US media: developing Hypersonic weapons in science and technology, China WINS United States China | | | weapons United States _ news
Original title: US media: China's research and development of hypersonic weapons technology and market-driven
Reference news, May 18 US media said, when a State investment in costly new defense technology analysis, research and development driving force behind behavior is very important to understand. Effective method is the analysis of the new invention technology push and market pull framework.
According to the United States the national interest, May 16, from the literal sense, innovative technologies are defined as: regardless of the intended use, research and development-driven invention; the market pull is defined as: research and development of specific market needs emerge. In applying this model to the Defense Department for analysis, key agency model is also very important. In such case, the Defense economy is the main agent for effectiveness of the army. Recently, in Hypersonic gliding vehicle (HGV) the rapid development of technology is an intriguing case apply to this concept. HGV project given highly classified if their motivation, and technology push and market pull can be established.
Hypersonic gliding vehicle development
Reported that the United States, China and Russia are developing Hypersonic weapons put a lot of time and money, the most advanced Hypersonic weapon of HGV.
The past six years, the three countries have been committed to the testing of new technologies and research and development. May 2010 to May 2013, the United States used B-52 on Boeing X-51A "wave rider" has been tested four times. It is reported that "waverider" items with a total budget of US $ 300 million. Although "waverider" plan is over, United States can still use it as a new Hypersonic weapons research and development test platform. Meanwhile, Russia SS-19 intercontinental ballistic missiles by Hypersonic glide YU-71 conducted five tests of warheads. Is for the first time in 2011, the most recent on April 19, 2016. Up to now, the Chinese DF-ZF 7 times the total testing. It is speculated that the test should be use DF-21 as the launch platform. Amid speculation that China can also use DF-11, 15, 16, 21, and 26lai transmitters HGV.
Reports from China's numerous tests, it was indeed a successful research and development of such weapons, regardless of its high cost and technical instability. Information about China's defense spending in very general terms, unknown and the outside world with respect to HGV developed and tested specific inputs. China put on the DF-ZF may be related to United States in the "wave" on the inputs. Removal costs, China is determined to develop Hypersonic weapons as well as other unknown factors.
Technology-driven DF-ZF
Reports that China was not clear DF-ZF research and development purposes. Her intentions, external interpretation are manifold. China regularly test the technology might show that the HGV-seeking behaviour is to "technology nationalism". DF-ZF use the launch platform and United States "waverider" different from the launch platform, which shows that China means the weapon used on independent research and development. Given China's considerable attention to independent technical progress, push for the weapons research and development may be for being viewed as pioneers in this field. Perhaps more focused on high-tech arms race, China defeated the United States this goal, rather than to the intended use of the weapons.
The past 10 years, has been declared in East Asia, China defeated the United States ballistic missile defense system. Meanwhile, Russia, and Japan and Korea and other regional powers will not hesitate to spend heavily in ballistic missile defense next leg. Due to the HGV limitations and obstacles to the ballistic missile defense role, China made investment in this technology is not surprising. If China were to be developed for this purpose HGV technologies, DF-ZF plans can be regarded as directly as strategic military objectives, and if not, it should be included in the scope of market pull.
Both consider
Reports that HGV is not only China's development for technology, but also for market pull. China's research and development of hypersonic gliding vehicle before the main motive was to rob the other countries to achieve this goal. However, in other words, China can entirely for military purposes to develop such a weapon. If the DF-ZF is based on technology research and development to promote, as China, the United States and Russia between the Hypersonic weapons competition may occur and the acute. As a result, China is likely to continue frequent HGV test to keep its external territories formed a technology and industry-leading features.
