Chang, fourth lunar journey: world's first arrived at the far side of the Moon probe Chang | | | detectors _ the Moon News

Original title: man first landed on the Moon probe – goddess of the Moon, fourth on the back of the Moon's South Pole

New media, Reuters Beijing, June 9 (Xinhua Yu Fei) there is neither wind nor rain, except from time to time stray meteorite, large and small, have been silent for more than 4 billion years. In 2018, the side of the Moon always facing away from the Earth would be the first human landing probe – goddess of the fourth.

China National Space Agency Lunar and space engineering center Deputy Director Liu Tongjie said China plans to end of May 2018 or early June Chang fourth relay satellite launched into Earth-Moon Lagrangian point L2 Halo orbit and launch Chang fourth landing in about half a year and visiting players, on the far side of the moon landing inspections carried out in the South Pole Aitken basin exploration.

　　Dark side of the moon to monitor hot spots

"We choose the Moon closer to the South Pole Aitken basin landing on the back, because it is the focus of international concern, scientists think the most likely place to put scientific research. "Liu Tongjie countries recently held in" Twelve-Five "innovative exhibition on the achievements of science and technology told Xinhua reporters.

According to reports, the dark side of the Moon special environmental conditions and complex geological history, and has been an academic and engineering exploration and research difficulties, hotspots, as well as the focus of future efforts to detect. With the development of space technology, on the far side of the moon landing with inspections to detect more attention by the space powers. Current United States space agency NASA and the European Space Agency, has developed the future lunar exploration program, in particular, the European Space Agency, the dark side of the Moon Mission is presented proposals and plans to launch tasks in 2025, the implementation of the plan.

Liu Tongjie introduced by Yu Change, fourth on the far side of the moon landing, ground control station can not directly control landing and lunar surface in place and visit detection, can only rely on TDRs. TDRs transmission link channel of limited resources, the landing area is closer to the South Pole, where rugged terrain undulation, varied, and subsequent remote scientific, remote operation is implemented through TDRs, making Chang fourth Chang third task is more complex.

　　Chang fourth "bag"

Traveling be sure to bring your camera, and to never set foot on the far side of the moon to say.

Liu Tongjie introduction, Chang, fourth on the Lander will land with a camera, terrain camera with the panoramic camera on the Lunar Rover.

In addition, Chang fourth Lunar Rover will also inherit the rabbit "Lunar laser radar used to explore the Moon's surface structure, as well as the analysis of Lunar soil elements and mineral type infrared imaging spectrometer.

For such a unique place on the back of the Moon, Chang, fourth in the lander carries a scientific payload for the new research and development: low-frequency radio spectrometer.

"It will use the dark side of the Moon is not the Earth's electromagnetic interference, natural ' clean ' environment, solar eruption, moon over the landing area of the space environment, can also be observed on low-frequency radio field from the planets in the solar system, and ' hear ' from the depths of the universe ' sound '. "Liu Tongjie said.

　　International cooperation in the exploration of deep space

Liu Tongjie introduces Chang fourth international cooperation, equipped with detectors developed by three foreign-oriented.

"This is the lunar exploration program under the auspices of the China National Space Administration, depth of friendship and cooperation with foreign countries. Chinese engineers and scientists can be learning advanced technology from other countries and share scientific data, joint scientific research, you can also expand the influence of Chinese Aerospace, is a win-win cooperation. "Liu Tongjie said.

Three loads of international cooperation include carrying on the TDRs Netherlands low-frequency radio spectrometer. It will be Earth Netherlands LOFAR low frequency within astronomy array joint astronomical observing facilities on the ground, first baseline 43 to 460,000 kilometres of earth-moon space VLBI Radio Interferometry experiments will also be developed on the land, and the Chinese side formed between low-frequency radio spectrum analyzer measurement.

"Sino-Dutch low-frequency radio spectrometer is expected to come from the cosmic dark age and the dawn of the 21 cm hydrogen line emission detection, research in the tens of millions of years to 100 million or 200 million years after the big bang, the universe to get rid of dark, lit the first stars. "Chen xuelei, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Observatory said.

In addition, the goddess of moon of the fourth car carrying Sweden's neutral atom detectors. Experts say the study to address the interaction between solar wind and surface mechanism, escaping the month table formation and maintenance mechanisms and other key scientific issues is of great significance.

Will be installed on the lander Germany neutrons and radiation detectors, can detect radiation dose of the landing zone, for future manned lunar astronauts early assessments of the risks, provide the basis for radiation protection.

　　Public participation, China Moon

In order to stimulate the public particularly young people's enthusiasm for technological innovation, the China National Space Administration early this year for the National College and middle school students and lovers of technology, outstanding collection of innovative, science better, landing, site inspections and relay satellites used to detect activities, scientific or technical test loads of ideas.

Liu Tongjie said this activity contributes received a total of 257, 20 primaries, through online voting and expert evaluation, which ranked the first prize of 3, 7 and 10 second prize third prize is expected to released in September the National Science Popularization day.

The China National Space Administration, "Chinese Lunar and deep space exploration network" can be seen, shortlisted 20 entries in the micro-circulation of the Moon eco-systems, deep soil temperature detecting device, 3D printing technology based on Lunar soil, as well as "Moon music box"-the dark side of the Moon works such as the acoustic laboratory equipment network votes higher.

"Selection is based on the idea, but finally the real Moon depends on project feasibility, we strive to end up one or two items on the moon. "Liu Tongjie said.

