23, China developed a Yuan-hsun has had media parsing their feats | two bombs | 17 people died _ the owls news
Original title: 23 "two bombs and one satellite" credited with 17 people have left us to go to
Reporter/Li Hongpeng
According to the CCTV report, one of the founders of China's nuclear weapons, "two bombs and one satellite" Meritorious Service Medal winner, academician, former Vice President of the China Academy of engineering physics, nuclear industry science and technology Deputy Director Chen Nengkuan comrades died May 27, 2016, at 12 o'clock in Beijing, at the age of 94.
Sea view reference reporter statistics, up to now, the 23 has been 17 people in two bombs and a hero to go away.
"Two bombs and one satellite" some fathers photo "Two bombs and one satellite" hero in the death of 17 people
On September 18, 1999, in People's Republic of China established 50 annual Zhiji, Central, and State, and CMC Grand recognition for China "developed a" career made highlight contribution of 23 bit technology experts, and grant they "developed a feats Medal", respectively for Wang ganchang, and Deng jiaxian, and Zhao Jiuzhang, and Yao Tongbin, and Qian Ji, and money three strong, and Guo yonghuai, and Wu Ziliang, and Chen fangyun, and Yang jiachi, and pioneers, and Qian xuesen, and Zhu Guangya, and Huang Weilu, and Tu Shoue, and Wang daheng, and Cheng kaijia, and Wang Xiji, and Yu, and Sun jiadong , And Ren Xinmin, and Chen Nengkuan, and ZHOU Guangzhao.
Sea view reference journalist Combs found at present 23 "two bombs and one satellite" hero has died, 17.
Among them, Yao Tongbin died in 1968, was the first to leave us the 23 people. Yao Tongbin has presided over the development of this direction of development and planning, led and participated in hundreds of topics in advance of research and development, made a lot of new products, and other scientific and technological achievements, for the development of China's missile and space provided technical supplies. Have made outstanding achievements in cultivating talents, for the development of aerospace material and process technology have made important contributions. Yao Tongbin made an outstanding contribution to the development of China's aerospace industry, was posthumously revolutionary martyrs
When Qian xuesen died, many world leaders attended his funeral ceremony. Enough to prove that Qian made outstanding contributions.
2011 primary is one of the pioneers of nuclear science in China "two bombs and one satellite" hero died Zhu Guangya. In December 2004, in recognition of Zhu Guangya on China's science and technology in particular Atomic Energy's outstanding contributions to science and technology development, approved by the international minor planet Center and the international asteroids naming Committee China's National Astronomical Observatory discovered asteroids, 10,388th, international number, officially named "Zhu Guangya stars."
Chen Nengkuan: the pioneer of Chinese nuclear weapon detonation physics
In the "two bombs and one satellite" on the merit, there was such a special person, in one-fourth for nearly a century, his name is not known. Others think that he is just an ordinary worker of science and technology.
Was asked to participate in the development of the atomic bomb is the most critical "detonation physics experiment" when he never touched explosives somehow even a detonator. However, his mission, under the most difficult conditions to overcome technical problems at the world level. He is an academician, famous physicist Chen Nengkuan metal.
According to the report in science, he was in the United States students also have the opportunity to stay in the United States, he decided to return home. "The United States, research and living conditions were so good, you do not have to leave? New China so poor! "The United States colleagues, friends did not understand Chen Nengkuan eager to return home.
"China is my motherland, I have no reason not to love her. This kind of sincere love, like Cupid's arrow, is love not, as Lu Xun's verse says, this is ' spirit no longer escape the gods '. "Chen Nengkuan not forgotten, he made when he was young" knowledge nation "that vision.
Special times, special mission. Because it is a secret mission, Chen Nengkuan, not knowing how to explain to his wife to shoulder the responsibility, he would only say: "If the Organization let me go you could not find, I can't contact you, do you understand? ”
From the moment he accepted the task. Home wife, Chen Nengkuan becomes abstract box number, she never know where their husbands are.
Chen Nengkuan is China's nuclear weapon detonation physics pioneer, for China's development of nuclear weapons and the development of advanced science and technology for national defense under the State merit. In the development of China's first atomic bomb, hydrogen bomb and nuclear weapons development, principal leadership for a nuclear device detonation physics, explosives and explosive physical chemistry, experimental nuclear physics research in the field of work.
