"Unsafe" shouldn't be a network about network of original sin-about cars, drop-IT information
Almost every time I fly "special train", and the drivers discussed "fast track" and "free ride" will be heard from the other side "poor security" evaluation.
After media reports showed, ride owner certification process there are loopholes to the last drop: just enter a city, license plate number and car brands, fill in the names, identity card can register orders, do not need to provide a driver's license, driving license photo, holding identity cards and pictures of people and vehicles.
It should be noted that individual sporadic traffic accidents, security cases as network about "original sin" all criticism is unfair. Taxi software swept the country is backed by a huge market demand, in fact, the traditional taxi industry is impossible to achieve zero accidents and absolutely safe.
But on the other hand, regulation on the Internet about must also be given adequate attention. NET about as representative of the sharing economy is continue to release "dividend", but new formats continued to strengthen self-management as a lifeline and must be firmly defended. Lost speed and lack of confidence in the safety of convenience, stability is unlikely to work by far.
End of March 2016, the Shenzhen Municipal Committee interview, good to the last drop-step, easy, easy, about car stars 5 network platform, informed online about vehicle platform "driver recruiting there is not strict," five questions. At the time, police preliminary investigation data show that Shenzhen nets about truck drivers found in groups with a drug record and 1425, troublemaking mental patient 1, a significant criminal record and 1661.
Convenient travel to security as the prerequisite and Foundation. As a platform, it must be approved orders by owner qualification allows the owner, this is the correct operating process, this is the industry standard and requirements, and must not in pursuit of safety hazard which may trigger traffic.
Shenzhen passenger killed by the network about truck driver robbed of incidence of malignant and alert a taxi software, some vehicle platforms and other bodies to science reengineering operational processes and practices.
It is never too late, still it is not too late.
Strengthen the management before, during and after, seek advantages and avoid disadvantages
Li Junhui (Center for studies of CUPL intellectual property researcher)
In female teachers suffered network about car driver Rob killed case in the, although driver said is in express platform registered, but drops drops response stressed passengers took of is "downwind car", if drops drops of response get support, that drops drops not carrier just information "set" who, may means with this event in the, drops drops without bear any responsibility, and drops drops response in the so-called of "not shuffle responsibility", may more is moral responsibility.
The problem was, about car platform for passengers by drops and other types of network booking car travel security the responsibility to protect? Removed to enhance the platform settled in advance screening of drivers, but is also more important to establish a complete thing, after the management mechanisms.
, When the drivers are in order, the system whether or not I have received and registered vehicles order for verification. From the angle of drivers and passengers, provides photo upload and image recognition mechanism for possible exceptions order, send reminders to passengers in a timely manner, and keep track of service, driver exception to cancel the order or marked detour during driving, should also send a reminder for all passengers in a timely manner.
Afterwards, should establish a 24-hour reporting accepted artificial mechanisms, as well as blacklist management system of vehicles and drivers in the event of illegal or malicious violations, or the driver of a vehicle shall not be on any platform and network about vehicle-related services.
Car or network about the advantages of no doubt, but how best to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, and need major platforms and regulatory authorities to reflect on. "First try" is not a problem, but if you do not establish and improve passenger safety and security mechanisms such as so-called "pioneering" may take passengers to do "experiments."
Therefore, clear platform carrier responsibility and strengthen the platform driver "before, during and after the" management, to build more passenger-friendly travel experience and security.
About car platforms or drivers how to claim, as the case may be
Liu chunquan (Duan and Duan law firm partner, the Ministry of Commerce e-commerce member of the Expert Advisory Committee)
Reverse reading from a passenger perspective, where a car driver injury or traffic accidents, how to claim from car platforms or drivers?
First of all, if network called a taxi, then directly to the taxi company, since the carrier is a taxi company and driver behavior.
Second, if the carrier was sent by the car rental companies network platform vehicles, such as drops of seagulls the traditional taxi businesses that work with platform car, still prosecution of corporate, principle ibid.
Third, if no operator's platform is called the network of private car drivers there is no taxi service card, then the current pattern, the more sensible litigation strategy is to use the driver and e-commerce platform company to court.
Because drivers compensation ability is poor, does not even exclude compensation for skills are not, insurers can be refused claims responsibility on grounds of illegal operations of private cars. Not surprisingly, the responding e-commerce platform will be to information broker platform you are not parties to the contract of carriage, so not responsible for transport as a defence. When the plaintiff's lawyer to the Court it is necessary to advocate: quality audit responsibilities as platform. Final case decisions, judges in both explanations, how to balance the interests of all parties.
Finally, at temporarily assumes that the car meets legal, legitimate driver of these two conditions, a platform for accident or injury during transport, are there any responsibilities?
