Per million children in China are only 5 pediatricians | pediatrician _ news
The child welfare policy in 2016, according to the report, China Pediatrics doctor 3 years do not fall, quantity shortages; preschool infants low

The Beijing News (reporter Wu Wei) Chinese child welfare week yesterday in the Office of the United Nations Children's Fund in China started. Chinese public welfare Research Institute published a report on child welfare policy in China of 2016 (hereinafter the "report"), pointing out that Chinese children's social problems more urgent to strengthen the construction of the child welfare system.

Report, the pediatrician a severe shortage in China, rather than increasing the number drop in nearly three years, only 5 per 10,000 children in China pediatrician. Meanwhile, the report also referred to, 2-person and 3-person households has more than half of China, rapid release weakening of family functions in need of social welfare services.

　　Pediatrician 3 years about 3000 people

The report refers, according to the China Statistical Yearbook on health and family planning, and 2014 in pediatric practice (Assistant) the total number of doctors 3.9%, about 113,000 people. From 2010 to 2014, my pediatrician had not increased, but decreased by about 3,000 people.

"Our calculations, China only had 5 children per 10,000 0-14 paediatrician, while the United States has 16 million children a pediatrician. "The Chinese public welfare Research Institute report said Gao Huajun, Deputy Dean, paediatric doctor shortage is imminent.

The report also referred to the lack of medication for children and there are security issues, Gao Huajun also introduced drugs for children have been less less varieties and specifications, dosage forms and so on. "According to China nonprescription medicines Association data show that over more than 3,500 varieties of pharmaceutical preparations, designed for children of just more than 60 kinds of less than 2%. "Gao Huajun said.

　　Over 10 million children free admission opportunities

Apart from the lack of pediatricians, and kindergarten teachers and child care than are lower than the standard level. Reported according to the introduction in 2013 of the kindergarten teachers are equipped with a standard (provisional), kindergarten teachers and child care should be 1:5-1:7, and the 2014 national education statistics, and child care than of actual staff 1:19, just under one-third.

At the pre-school level, the report states that, gross enrollment ratio of 70.5% was 3% higher than the previous year, but still 30%, 1000yuwanming child without admission chances. Report that the allocation of compulsory education resources, and differences still exist. More area of the floating population, due to the recurring baby boomers and exotic the dual factors of continued population growth, this has been the education insufficient carrying capacity could increase.

　　2-person and 3-person households accounted over half

Report mentioned that under the National Health Commission of the report on China's domestic development 2015 according to family size 2 person and 3-person households in the highest proportion, 21.9% per cent and 31.7% per cent respectively.

Report says more children born after fertility policy adjustment, community childcare services, early education and training, high quality educational resources, children's health insurance, major disease relief and other child welfare services to a wide range of basic needs will continue to release.

　　Orphan living only for the monthly per capita income of 62%

Report, September 2015, the State built difficult disability living allowance and severe disabilities issued opinions on the nursing allowance system, clearly stated "enjoy the orphans and children with disabilities do not enjoy basic life security policies difficult to disability living allowance, will receive a severe disability care allowance".

At the end of April 2016, 29 provinces nationwide clear criteria for severe disability care allowance, Zhejiang Province, per capita subsidies of up to 750 Yuan per month, in Beijing and Shanghai tied for second, 300 yuan per capita subsidy levels high for months.

To orphan basic living expenses compared with the per capita disposable income remained at a low level in order to orphan's basic living expenses, for example, monthly per capita 1143.3 only of national 62% of monthly per capita disposable income of 1830.5 Yuan. Report, 2015 orphans living expenditures in the central budget accounting for only GDP0.003%, Brazil, and Russia, BRICS countries child allowances of public finance expenditure as a proportion of GDP 0.5%, compared to 0.025%, there is still huge room for growth.

Responsible editor: Liu Debin SN222

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中国每万名儿童仅5个儿科医生 |儿科医生_新闻资讯
《中国儿童福利政策报告2016》显示儿科医生3年不增反降，数量紧缺；幼教幼儿比偏低

　　新京报讯 （记者吴为）昨日中国儿童福利周在联合国儿童基金会驻华办事处启动。中国公益研究院发布了《中国儿童福利政策报告2016》（下称“报告”），指出中国儿童社会问题多发亟待加强儿童福利制度建设。

　　报告提出，中国儿科医生严重紧缺，近三年来数量不增反降，中国每1万名儿童仅有5个儿科医生。同时，报告还提到，中国2人和3人家庭已超过半数，家庭功能弱化需要社会快速释放儿童福利服务。

　　儿科医生3年减少约3000人

　　《报告》提到，根据中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴，2014年儿科执业（助理）医生仅占总人数3.9%，约为11.3万人。2010年至2014年我国儿科医生总量并未增长，反而减少了约0.3万人。

　　“我们测算，中国每一万名0-14岁儿童仅有5个儿科医生，而美国万名儿童拥有16名儿科医生。”发布报告的中国公益研究院常务副院长高华俊表示，儿科医生紧缺问题已迫在眉睫。

　　《报告》还提到儿童用药缺乏且存在安全问题，高华俊还介绍，儿童用药一直存在品种少、规格少、剂型少等问题。“据中国非处方药物协会数据显示，我国3500多种药物制剂品种中，专供儿童使用的仅有60多种，不足2%。”高华俊表示。

　　超1000万幼儿无入园机会

　　除儿科医生缺乏外，幼儿园教职工与幼儿比也低于标准水平。报告称，根据2013年实行的《幼儿园教职工配备标准（暂行）》，幼儿园教职工与幼儿比应为1：5-1：7，而2014年全国教育事业发展统计公报显示，实际教职工与幼儿比为1：19，仅达到规定的三分之一。

　　在学前教育方面，报告指出，毛入学率70.5%虽比上一年度提高了3个百分点，但仍有30%、1000余万名幼儿没有入园机会。报告认为，义务 教育资源配置方面，差异仍然存在。流动人口较多的地区，由于受到周期性生育高峰和外来人口持续增长的双重因素影响，本已出现的教育承载能力不足的情况可能 加剧。

　　2人到3人家庭占比超半

　　报告提到，根据国家卫生计生委《中国家庭发展报告2015》数据显示，我国家庭规模中2人家庭和3人家庭比例最高，分别占到21.9%和31.7%。

　　报告称，生育政策调整后更多儿童的出生，社区托幼服务、早期教育培训、优质教育资源、儿童医疗保险、重特大疾病救助等儿童福利服务多方面的基本需求将不断释放。

　　孤儿基本生活费仅为月人均收入62%

　　报告提到，2015年9月，《国务院关于全面建立困难残疾人生活 补贴和重度残疾人护理补贴制度的意见》印发，明确提出“享受孤儿基本生活保障政策的残疾儿童不享受困难残疾人生活补贴，可享受重度残疾人护理补贴”。

　　截至2016年4月底，全国29个省份明确了重残护理补贴标准，浙江省月人均补贴标准最高可达750元，北京、上海并列其次，补贴标准最高同为月人均300元。

　　以孤儿基本生活费与全国人均可支配收入相比仍处于较低水平，以孤儿基本生活费为例，月人均1143.3元标准仅达全国月人均可支配收入 1830.5元的62%。报告认为，2015年孤儿基本生活费中央财政支出仅占当年GDP0.003%，与巴西、俄罗斯等金砖国家公共财政儿童津贴支出占 GDP的比例0.5%、0.025%相比，仍然存在着非常巨大的增长空间。

责任编辑：刘德宾 SN222

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儿科医生

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