Movie frame rate from 24fps to 120fps how big is the gap? No fighting-half frame rate-IT information
In April of this year, Lee released a new film for the first time at the annual NAB half of no fighting 11 minutes of footage, some time ago we were able to see the first trailer of the film (the half no fighting trailer in Chinese), all discussion is built around these three numbers--3D, 4K, 120fps.
3D everyone are compared understand, 4K resolution of play equipment also gradually began application, iPhone 6s has can shooting 4K video, last this 120fps is Lee this adventure of plays, he this is put movie shooting of frame rate suddenly improve has four times times, if this Department movie eventually rendering of effect was satisfaction, Lee brings of technological innovations meaning comparable when of o where up in 3D movie Shang of technological innovations.
120 frames per second, might be the next keyword and VR as a movies. From 24 to 120, film frame rates is a step in evolution?
Early film and not a standard, when using a hand-cranked camera, filming will inevitably shoot is not unified, and great discrepancies in the frame rate, such as Edison's movie was filmed at 40 frames per second, and the LUMIERE Brothers film is filmed in 16 frames per second.
Later development to sound films introduced earlier recording technology, sound and picture can be recorded to film at the same time, maintains the highest articulation of 24 frames per second, if low, has too much surface noise on the tracks, then became the film frames 24 frames per second rate standard.
More than 24 frame/s film is called "Super frame" film, there are many films with ultra high frame shooting:
1950 birth has "Panorama movie" (also called xinilama), this movie using 3 Taiwan camera respectively shooting 3 article square material, then by 3 Taiwan projector seamless mosaic, projection to screen Shang, to produced 3 times times wide high than of image, this movie is to 26 frame/seconds shooting of, main is shooting scenery movie, later due to show equipment expensive gradually was market eliminated.
(The first "xinilama" movie that is xinilama, you can see the screen is circular)
1956 around the world in 80 days is shot at 30 frames/second.
In 1992 Serbia World Expo, the first IMAX HD film technology to capture the Momentum is shot at 48 frames per second.
1999 birth of Maxivision 48 technology is the combination of 48 frames per second and film 35mm film format, you can film in 48 frames per second, by the promotion of the industry, but most cinemas still uses 24 frame/second projection equipment, Maxivision is still not widely used.
Douglas Trumbull (2001: a space walk, Star Wars, the runner's special effects Director) 's Showscan VFX Studios, in efforts to promote a high frame rate (60 fps) 70mm photography (Science Internet access can take a look at this video explains Showscan Digital from Douglas Trumbull), but so far, Showscan is still on paper, In addition to several experimental short films, they have not tried to shoot.
Douglas praised the high frame rate shooting because:
"Theoretically, this extreme frame rates will make dynamic images more fluid, solving camera strobe or sloshing of the swing in the process, more comfortable 3D and unmatched acumen and sense of reality. But it's still just theoretical, because no one has seen this technology to capture film. Even if they are perfectly true, this little part of the world allows the audience to appreciate it. ”
In 2011, the avatar 2, Cameron announced that he would cooperate and Showscan, using their technology to capture 60 frames per second.
In 2012, Peter Jackson's the Hobbit: an unexpected journey one step ahead, shooting 48 frames per second, the successor of two hobbits is shot at 48 frames per second. At industry mixed, criticism who think picture too had clear instead like game or painting of texture, lack has traditional movie of fuzzy and frequency Flash effect, also on lost has movie of beauty (is not all theater are can to 48fps show, so show of when has 24fps and 48fps two a version, if you think no this experience, is may is because at of theater no using 48fps specifications show).
In response, Peter replied, "(you don't know) you get used to it well."
(The Hobbit picture being criticized too much like painting the texture)
Lee image format used by Sony as "Immersive Digital" (does not have an official name, online translation is "being digital") is the first 3D, 4K, 120 frames per second, these specifications come together.
120 frames/second biggest problem is the viewing habits, such as 3D technology has just been applied when there such as complained of the picture is too dark, Halo, Lee to solve larger than Peter Jackson, 48 frames per second has given people a sense of not adapted, 120 frames per second of the viewing experience is certainly disruptive.
But Lee is not by Peter Jackson of inspired, but by has Cameron of inspired, he in took juvenile sent of when in 3D technology Shang on reference had Cameron, people of views, all are told he, with 24 frame/seconds took 3D will increased was on some frequency Flash (is see 3D of when will think Halo of reasons), but at no better of technology solution approach, only compromise.