For example, with a violent criminal record or history of drug abuse, the private car driver, although we also have to respect their "fresh start" right to make a living, but based on the particularity of the rental industry, security background checks for drivers, say that it is necessary. If the platform does not audit, or in the knowledge that a driver has a record of violent crime, drug abuse and other cases, still has a driver's license and vehicle release contract car business, resulting in the unfortunate event you can say platform failed in reasonable duty of care to the Court and asked the Court to sentence platform to assume some or all of the joint and several liability.
Government supervision mode with platform reference
Wang (China University Associate Professor of civil and commercial law)
Part-time network concerns about vehicle safety, often focusing on the properties of the vehicles and drivers are full time. View part-time network about vehicles not operating the vehicle, drivers have no qualification, security cannot afford. But these views do not have reliable data to prove the network about less secure than traditional taxis.
In fact, about car safety network, the key is not whether vehicles commercial vehicles, drivers are professional drivers, but the effective implementation of a reliable vehicle and driver access standards, and whether it is equipped with adequate insurance coverage. Without effective access control, dynamic management and adequate insurance coverage, even if the vehicle is operating a vehicle, drivers are professional drivers, passengers and the general public, delivery of services continues to be a high risk.
Maintain network about car safety, vehicles and drivers need to be careful daily and dynamic management. This cannot be provided by the Government, because beyond the competence and responsibility of the Government. Dynamic management of this daily onto the net about car platform is appropriate. Law and the effective implementation of sound vehicle, driver access standards and insurance requirements, platform for commercial reputation, government regulation and legal liability constraints, are motivated about vehicle safety through the management network.
United States California, imposed by the Government, such as setting standards, platform management, government regulation model for reference. This way of Government monitoring and network platform, on the one hand adapt to the network about the operating characteristics of the vehicle, reducing regulatory costs, on the one hand the dual constraint of regulatory and legal responsibilities, bringing the platform prior to the positive and dynamic management, ensure that the vehicle and driver compliance with safety standards.