Chen Nengkuan was involved in most of China's nuclear testing programme and organizational leadership. His transformation of attention on nuclear test explosions, nuclear explosions from air blast, blast turned adit and shaft test. Nuclear testing at a time will be faced with many new technical challenges, Chen Nengkuan, and his team with the enormous effort and costs. Each success is easy.
According to the report in science, conducted a nuclear test costly, not an exaggeration to say, many chefs is difficult to change. In the case of nuclear weapons technology, China is the country of least experiments, conducted only 45 nuclear tests in total. Compared to the Soviet Union and the United States thousands of times, we just a fraction. Our researchers "an experiment results" out of a nuclear technology development road with Chinese characteristics. And Chen Nengkuan made an important contribution in this regard.
Three fathers are alumni
Sea view reference journalists combing found 23 developed a hero only 6 people are now alive, this 6 people-Cheng kaijia, Wang Xiji, Yu Min, Sun jiadong, and Ren Xinmin, and ZHOU Guangzhao.
Yu in China's hydrogen bomb theory breakthrough solved the basic problem presented in principle to form the basic complete set of ideas, play a key role. Since long-term leadership of nuclear weapons research, design, solving theoretical problems. On the further development of nuclear weapons, China made an important contribution to the international advanced level.
Wang Xiji is early in the development of rocket and spacecraft in China and one of the organizers. China's first liquid-fuel rocket, meteorological rockets, technical director of biological rocket altitude test rocket and put forward China's first satellite launch vehicle "long first" technical solutions.
Sun jiadong, is an expert in rocket and satellite technology. He served as East third, communication and broadcasting satellite, FY-second weather satellites, CBERS three Chief Architect of China's second generation of satellite engineering, responsible for the three large scale engineering systems design, technology decisions and technical coordination. China is recognized as "the father of the satellite."
Ren Xinmin is an expert in missile engines and liquid technology, served as head of rocket technology led the launch of China's first man-made satellite, formerly a practical satellite, FY-first experimental satellite communications, meteorological satellites, launching foreign satellites and six other large aerospace engineering architect, chaired the development and launch.
ZHOU Guangzhao, participate in and lead explosive physics, radiation hydrodynamics, high temperature and high pressure physics, two-dimensional hydrodynamic, Neutron Physics and other fields of work, has achieved many important results with actual value, these results to understand the movement of nuclear weapons inside, laid the groundwork for nuclear weapon design.
Cheng kaijia is one of the pioneers of China's nuclear weapons research and made outstanding contributions during the development and testing of nuclear weapons. Initiating, planning new research in the field of led radiation hardened technology. Directed energy, China is new and one of the pioneers in the field of high power microwave research.
23 "two bombs and one satellite" Yuan-hsun, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, nationals 6, 3 people in Anhui, Hubei and Hunan by 2 people, Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Yunnan, 1 each. Qian sanqiang, Tu Shoue the same for the people of huzhou city, Zhejiang Province, Cheng kaijia, and Yang jiachi of Wujiang, Jiangsu Province, people.
In addition to Zhu Guangya, a pioneers are people in Hubei. He was born in 1915, graduated from Department of Physics of Tsinghua University in 1935. 1938 United Kingdom University of Edinburgh to study, principles of leading and participating in the atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb breakthrough strategic nuclear weapons research, design and work in neutron radiation physics, fluid mechanics, condensed matter physics, detonation physics, and other fields has made a range of theories has important significance to the practice, and train a group of outstanding talents for China's nuclear industry.
Reporters combed found, with the exception of Qian Ji, ZHOU Guangzhao, Yu Min 3 people, and the rest have studied or worked abroad.
Qian Ji Teachers College in 1943, graduated from the Central University; ZHOU Guangzhao, 1951, graduated from Tsinghua University, for outstanding achievements were awarded the title of doctor honoris causa by several well-known universities around the world; Yu 1949 graduate and serves as a teaching assistant in the Physics Department.