Later Cameron announced using high frame rate shooting o where up 2, to has Lee inspired, but he also is think enough, so on thought with 4K technology to solution clear rate of problem, eventually select 120 frame/seconds, actually is to save money--120 frame/seconds just while is 24 frame/seconds (movie General) and 30 frame/seconds (TV General) of whole multiples, on can with same species format making TV and movie. Lee believes the half-court no fighting is one of the best opportunity, because--
"The focus of the film is" feeling ", not only because it tells a story, but to find a way to let the audience experience, give them a whole new experience. ”
Lee accept 3D technology of original is not to dazzle technical, he and many using 3D technology of Director and making company of views can said is completely instead of, on even we general audience also think like o where up, and diffuse Granville of big scenes action movie only should with 3D, and founding cause that narrative sex movie with 3D was is somehow, and Lee instead think:
"Dimensional and 3D Max difference facial shot, rather than action or scene, I think 2D is more suitable for action movies, and 3D is more suitable for the drama, because the 3D to create a more intimate feel . ”
So he Iraq war and midfielder shows two different main scenarios using different types of technology, battle scenes are presented as far as possible "real" camera, which is 120 frames per second, the trailer can be seen, actors running process, little shaking of the camera.
Midfielder performing scenes from within the stadium, there are plenty of stage lighting, in order to avoid everyone worried about the background blur effects, only some of the scenes (such as the absence of light the audience) using a 120 frames per second shooting. From the trailer, you can see that for so many facial close-ups actor Billy, focusing on his facial expressions and emotion, because the background blur is very suitable for big features, while midfielder shot for the most part are panoramic.
(Generated by only stills so far, there is no road too 4K, 120 frames per second)
After reading the 11 minutes of footage, (previously mentioned Showscan) Douglas said:
"There's a real feeling, it looks like he (Lee) will give us an unprecedented moviegoing experience, I was trembling with excitement. ”
Cameron felt after seeing 3D, 4K, 120 frames per second will become the industry's highest standards, with Viewer comments "this 11-minute film made me feel the lens, screen disappears, I see the real picture. ”
120 frames/sec bigger problems are shown, even LEE himself can't see during filming in the end result , because the technology was too great a burden, he can only be used when filming on set 3D, 2K, 60 frames-per-second format.
LA 11 minutes before screening, is using a double 4K laser projectors and win 7sense Delta Infinity III server company, equipped with Dolby 3D glasses, and they aimed at NAB's technicians in the industry, no one knows more than they are, so get the most amazing and praise.
But if you want to for the general public, Lee must be prepared to face the entire film industry of disruptive change. General of theater now also no equipment can while meet 3D, and 4K, and 120fps of play specifications, general audience of reaction and accept degree also cannot expected, has weizhi Sony also no announced this Department movie will how big range released, to accompany Lee adventure, Sony in as to looking for way, even consider has early show, but eventually to big range released, is has may they only put standard at least reduced to 60 frame/seconds and with 2K instead of 4K.
Lee and Cameron, Douglas, who were standing in the ranks of pioneers, hope that this revolutionary cinema to become a pilgrim experience, unmatched experience on a computer phone, if you can get people to go to the movies again, so even if you have to make all the cinemas were replaced with new projection equipment in the world is worth it.
" Changing people's habits and subvert a culture is very difficult, my curiosity was a bit strong, but I'm not young, I don't want to wait . ”
Dang he took broken back mountain of when, many people advised he of actor, took this Department play is ruined himself of actor career, results he of four bit actor get has three a Oscar acting nominated, dang he took juvenile sent of fantasy drifting of when, all are said this Department novel too difficult screen of has, this is asked for it, then he got has second seat Kim people.
Now, almost no one for Lee said "impossible" three words.
For the half of no war, wants to borrow the name of a movie of the drama yet to come: "Vous n'avez Encore Rien vu (what you see is not)", we'll see.
