stations have been built about 90 seats. Official data show that as of 2008, there are 45 companies in the development of nujiang River hydropower, protocol development 65 rivers, with a total investment of more than 6 billion yuan.
(Editors: Liu Cheng UN649)
2016-05-07 03:33:13
Integrated
利益诱惑巨大？怒江水电项目搁浅10年将“复活”
搁浅10年之久的怒江水电项目，终于获得转正机会。能源局最近起草的《水电发展十三五规划（征求意见稿）》显示，怒江水电再次入围重点水电发展之列。始于2000年的怒江水电规划，2003年曾因中央高层批文而搁浅。
2003年国家发改委通过了由云南省完成的《怒江中下游水电规划报告》，该规划以松塔和马吉为龙头水库，并修建13座大坝，年发电量1029.6亿度。迫于多方压力，搁置了在怒江上修建13座水坝的最初计划，但接踵而至的是各个参与者之间的博弈至今未息。
今年全国两会期间，云南省委书记李纪恒在回答记者提问时依然表示：“怒江小水电全部叫停，不再开发。”
不过，《华夏时报》记者多方调查发现，过去13年怒江水电一直处于暗中开发，怒江66条支流已被小水电站包围，已建和待建小水电站约90座。此外，怒江水电站开发的前期工作，如架桥修路、县城搬迁和移民搬迁等，均在暗中开展。
多方博弈
记者采访了解到，2003年发改委通过了《怒江中下游水电规划报告》，同意怒江中下游松塔、丙中洛、马吉、鹿马登、福贡、碧江、亚碧罗、泸水、六库、石头寨、赛格、岩桑树和光坡“两库十三级”的开发方案，总装机容量2132万千瓦，年发电量1029.6亿千瓦，比三峡的装机容量多300万千瓦。
然而，怒江水电的开发，一如当年三峡水电一样，引发了巨大争议。反对者坚称，目前中国只有怒江和雅鲁藏布江还保持着原始生态，不宜开发。支持者称，怒江发展水电，有助优化中国电力的供应结构。
据悉，2003年，时任国务院总理温家宝对怒江水电规划报告的批示是“应慎重研究，科学决策”。
此后怒江水电规划被搁置长达10年之久。不过据记者了解，怒江水电站开发的前期准备工作，一直在低调进行。比如，华电怒江先后成立六库、赛格、亚碧罗等水电站筹建处，也成立了六丙公路建设公司4个下属单位；此间，开展了六库、赛格、亚碧罗、马吉4个电站的前期工作。
尚在开展的怒江水电的前期工程还有，投资150亿元的南坝怒江大桥，2013年贯通的怒江大峡谷隧道等。
规划复活
转机出现在2012年。《国家能源局关于澜沧江等流域水电开发有关事项的通知》（国能新能〔2012〕257号）显示，华电怒江公司全面负责怒江中下游河段（云南境内）梯级电站开发。这似乎表明，争论10年的怒江水电开发，从争议层面进入实操阶段。
随后国家发改委出台的《可再生能源中长期发展规划》，明确将怒江列入2020年重点建设的水电基地之一，而《水电发展“十二五”规划》、《可再生能源“十二五”规划》均将怒江流域内的马吉、亚碧罗、六库、赛格等项目列为重点开工项目。
据悉，怒江水电开发从2003年的“两库十三梯”开发方案，经修正后变为2013年的“一库四级”。
据了解，“十三五”期间，中国将集中力量建设的重大水利水电项目，主要分布在怒江中下游、金沙江上游和黄河上游等河段，装机规模达到2200万千瓦左右。能源局曾透露，2020年前重点开发雅砻江、大渡河、金沙江、澜沧江等河流，2020年后重点开发怒江和雅鲁藏布江。
记者梳理发现，“十三五”期间各大流域的重点工程，仅怒江就有马吉、亚碧罗、六库、赛格4个项目，可积极有序推进大型水电基地建设。
“怒江水电项目，需要上报国务院批准。”一位不愿具名的水利水电专家对本报记者说，“怒江水电开发列入能源发展规划，距离审批就近了一步。”
谁在推动
而决定这一政策变化的主因在于各参与者间的博弈。
怒江水电站的利益相关者，包括发改委、云南地方政府及华电集团，也包括环保部、媒体、环保人士等。其中，方案是由发改委、能源局和水利部门负责，而云南各地方政府则基于经济发展的考量，成为怒江水电开发的推动者。
发源于唐古拉山的怒江，水能资源十分丰沛，是中国重要水电基地之一，这其中的利益诱惑巨大。
记者注意到，2002年，怒江全州地方财政收入仅为1.05亿元，而据测算，怒江水电开发建成后，每年地方财政收入将增加27亿元，仅怒江州每年地方财政就将增加10亿元。不难理解，投资近1000亿元的工程即便被短暂叫停后，但其前期准备工程却“犹抱琵琶半遮面”的进行着停不下来。
实力最为雄厚的支持者当属华电怒江，它在2003年春节后就开始参与怒江流域水电开发，涉及勘探、规划与设计等。2003年3月14日，华电集团与云南省政府签署合作意向书，支持开发怒江。需要说明的是，华电怒江全名为云南华电怒江水电开发有限公司，成立于2003年，股东包括华电51%、云南能投20%、华润电力19%、云南电投10%。
相比而言，反对者却要弱得多。记者向当地多个县级部门求证得知，尽管怒江的主河道尚未开发，但66条支流已被小水电站包围，已建和待建小水电站约90座。官方数据显示，截至2008年，就有45家企业进驻怒江开发中小水电，协议开发65条河流，总投资60多亿元。
(责任编辑：刘盛钱 UN649)
2016-05-07 03:33:13
综合