Study abroad experience, there are several Alumni fathers, Tu Shoue and Qian xuesen was United States MIT master's degree, Cheng kaijia pioneers and had studied in United Kingdom University of Edinburgh, Zhu Guangya and Ren Xinmin United States University of Michigan study. Qian xuesen and Guo yonghuai received a doctor degree and stayed at the California Institute of technology.
Responsible editor: Wang Hao
Article keywords:Two bombs and Yuan-hsun
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中国23位两弹一星元勋已有17人离世 媒体解析其功绩|两弹一星|元勋_新闻资讯
原标题：23位“两弹一星”功臣中已有17人离我们而去
记者/李洪鹏
据央视报道，中国核武器事业的奠基人之一，“两弹一星”功勋奖章获得者，中国科学院院士，原中国工程物理研究院副院长，核工业部科技委副主任陈能宽同志于2016年5月27日12时在北京逝世，享年94岁。
观海内参记者统计发现，截止目前，23位两弹一星功臣中已有17人离我们而去。
“两弹一星”部分元勋合影 “两弹一星”功臣中17人辞世
1999年9月18日，在中华人民共和国成立50周年之际，党中央、国务院、中央军委隆重表彰为我国“两弹一星”事业作出突出贡献的23位科技专家，并授予他们“两弹一星功勋奖章”，分别为王淦昌、邓稼先、赵九章、姚桐斌、钱骥、钱三强、郭永怀、吴自良、陈芳允、杨嘉墀、彭桓武、钱学森、朱光亚、黄纬禄、屠守锷、王大珩、程开甲 、王希季、于敏、孙家栋、任新民、陈能宽、周光召。
观海内参记者梳理发现，目前23位“两弹一星”功臣已有17位辞世。
其中，姚桐斌于1968年辞世，是这23位功臣中最先离开我们的。姚桐斌曾主持制订了该所的发展方向与规划，领导和参加了数百项课题的预先研究和研制，取得了大量的新产品及其他科技成果，为我国导弹与航天事业的发展提供了技术贮备。在培养科技人才方面做出了卓越的成绩，为航天材料与工艺技术的发展做出了重要贡献。姚桐斌为我国航天事业的发展做出了卓越的贡献，被追认为革命烈士
而钱学森去世时，多位国家领导人都参加了他的遗体告别仪式。足以证明钱学森为我国做出的卓越贡献。
2011年中国核科学事业的主要开拓者之一也是“两弹一星”功臣的朱光亚辞世。2004年12月，为表彰朱光亚对我国科技事业特别是原子能科技 事业发展做出的杰出贡献，国际小行星中心和国际小行星命名委员会批准将我国国家天文台发现的、国际编号为10388号小行星正式命名为“朱光亚星”。
陈能宽：中国核武器爆轰物理学的开拓者
在“两弹一星”的功勋册上，有这样一位特别的人物，在长达近四分之一世纪的时间里，他隐姓埋名不为人知。旁人以为，他就是一个普通的科技工作者。
受命参与原子弹研制中最为关键的“爆轰物理试验”之时，他却从未接触过炸药，甚至连雷管都不知为何物。然而，他却不辱使命，在极为困难的条件下攻克了世界级的技术难题。他，就是中国科学院院士、著名金属物理学家陈能宽。
据《中国科学报》报道，他曾在美国留学也有机会留在美国，他却毅然回国。“美国的科研和生活条件这么好，你非走不可吗？新中国那样穷困！”美国的同事、朋友对陈能宽急于回国很不理解。
“新中国是我的祖国，我没有理由不爱她。这种诚挚的爱，就像是被爱神之箭射中了一样，是非爱不可的，正如鲁迅的诗句所说，我是‘灵台无计逃神矢’啊。”陈能宽没有忘记，自己年少时曾许下“知识报国”的那个宏愿。
