China ethnic News: Muslim lifestyle private limited Muslim areas
Entrance to the Muslim community is familiar with diets, meals at restaurants and various labelled halal goods. However, with the movement of Muslims in the country, habits and carrying carrying, as well as in commercial activities, including catering, halal began to become the target words, make nothing more than religious beliefs require customs and security of identity suffered embarrassment.
In recent years, there are some problems in the food industry. Part of venal producer in the food production process, feel free to add a negative to health ingredients, presented a huge challenge to the safety and security of the food industry. Halal food industries have also developed the same problem rampant fake. In order to ensure that halal food is not affected, there have been proposals for the legislature of Islamic food, prevention of food material selection, production, packaging, marketing and other aspects, not separated from non-halal food effects Muslim life as forbidden.
Halal is run through the Muslim Muslim daily life's philosophy and principles. Among them, including Muslims in terms of study and dedication, in the family from basic necessities to filial, parental and marital harmony and more "clean and unpolluted" in society and human kindness, forgiveness, and enjoying a relationship of solidarity and harmony throughout the cultural ecology, ecological balance and quite satisfactory.
Halal select items in some detail and life are closely linked. In terms of food, Muslims are not only have a taboo on pork, animal foods given to the Islamic Scriptures there are taboos, including effects on physical health, dignified and thought of imported food, have the same taboo. But these are the result of Muslim personal life choice, outsiders should not interfere, also do not have to say, comment, think it's too strict, too self-isolation.
But a real problem is that the halal market in social participation, the participants not only Muslims, and people of other nationalities and faiths, including producers in halal food, supplies, halal food services personnel, as well as consumers of halal products, and so on, halal began beyond the scope of Muslim Affairs.
For Muslims, there should be some rules and regulations to standardize the market, guarantee the health of halal food, health, security and conform to the requirements of the religious system. It is also recommending the legislature of Islamic food in the first place.
Halal food, supplies of choice, only Muslims follow a system in accordance with Islamic religious life, has long been a habit of Muslim life. In the social market economy, party supply side sees potential profits in the market.
So he has turned to Muslim lifestyle to the label, the halal label needn't products the halal label, consciously and unconsciously to Muslims as their choice of personal will, to the objective and generalization of products halal. Was supposed to matter whether products labelled halal halal label brings in choice for non-Muslim consumers confused embarrassment of halal itself encountered can be used. For Muslims, this random tagging, and watch their own religion beliefs brought a selection of puzzles, also makes some claims positive negative effect of WTO's Muslims have been imprisoned.
Halal suffered embarrassment, the legislature of Islamic food suffers the embarrassment. Whether protection for halal food legislation has been discussed. Recommended lawmakers believe, because the requirements of the religious system, Muslims need to adhere to Muslim lifestyle, this lifestyle and non-Muslims is often not understood. In halal food production and consumption process, because strange and don't know, prone to conflict, if there is no effective solution, in accordance with the law, ethnic unity and social stability, social harmony and leaves. Opposition legislators believe that according to the principle of separation of religion and politics, shouldn't give religious legislation, legislation means that the discretion of the religious institutions of the Government. Also, if the legislature of Islamic food approved, other religious legislation in theory can also be put on the agenda, which will lead to infinitely many religious demands. Religious services only within the civil service, respecting the freedom of religious belief, religious content but not legislation.
In fact, Muslim as a way of life, it is confined to the private sphere of Muslims. According to the doctrine of piety to comply with, Muslims of their own free choice. Now that legislation cannot be religious organizations, civil society organizations in the field, such as associations of Islam, Mosque Temple tube should and can play an active role in this regard. As he stressed in the national religious working conference, General Secretary, the party's work, the key is to "Guide" deep thought on, see right through them, more accurately, the "Guide" and "guiding" strong, "guiding" is valid. Therefore, for Muslim-related issues, it is suitable for social governance approach, might lead the religious sphere of society which organizations, civil society organizations play a role in processing by religious, believers themselves, without the need to rise to the level of State administration, legislation. Meanwhile, Chinese Muslims live in different areas, in different social and cultural background, regulations, certification of halal food should make full use of local religious organizations, civil society organizations active in the field. On the premise of adherence to the teachings of Islam, in accordance with the local culture, local Muslims need to be made, instead of "unification", without promotion to the national law level.
It is to be noted that, in the promotion of "along the way", the process of opening to the West of the country strategy, some businesses see it along the Middle East, the Arab countries have great market potential, and strictly halal food certification to obtain State and Muslims along the trust and recognition. In this process, continued to pay special attention to play religious social organizations and the active role of civil society. Administrative departments in order to ensure that certification authority and impatient for success, take plays the role of religious groups involved. Administration standpoint, should be in the "guiding" words to work hard.