If HGV develop out of market pull, then an increase in the number of ballistic missile defense systems in the region are China clear driver of the HGV. Speculation that China is actively seeking ways to improve its combat capabilities in the region. However whether this plan is for technology to promote, or market pull, or both, trying to figure out why China will further actively sought the weapons program is very important. (Compile/Akon)
Source: reference news network
Responsible editor: Wang Hao
Article keywords:Chinese weapons United States
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美媒:中国研发高超音速武器 欲在科技上胜美国|中国|武器|美国_新闻资讯
原标题：美媒:中国研发高超音速武器 受技术与市场双重驱动
参考消息网5月18日报道 美媒称，当对一个国家在造价高昂的新一代国防技术上的投资进行分析时，理解研发行为背后的驱动力是非常重要的。对新发明进行分析的有效方法就是技术推动和市场拉动框架。
据美国《国家利益》网站5月16日报道，从字面意义来看，创新将技术推动定义为：不考虑预期用途，研发推动的发明；将市场拉动定义为：因特定市场需求应运而生的研发行为。在运用这一模型对国防部门进行分析时，将关键代理模型考虑在内也是非常重要的。在此种情况下，国防经济就是为军队效力的主要代理者。近来，中国在高超音速滑翔飞行器（HGV）技术方面的快速发展便是个适用于这一概念的耐人寻味的案例。鉴于中国的HGV项目高度保密，若究其动机，技术推动和市场拉动都可成立。
高超音速滑翔飞行器近来发展
报道称，美国、中国和俄罗斯均在研发各种高超音速武器上投入了大量时间金钱，高超音速武器中最先进的便是HGV。
过去六年来，这三个国家一直致力于这项新技术的测试和研发。2010年5月至2013年5月，美国利用B-52轰炸机对器波音公司X-51A“乘波者”进行了四次测试。据悉，“乘波者”项目的总预算为3亿美元。尽管“乘波者”计划已经结束，美国仍可将其作为新型高超音速武器的研发测试平台。与此同时，俄罗斯则对SS-19洲际弹道导弹用高超音速滑翔弹头YU-71进行了五次测试。第一次是在2011年，最近的一次则在2016年4月19日。截至目前，中国的DF-ZF一共进行了7次测试。据推测，测试应该使用了DF-21作为发射平台。外界猜测称，中国还可利用DF-11、15、16、21和26来发射器HGV。
报道称，从中国进行的多次测试来看，它的确是一心想成功研发这种武器，而不在乎其高昂的造价以及技术的不稳定。关于中国国防开支的信息非常笼统，因而外界无从知晓其在HGV研发测试方面的具体投入。中国在DF-ZF上的投入很可能与美国在“乘波者”上的投入相当。除去造价，促使中国下决心研发高超音速武器的还有其他未知因素。
技术推动型DF-ZF
报道称，中国并未明确说明DF-ZF的研发目的。对于其意图，外界的解读可谓五花八门。中国近来定期测试该技术的行为或许表明，其寻求HGV的行为是为了“技术民族主义”。DF-ZF使用的发射平台与美国“乘波者”的发射平台有所不同，而这就显示出，中国在该武器上使用了自主研发手段。鉴于中国对自主技术进步相当重视，力促该武器的研发可能是为了被他人视作该领域的先驱。中国或许更侧重于在高科技武器竞赛中打败美国这个目标，而非致力于武器的预期用途。
过去10年来，中国一直都宣称其在东亚地区挫败了美国的弹道导弹防御系统。与此同时，俄罗斯、日本和韩国等其他地区大国也不惜在弹道导弹防御方面花重金下血本。由于HGV可对弹道导弹防御起到限制和阻碍作用，中国选择在这一技术上做投资也就不足为奇了。如果中国是出于这一目的大力开发HGV技术，那么DF-ZF计划就可被视作直接为战略军事目标服务，若否，就应将之划入市场拉动范围。
两者综合考虑
报道称，中国发展HGV既是出于技术推动，也是出于市场拉动。中国研发高超音速滑翔飞行器的主要动机可能是抢在其他国家之前实现这一技术目标。不过换句话说，中国也可以完全出于军事目的来发展这一武器。如果研发DF-ZF是基于技术推动，那么中国、美国和俄罗斯之间的高超音速武器竞赛就可能会出现加剧和尖锐化。如此一来，中国很可能会持续频繁的进行HGV测试，以保持其对外界形成的一种技术成就和业界领先的面貌。
如果说HGV的研发是出于市场拉动，那么该地区数量增多的弹道导弹防御系统就是中国研发HGV的清晰无误的驱动力。就此推测，中国是在积极的寻求办法，来提升其在该地区的打击能力。然而无论此项计划是出于技术推动也好，还是市场拉动也好，抑或两者兼有之，尝试进一步搞清中国为何会积极寻求这一武器计划是非常重要的。（编译/文怡）
来源：参考消息网
责任编辑：王浩成
文章关键词： 中国 武器 美国
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