In fact, network platform can establish their own safety management system, the external supervision of the Government match, forming a cooperative regulatory relationship: the Government or the authority to make standards and requirements, network implementation and implementation of standards and bear the corresponding legal responsibility. Monitoring to reduce the cost of government regulation, network platform to greater autonomy, while market competition and legal responsibility to promote the network platform for a variety of regulatory objectives are in place.
“不安全”不该成为网约车的原罪 - 网约车,滴滴出行 - IT资讯
几乎每次出行乘坐“专车”，和司机讨论“快车”和“顺风车”，都会从对方口中听到“安全性差”的评价。
此前媒体公开报道显示，滴滴顺风车的车主认证流程存在漏洞：只需输入城市、车牌号和汽车品牌，填上姓名、身份证就可注册接单，无需提供驾驶证、行驶证照片、手持身份证和人车合影照。
应该看到，把零星出现的个别交通事故、治安案件当成网约车的“原罪”横加挞伐有失公允。打车软件风靡全国背靠的是巨大的市场需求，事实上，传统出租车行业也不可能做到零事故和绝对安全。
但另一方面，对网约车的监管也必须给予充分重视。网约车作为分享经济的代表正在源源不断释放“红利”，但新业态必须把不断强化自我管理视作生命线而坚定捍卫。失去安全的速度与缺乏信任的便捷，不可能行稳致远。
2016年3月底，深圳市交委约谈滴滴、优步、神州、易到、星星等5家网约车平台，通报网约车平台“驾驶员招录存在把关不严”等五大问题。彼时，公安部门初步排查数据显示，深圳网约车驾驶员群体中发现有吸毒前科人员1425名、肇事肇祸精神病人1名、重大刑事犯罪前科人员1661名。
方便出行需以安全为前提和基础。作为出行平台，必须先审核车主资质再允许车主接单，这该是运营的正确流程，也该是行业标准和要求，万不可为了追求业务量埋下安全隐患。
深圳乘客遭网约车司机抢劫杀害的恶性事件的发生，警醒打车软件、约车平台等机构要科学再造运营流程和规范。
亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。
强化事前、事中及事后管理，趋利避害
李俊慧（中国政法大学知识产权研究中心特约研究员）
在女教师遭遇网约车司机劫杀案件中，虽然司机表示是在快车平台注册，但滴滴回应强调乘客搭乘的是“顺风车”，如果滴滴的回应得到支持，即滴滴不是承运人只是信息“撮合”者，可能意味着在此事件中，滴滴无需承担任何责任，而滴滴回应中所谓的“不推诿责任”，可能更多是道义责任。
但问题是，乘客通过滴滴等各类网约车平台预约用车，其出行安全责任到底该如何保障？除去加强对平台司机的事前入驻筛选外，更重要的是还要建立完备的事中、事后管理机制。
事中方面，在司机处于接单状态时，系统对是否系本人接单以及是否系登记车辆接单进行核实。可从司机和乘客角度，提供拍照上传及图像识别比对机制，对于可能的异常订单，及时给乘客发送提醒，并保持服务跟踪，对于行进过程中的司机异常取消订单或明显绕路行驶，也应及时给乘客发送提醒。
事后方面，应建立24小时不间断人工举报受理机制以及车辆及司机黑名单管理制度，一旦出现恶意违法或违规事件，相应的车辆或司机就不得在任何平台从事与网约车相关的服务。
专车或网约车的优势毋庸置疑，但是，如何更好地趋利避害，需要各大平台及监管部门反思。各地“先行先试”也没问题，但是，如果不建立健全乘客安全保障等机制，所谓的“先行先试”可能就变成拿乘客做“活体实验”了。
因此，明确各大平台承运人责任，强化对平台司机的“事前、事中及事后”管理，才能构建更加有利于乘客的出行服务体验和安全保障。
如何向约车平台或司机索赔，视情而定
刘春泉（段和段律师事务所合伙人，商务部电子商务专家咨询委员会委员）
从乘客角度反向解读，如果发生专车司机伤害事件或者交通事故，如何向专车平台或者司机索赔？
首先，如果通过网络叫来的是出租车，那么，直接起诉出租车公司，因为承运人是出租车公司，司机是职务行为。
其次，如果承运的是租车公司网络平台派来的车辆，比如滴滴海鸥这种传统出租车与平台合作的企业的车，仍然起诉企业，道理同上。
第三，如果通过网络平台叫来的是没有营运证的私家车，驾驶员也没有出租车的服务卡，那么，目前格局下，比较明智的诉讼策略是把驾驶员和电商平台企业一起起诉到法院。
因为司机赔偿能力差，甚至不排除一点赔偿能力都没有，保险公司也可能以私家车非法运营为由拒绝承担理赔责任。不出意外的话，被诉的电商平台一定会以自己是信息撮合平台，不是运输合同的当事人，因此不对运输行为承担责任作为抗辩。这时候原告的律师就有必要向法院主张：作为平台有资质审核义务。最终案件如何判决，就看法官在两种解释之中，如何平衡各方的利益。
第四，在先暂时假定满足合法的车、合法的驾驶员这两个条件，平台对于运输过程中的事故或者伤害行为，还有没有责任？
举例来说，对有暴力犯罪前科或吸毒史的专车驾驶员，虽然我们也要尊重他们“重新做人”的谋生权利，但基于出租行业的特殊性，对于司机的安全背景审核，不能不说是必要的。假如平台没有审核，或者在明知某司机有暴力犯罪记录、吸毒等情况下，仍然以其具有驾驶证和车辆放行承揽专车业务，结果导致发生了不幸事件，则可以向法院主张平台没有尽到合理的注意义务，进而要求法院判决平台承担一定甚至全部的连带赔偿责任。
政府与平台合作监管的模式可以借鉴
王军（中国政法大学民商经济法学院副教授）
对兼职网约车安全性的担忧，常常聚焦于车辆的属性和司机是否专职。一些观点认为，兼职网约车不是营运车辆，司机也无从业资格，安全性无从谈起。但这些观点拿不出可靠的数据，以证明网约车的安全性低于传统出租车。
实际上，网约车是否安全，最关键的并非车辆是不是营运车辆、司机是不是专职司机，而是看是否有效实施了可靠的车辆和司机准入标准，以及是否配备了充足的保险。没有有效的准入标准控制、动态管理和充足的保险，即便车辆是营运车辆、司机是专职司机，对乘客和公众而言，运送服务仍然是高风险的。
维持网约车的安全性，需要对车辆和司机进行细致的日常和动态管理。这种管理是政府无法提供的，因为超出了政府的能力和职责。这种日常的动态管理交由网约车平台承担是恰当的。只要法律规定并有效实施合理的车辆、司机准入标准和保险要求，平台出于商业声誉、政府监管和法律责任的约束，是有动力通过管理提升网约车的安全性的。
美国加州等地实行的政府设立标准、平台管理、政府监管的模式，值得借鉴。这种政府和网络平台合作监管的方式，一方面适应网约车的经营特点，降低监管成本，另一方面通过监管和法律责任的双重约束，促使平台在事前事中进行积极的和动态的管理，确保车辆和司机符合安全标准。
其实，网络平台可以自行建立安全管理体系，政府的外部监管可与之匹配，形成合作监管关系：政府制定或者监督制定标准和要求，网络平台执行和落实标准，并承担相应的法律责任。合作监管减轻了政府的监管成本，给网络平台较大的自主空间，同时又能够通过市场竞争和法律责任促使网络平台将各种监管目标落实到位。