(Editors: Hao Long UN654)
2016-06-01 16:17:18
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中国民族报：清真系生活方式 局限穆斯林私人领域
清真为社会所熟悉的是入口的饮食、用膳的餐馆和各种贴有标签的清真物品。然而，随着穆斯林在全国的流动、生活习惯的携带承载，以及参与包括餐饮业在内的商业活动，清真开始成为话语目标，使本来只不过是一种维护宗教信仰要求和生活习俗保障的标识遭遇了尴尬。
近年来，我国在饮食行业出现了一些问题。一部分唯利是图的生产商在食品制作过程中，随意添加不利于身体健康的成分，给食品行业的安全保障带来了巨大挑战。清真食品行业也出现了同样的问题，假冒伪劣横行。为了保证清真食品不受影响，曾有建议提出应该为清真食品立法，防止因为食品在选材、制作、包装、销售等环节，没有与非清真食品分开而影响穆斯林的生活禁忌。
清真是贯穿于信仰伊斯兰教的穆斯林日常生活的一套理念和基本原则。其中，包括穆斯林在自修方面思想和行为的恪尽职守，在家庭中从衣食住行到孝敬老人、教育子女和夫妻和睦等等方面的“洁净无染”，在社会中与人和善、宽仁相处、和美团结的人际关系，以及在整个文化生态、自然生态中的和谐平衡与中规中矩。
清真与生活中选择物品的一些细节也有着紧密的联系。在食物方面，穆斯林不仅对猪肉有禁忌，对伊斯兰教经典上规定的相关动物食品也有禁忌，包括对身体健康有害、影响端庄思想的入口食物，都有着同样的禁忌。但这些都是穆斯林私人生活自我选择的结果，外界不能干预，也不必说三道四、评头论足，认为这么做过于严格、过于自我隔离。
但一个现实问题是，以清真为市场的社会参与中，参与者不仅仅有穆斯林，还有其他民族和信仰群体，包括清真食品、用品的生产商，清真餐饮的服务人员，以及清真产品的消费者等等，清真开始超出穆斯林私事的范畴。
对于穆斯林来说，应该有一定的规章制度去规范市场，保证清真食品的健康、卫生、安全与符合宗教制度的要求。这也是建议提出清真食品立法的初衷。
清真的食品、用品选择，本来只是穆斯林按照伊斯兰教的宗教生活而遵守的一套制度，也是长期以来穆斯林生活的一种习惯。在市场经济社会，供给侧的一方看到市场的潜在利润。
于是，就有了清真的生活习惯向商品标签化的转向，使本来不必贴上清真标签的产品有了清真的标签，自觉不自觉地把作为穆斯林内部自己选择的个人意志，推向了商品清真的客观化和泛化。在本该无所谓是否清真的产品上贴上清真的标签，给非穆斯林消费者在选择上带来了困惑，也使清真本身遭遇了可以随意使用的尴尬。对于穆斯林来说，这种随意性的标签化，也使他们在自我宗教信仰的守望方面带来了选择的困惑，还使一些主张积极入世的穆斯林有了禁锢的负面作用。
清真遭遇了尴尬，清真食品立法也遭遇了尴尬。对于清真食品的保护能否立法，一直被讨论较多。建议立法者认为，因为宗教制度的要求，穆斯林需要坚守清真的生活习惯，而非穆斯林往往对这种生活习惯不了解。在清真食品的日常生产和消费过程中，因为陌生和不了解，便容易出现矛盾冲突，如没有可依照的法律进行有效解决，将为民族团结、社会稳定、社会和谐留下隐患。而反对立法者认为，根据政教分离原则，不应该给宗教概念立法，立法意味着政府成为宗教的裁量判断机构。同时，如果清真食品立法获准，则其他宗教的立法在理论上也可以被提上议事日程，这将导致无限多宗教类诉求的发生。宗教内部的事务只能是民间事务，尊重宗教信仰自由，但不应为宗教内容立法。
实际上，清真作为一种生活方式，它只局限于穆斯林的私人领域。按照教义虔诚遵守，是穆斯林自己的自由选择。既然不能立法，宗教领域的社会组织、民间组织，如伊斯兰教协会、清真寺寺管会就应该、也可以在这方面发挥积极作用。诚如习近平总书记在全国宗教工作会议上强调的，做好党的宗教工作，关键是要在“导”上想得深、看得透、把得准，做到“导”之有方、 “导”之有力、“导”之有效。因此，对于与清真有关的问题，它适合以社会治理的方式处理，即最大可能地引导宗教领域的社会组织、民间组织发挥作用，由宗教界、信众自己来处理，而无需上升到国家管理、立法的层面。同时，中国穆斯林生活在不同地区，在不同的社会文化背景之下，清真食品的相关规定、认证，应尽量发挥地方宗教领域社会组织、民间组织的积极作用。在遵守伊斯兰教教义的前提下，按照符合当地社会文化，适合当地穆斯林群众的需要作出，而无需“大一统”，更无需提升到国家法律层面。
需要指出的是，在推动“一带一路”、向西开放的国家战略的过程中，一些企业看到沿线中东、阿拉伯国家有着巨大的市场潜力，从而提出严格清真食品认证，以取得沿线国家及穆斯林的信任和认同。在这一过程中，仍然要特别注意发挥宗教领域社会组织、民间组织的积极作用。行政管理部门不能为了保证认证的权威性而急于求成，越俎代庖，扮演宗教团体的角色参与其中。行政管理部门的立足点，应该是在“导”字上下功夫。
(责任编辑：郝龙 UN654)
2016-06-01 16:17:18
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