特殊的年代，特殊的使命。因为是机密任务，陈能宽不知该如何向妻子解释自己将肩负的责任，他只是说：“如果组织让我去一个你找不到，我也不能跟你联系的地方工作，你会理解吗？”
自他接受任务的那一刻起。对于家中妻子而言，陈能宽就变成了一个个抽象的信箱号码，她从不知道自己的丈夫身处何方。
陈能宽是中国核武器爆轰物理学的开拓者，为中国核武器的研制和国防尖端科学技术的发展立下功勋。在我国第一颗原子弹、氢弹及核武器的发展研制工作中，主要领导组织了核装置爆轰物理、炸药和装药物理化学、实验核物理等学科领域的研究工作。
陈能宽参与了中国大部分核试验的方案制定和组织领导工作。他把视线投向核试验爆炸方式的转变，将核爆炸方式从空爆、地爆逐步转向平洞和竖井试验。每次核试验，都会面临许多新的技术难题，都会使陈能宽和他的研究团队付出极大的努力和代价。每一次的成功都来之不易。
据《中国科学报》报道，开展一次核试验耗资很大，不夸张地说，很多数据是千金难换。在核武器研制技术水平相当的情况下，我国是开展实验次数最少的国家，总共只进行了45次核试验。相比起苏联和美国上千次的试验次数，我们只是他们的零头。我国科研人员“一次实验，多方收效”，走出了一条具备中国特色的核武器科技发展道路。而陈能宽在这方面作出了重要贡献。
元勋们有三对是校友
观海内参记者梳理发现，目前23位两弹一星功臣仅6人健在，这6人为程开甲、王希季、于敏、孙家栋、任新民、周光召。
于敏在中国氢弹原理突破中解决了一系列基础问题，提出了从原理到构形基本完整的设想，起了关键作用。此后长期领导核武器理论研究、设计，解决了大量理论问题。对中国核武器进一步发展到国际先进水平作出了重要贡献。
王希季是中国早期从事火箭及航天器的研制和组织者之一。中国第一枚液体燃料探空火箭、气象火箭、生物火箭和高空试验火箭的技术负责人；提出中国第一颗卫星运载火箭“长征一号”的技术方案。
孙家栋是运载火箭与卫星技术专家。他担任东方红三号通信广播卫星、风云二号气象卫星、中巴资源卫星三个我国第二代应用卫星工程的总设计师，负责上述三个工程大系统的总体设计、技术决策和技术协调。被业界公认为中国的“卫星之父”。
任新民是导弹总体和液体发动机技术专家，曾作为运载火箭的技术负责人领导了中国第一颗人造卫星的发射；曾担任试验卫星通信、实用卫星通信、风云一号气象卫星、发射外国卫星等六项大型航天工程的总设计师，主持研制和发射工作。
周光召参与并领导开展了爆炸物理、辐射流体力学、高温高压物理、二维流体力学、中子物理等多个领域的研究工作，取得了许多具有实际价值的重要成果，这些成果为弄清核武器产品内部的运动规律，为核武器的理论设计奠定了基础。
程开甲是中国核武器研究的开创者之一，在核武器的研制和试验中作出突出贡献。开创、规划领导了抗辐射加固技术新领域研究。是中国定向能高功率微波研究新领域的开创者之一。
23位“两弹一星”元勋中，江苏和浙江籍人各6人，安徽3人，湖北和湖南各2人，云南、辽宁、河北、山东各1人。钱三强、屠守锷同为浙江省湖州市人，程开甲和杨嘉墀同为江苏省吴江县人。
除朱光亚外，彭桓武也是湖北人。他1915年生，1935年清华大学物理系毕业。1938年赴英国爱丁堡大学留学，领导并参加原子弹、氢弹的原 理突破和战略核武器的理论研究、设计工作，在中子物理、辐射流体力学、凝聚态物理、爆轰物理等多种学科领域取得了对实践有重要指导意义的一系列理论成果， 并为中国核事业培养了一批优秀人才。
记者梳理发现，除钱骥、周光召、于敏3人，其余都在国外学习或工作过。
钱骥1943年毕业于中央大学师范学院；周光召1951年毕业于清华大学，因杰出成就后被多所世界知名大学授予荣誉博士称号；于敏1949年在北京大学物理系攻读研究生并兼任助教。
而在留学经历中，元勋们有好几对校友，屠守锷和钱学森都获美国麻省理工学院硕士学位，彭桓武和程开甲都曾留学英国爱丁堡大学，任新民和朱光亚都在美国密歇根大学留学。钱学森和郭永怀在加州理工学院获博士学位并留校工作。
责任编辑：王浩成
文章关键词： 两弹一星 元勋
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