Responsible editor: Wang Hao

Article keywords:
Goddess Lunar South Pole

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嫦娥四号探月之旅:世界首个抵达月球背面探测器|嫦娥|月球|探测器_新闻资讯

　　原标题：人类首次登陆月球背面的探测器--嫦娥四号将去月球南极

　　新华社北京6月9日新媒体专电(记者 喻菲)这里既无风也无雨，除了不时飞落的大大小小的陨石，已经寂静了40多亿年。2018年，月球永远背向地球的那一面将首次迎来人类的着陆探测器——嫦娥四号。

　　中国国家航天局探月与航天工程中心副主任刘彤杰透露，中国计划于2018年5月底或6月初将嫦娥四号的中继卫星发射至地月拉格朗日L2点的Halo轨道上，并在约半年后发射嫦娥四号的着陆器和巡视器，对月球背面南极艾特肯盆地开展着陆巡视探测。

　　月球背面成为探测热点

　　“我们选择月球背面接近南极的艾特肯盆地着陆，因为这里是国际关注的热点，被科学家认为最有可能出科研成果的地方。”刘彤杰在近日举行的国家“十二五”科技创新成就展上对新华社记者说。

　　据介绍，月球背面独特的环境条件和复杂的地质历史，一直是学术界和工程界探测与研究的难点、热点以及未来规划开展探测的重点。随着航天技术的不断发展，开展对月球背面的着陆与巡视探测越来越受到航天大国的重视。目前美国航空航天局和欧洲空间局等都已制定了未来月球背面探测计划，特别是欧洲空间局提出了系统的月球背面探测任务建议书，并计划于2025年实施该计划的发射任务。

　　刘彤杰介绍，由于嫦娥四号在月球背面登陆，地面测控站无法直接测控着陆过程和月面就位和巡视探测，只能依靠中继星。中继星的传输链路通道资源有限，着陆的区域又是靠近南极，那里地形崎岖起伏，变化多样，而且后续的遥科学、遥操作都是通过中继星实施，这使得嫦娥四号比嫦娥三号任务更为复杂。

　　嫦娥四号的“行囊”

　　去旅行一定要带上相机，去从未被踏足过的月球背面更不必说。

　　刘彤杰介绍，嫦娥四号的着陆器上将带有降落相机、地形地貌相机，月球车上将带有全景相机。

　　此外，嫦娥四号的月球车还将继承“玉兔”用于探测月球浅表层结构的测月雷达，以及分析月壤元素和矿物类型的红外成像光谱仪。

　　针对月球背面如此独特的地方，嫦娥四号还准备在着陆器上携带新研发的一个重要科学载荷：低频射电频谱仪。

　　“它将利用月球背面没有地球电磁波干扰、天然‘洁净’的环境，研究太阳爆发、着陆区上空的月球空间环境，还可以对来自太阳系行星的低频射电场进行观测，并‘聆听’来自宇宙更深处的‘声音’。”刘彤杰说。

　　国际合作探索深空

　　刘彤杰介绍，嫦娥四号还将开展国际合作，搭载三个以外方为主研制的探测器。

　　“这是探月工程在中国国家航天局主导下，与国外开展的深度友好合作。可使中国工程师和科学家学习国外的先进技术，共享科学数据，共同开展科学研究，还可以扩大中国航天的影响力，是双赢的合作。”刘彤杰说。

　　这三个国际合作的载荷包括将搭载在中继星上的荷兰低频射电频谱仪。它将与位于地球上荷兰境内的LOFAR低频天文阵列等地面天文观测设施联合，首次开展43至46万公里基线的地月空间VLBI射电干涉测量实验，还将与着陆器上中方研制的低频射电频谱仪之间形成干涉测量。

　　“中荷低频射电频谱仪有望对来自宇宙黑暗时代和黎明时期的21厘米氢谱线辐射进行探测，研究在宇宙大爆炸后的几千万年到一两亿年间，宇宙如何摆脱黑暗，点亮了第一颗恒星。”中国科学院国家天文台研究员陈学雷说。

　　此外，嫦娥四号的月球车上将携带瑞典的中性原子探测仪。专家说，这一研究对于解决太阳风与月表相互作用机制、月表逃逸层的形成和维持机制等关键科学问题有着重要的意义。

　　而将安装在着陆器上的德国中子与辐射剂量探测仪，能探测着陆区的辐射剂量，为未来的载人登月航天员的危险度进行前期评估，提供相应辐射防护的依据。

　　中国公众参与探月

　　为激发社会公众特别是青少年对科技创新的热情，中国国家航天局于今年年初面向全国大、中学生和科技爱好者，征集创新性突出、科普效果好，可在着陆器、巡视器和中继卫星上用于探测活动、科学实验或技术试验的载荷创意。

　　刘彤杰说，这一活动共收到投稿257份，初选了20项，通过网上投票和专家评选，从中评出了3个一等奖，7个二等奖和10个三等奖，预计在9月全国科普日公布。

　　在中国国家航天局的“中国探月与深空探测网”上可以看到，入围的20项作品中，月球微型循环生态系统、深层土壤温度探测装置、基于月壤的3D打印技术验证以及“月宫八音盒”－－月球背面的传声实验设备等作品网络得票较高。

　　“评选是根据创意，但最后能否真正上月球还要根据工程可行性，我们力争最终选出一到两个项目带上月球。”刘彤杰说。

责任编辑：王浩成

文章关键词：
嫦娥 月球 探测器 南极

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