电影帧率从24fps到120fps差距到底有多大？ - 半场无战事,帧率 - IT资讯
今年4月，李安在NAB年会上首次发布了新片《半场无战事》的11分钟片段，前段时间我们也得以见到这部电影的首支预告片（《半场无战事》中文预告片），之后所有的讨论都是围绕这三个数字——3D、4K、120fps展开的。
3D大家都比较了解，4K分辨率的播放设备也逐渐开始应用，iPhone 6s已经能拍摄4K视频，最后这个120fps才是李安这次冒险的重头戏，他这是把电影拍摄的帧率一下子提高了四倍，如果这部电影最终呈现的效果令人满意，李安带来的技术革新意义堪比当年的《阿凡达》在3D电影上的技术革新。
120帧/秒，或许将和VR一样成为电影的下一个关键词。从24到120，电影拍摄帧率是怎么一步步进化的？
其实早期的电影拍摄并没有一个标准，因为那时候采用的是手摇式摄影装置，拍摄的时候难免会有拍摄速度不统一，而且帧率相差非常大，比如说爱迪生的电影是以40帧/秒拍摄的，而卢米埃尔兄弟的电影则是以16帧/秒拍摄的。
后来发展到有声电影，引入了同期录音技术，可将声画同时录制到胶片上，24帧/秒能保持最高的声音清晰度，如果再低的话，音轨上就会有太多的表面杂音，于是24帧/秒就成为了电影拍摄帧率的标准。
超过24帧/秒拍摄的电影就叫“超高帧”电影，有很多电影尝试以超高帧拍摄：
1950年诞生了“全景电影”（也叫西尼拉玛），这种电影使用3台摄影机分别拍摄3条方形素材，然后由3台放映机无缝拼接，投影到银幕上，以产生3倍宽高比的影像，这种电影是以26帧/秒拍摄的，主要是拍摄风光电影，后来由于放映设备昂贵逐渐被市场淘汰。
（第一部“西尼拉玛”电影《这就是西尼拉玛》，可以看到屏幕是环形的）
1956年的《环游世界80天》是以30帧/秒拍摄的。
在1992年的塞尔维亚世界博览会上，第一部使用IMAX HD技术拍摄的电影《Momentum》是以48帧/秒拍摄的。
1999年诞生了Maxivision 48技术，是结合了48帧/秒和35mm胶片的底片格式，可以以48帧/秒的速度放映影片，受到了业内人士的推广，但是大多数影院依然采用24帧/秒的放映设备，所以Maxivision仍没有得到广泛的投入使用。
道格拉斯·特鲁姆布（《2001太空漫步》、《星球大战》、《银翼杀手》的特效导演）旗下的Showscan视效工作室，在着力推广高帧率（60帧/秒）结合70mm拍摄技术（能科学上网的可以看一下这个视频介绍 Showscan Digital from Douglas Trumbull），但是到目前为止，Showscan也依然是纸上谈兵，除了几部试验性的短片，他们还没有尝试长片拍摄。
道格拉斯之所以推崇高帧率拍摄，是因为：
“理论上，这样的极致帧率会使动态画面更流畅，解决摄影机摆动过程中产生的频闪或晃动问题，带来更舒适的3D和无可比拟的敏锐与真实感。但这仍然只是理论，因为还从没有人看过用这种技术拍摄的电影。即便这些都被完美地实现了，这个世界上也几乎没有地方能让观众欣赏到它。”
2011年，卡梅隆宣布他的《阿凡达2》将和Showscan合作，采用他们的60帧/秒技术拍摄。
2012年，彼得·杰克逊的《霍比特人：意外之旅》先行一步，采用了48帧/秒的速度拍摄，后继两部霍比特人也是以48帧/秒拍摄。当时业内毁誉参半，批评者认为画面太过清晰反而像游戏或油画的质感，缺乏了传统电影的模糊和频闪效果，也就失去了电影的美感（并非所有影院都能以48fps放映，所以放映的时候有24fps和48fps两个版本，如果你觉得没有这种体验，很可能是因为当时的影院没有使用48fps规格放映）。
对此，彼得大帝回应说，“（你们这群没见识的凡人）等你们习惯了就好了”。
（霍比特人的画面被批评太像油画质感）
李安所采用的影像格式被索尼官方称为“Immersive Digital”(还未有官方的名称，网友译版是“沉浸数字式”)，是第一次将3D、4K、120帧/秒这几种规格结合到一起。
120帧/秒面对的最大问题就是观影习惯，比如说3D技术刚开始推广的时候，也有诸如画面太暗、会晕的抱怨，李安要解决的问题比彼得·杰克逊还要大，48帧/秒已经给人一种不适应感，120帧/秒带来的观影感受肯定是颠覆性的。
但是李安并不是受彼得·杰克逊的启发，而是受了卡梅隆的启发，他在拍《少年派》的时候在3D技术上就参考过卡梅隆等人的意见，所有人都告诉他，用24帧/秒拍3D会加大本来就有的频闪（就是看3D的时候会觉得晕的原因），但是当时没有更好的技术解决办法，只能妥协。
后来卡梅隆宣布使用高帧率拍摄《阿凡达2》，给了李安启发，但是他还是觉得不够，于是就想到用4K技术来解决清晰率的问题，最终选择120帧/秒，其实是为了省钱——120帧/秒正好同时是24帧/秒（电影通用）和30帧/秒（电视通用）的整倍数，就可以用同一种格式制作电视和电影。而李安认为《半场无战事》是一个最好的机会，因为——
“这部电影的重点就是“感受”，不仅仅是讲述故事，而是想办法让观众体验，给他们一种全新的经历。”
李安接受3D技术的初衷并不是为了炫技，他和很多使用3D技术的导演和制作公司的意见可以说是完全相反的，就连我们普通观众也认为像《阿凡达》、漫威的大场面动作电影才应该用3D，而《建国大业》那种叙事性电影用3D简直是莫名其妙，而李安反而认为：
“2D和3D最大的区别在于面部拍摄，而不是在于动作或大场面，我觉得2D更适合动作片，而3D更适合拍剧情片，因为3D可以营造更亲密的感受。”
所以他对于伊拉克战场和中场表演两种不同的主要场景运用了不同的技术处理，战场场景会尽可能地呈现“真实”镜头，也就是用120帧/秒拍摄，预告片里可以看到，在演员跑动的过程中，镜头几乎没有一点摇晃的感觉。
而中场表演场景是在体育馆内，有大量的舞台灯光照明，为了避免大家都担心的背景过于虚化的效果，只有部分镜头（比如无光照的观众席）使用了120帧/秒拍摄。从预告片中可以看到，对于男主角比利的面部特写镜头非常多，着重刻画他的表情和情绪，因为背景虚化本来就很适合大头特写，而中场表演的镜头则大多是全景。
（目前为止爆出的唯一剧照，还看不太出4K、120帧/秒的门道）
在看了11分钟的片段之后，（前文提到的Showscan）道格拉斯说：
“有种身临其境的感觉，看起来他（李安）会给我们带来一次全所未有的观影体验，我简直激动地颤抖了。”
卡梅隆看过之后更是觉得3D、4K、120帧/秒将成为行业内的最高规格标准，有观众评论“这段11分钟的电影让我觉得镜头、幕布消失了，我看到了最真实的画面。”
其实120帧/秒更大的问题是放映，就连李安自己在拍摄过程中都没法看到最终效果，因为技术负担太大了，他在片场拍摄的时候只能用3D、2K、60帧/秒的格式播放。
之前在LA的11分钟试映，是采用了科视的双4K激光投影机和赢康公司的7sense Delta Infinity III服务器，配备杜比3D眼镜，而且当时他们面向的是NAB的行业内技术人员，没有人比他们更懂行，所以获得的大多是惊叹和赞誉。
但是如果想面向普通大众，李安就要有准备面对整个电影行业的颠覆性改变。普通的影院现在还没有设备可以同时满足3D、4K、120fps的播放规格，普通观众的反应和接受程度也无法预料，至今为止索尼还没有宣布这部电影将如何大范围上映，为了陪李安冒险，索尼在尽可能地寻找方式，甚至考虑了先期放映，但是最终为了大范围上映，很有可能他们只能把标准起码降低到60帧/秒以及用2K代替4K。
李安和卡梅隆、道格拉斯等人一样，都站在了先驱者的行列，希望能通过这种革命让电影院看电影重新变成一种朝圣般的体验，一种在电脑手机上无法比拟的体验，如果可以让人们重新走入电影院，那么即使是要让全世界所有的电影院都更换新的放映设备也是值得的。
“改变人们的习惯和颠覆一种文化是非常难的，我的好奇心的确是有点旺盛，但是我已经不年轻了，我不愿再等。”
当他拍《断背山》的时候，很多人劝他的演员，拍这部戏就是葬送自己的演员生涯，结果他的四位演员获得了三个奥斯卡演技提名，当他拍《少年派的奇幻漂流》的时候，所有人都说这部小说太难银幕化了，这是自讨苦吃，然后他拿到了第二座小金人。
现在，几乎没有人对李安说“不可能”三个字。
对于《半场无战事》，想借用一部电影的名字《好戏还在后面》：“Vous n'avez encore rien vu（你们见到的还不算什么）”，我们拭目以待。