CCTV China United States rail cooperation ran aground: Chinese companies to be familiar with the rules of the game | high-speed rail _ news

Original title: the United States has stopped cooperation with China's high-speed train, several mean?

Wang Yahong

China United States first high-speed rail projects likely to have a miscarriage. Last September, company reached an agreement with the China railway United States private railway company Western Express, June 9, unilaterally announced the termination of the cooperation.

Western Express website screenshots

Western Express companies:

Termination of cooperation: the biggest obstacle comes from the United States Federal Government provides high-speed trains must be in the United States manufacturing, access permissions required to push forward the construction of Chinese companies.

According to the 2009 United States recovery and Reinvestment Act article 1605th, involving aviation, railways and road transport projects, such as building materials and operating equipment, must be made by United States domestic manufacturing, except in a few special cases.

Statement for unilateral termination of cooperation of the Western Express, China railway company also gives a response.

China railway company the latest responses:

United States West express company with China railway international company United States signed the agreement, unilaterally released news of the termination of the project in cooperation, this behavior is wrong and irresponsible, we oppose and be dealt with according to law.

Both sides agreed in the framework of cooperation agreement, either release the relevant information, must be approved by the consent of the other party.

Us terminates high-speed rail projects, how should the rights of the Chinese side? Upon termination of this partnership on high-speed rail cooperation between what would be the impact?

　　CCTV comments: high-speed rail between China and cooperation does not draw a full stop

The US company said in a statement, terminating a business relationship is that there are difficulties related to compliance in a timely manner, and its Chinese partner, the approval of the necessary to advance the project faces challenges. Company officials said the biggest difficulty remains the United States Federal Government requirements, namely, high-speed trains must be in United States domestic production.

The localization rate itself is a typical non-tariff barriers in international trade. Early in 1933, the United States Congress enacted the purchase of United States goods Act and regulations Federal Government agencies must give priority to United States manufacturing of the final product. So-called United States manufacturing the final product consists of two standards, one for the product in the United States manufacturing, second is the degree of domestic, which is the product in the United States manufacturing parts to over 50%. Although the Act did not prohibit federal institutions from buying foreign goods, but the request will be assessed in the 6% to the price of foreign products to 12%, which makes foreign products cost more than domestic products, actually have been to exclude foreign products the possibilities of winning.

After the great depression to the present, although much progress has been made in terms of liberalization of the international trading system, but United States trade protectionism has long had deep roots, unofficial barriers will appear in various forms, while United States Government called the high-speed trains must be in United States production is "localization" barriers to new examples.

　　Enterprises to understand the rules of positive rights at the national level should enhance communication

Chinese companies in the United States development projects, but also familiar with the United States the rules of the game, a variety of tariff and non-tariff barriers must be familiar with, or accidentally fall into the trade trap. To troubleshoot these problems, on the one hand the enterprise level to increase risk awareness, understanding local rules, and encouraged me to use legal weapons to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. Enterprises have responded to spare no effort in safeguarding, in the face of United States unilateral excuse, reasonable interests to Chinese companies.

Moreover, apart from the enterprise to understand the rules, positive rights, but communication is also important at the national level. For example, in this week's just-concluded China-us strategic and economic dialogue, contains contents of the railway cooperation. Said the outcome document of the Conference, China's State railway company and United States trade and Development Agency decided in the next two years to support the two reverse trade missions from China's state railways, helping Chinese railway officials and businesses are familiar with United States freight rail capacity expansion of best practices, equipment and technology. Believe top design of bilateral economic cooperation, will work together for the future of high-speed rail plays a positive role in promoting.

　　China high-speed rail cooperation difficulties fully estimate and optimistic about the future

High-speed trains and nuclear power equipment is China's export of electromechanical products the two leading players in nearly two years in the "going global" plays an important role. China's high-speed rail projects have been in many overseas countries have settled in, United States market, it has always been one of the major breakthroughs. Chinese-made trains before successfully entered the Boston market has gained good reputation in the market for Chinese companies.

But it turns out, breakthroughs in the key market, underestimation of the difficulties that some of the Chinese side. Apart from the high-speed rail vehicles local manufacturing of "localization" barriers, but also there is a potential risk in environmental assessment. In addition, according to World Bank estimates, China's construction cost is 1-1 per km of high iron. 2.5 billion RMB and United States California high-speed rail construction costs (not including land, rolling stock and the construction period interest) up to $ 52 million per kilometer. This means the United States is the cost of high-speed rail in China more than three times, which makes the financing and operation of China is facing a "uncharted waters".

Of course, in terms of high speed rail cooperation must fully estimate the difficulties and remain optimistic about the future. High-speed rail construction, United States lagged far behind China, Japan and Europe, and the United States does not produce high speed rail vehicle supplier in China. United States in high-speed rail has a wide demand, China has in recent years achieved rapid development, so the two countries persist in cooperation based on the high-speed rail project is, it will not change as the stranding of a statement or a project. Found the problem, maintain contacts, China high-speed train whistle still ringing.

Placed in the perspective of macro-considerations, the United States suddenly announcing the end of China's first high-speed rail in the United States, does not mean the end of bilateral cooperation in rail, think of it as the beginning of cooperation running episode.

Responsible editor: Wang Hao

Article keywords:
High speed rail

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央视评中国美国高铁合作搁浅:中国企业要熟悉游戏规则|高铁_新闻资讯

　　原标题：美国停了与中国的高铁合作，几个意思？

　　王亚宏　　

　　中国美国首个高铁项目可能流产。去年9月与中国铁路公司达成协议的美国私营铁路公司西部快线，6月9日单方面宣布终止双方的合作。

西部快线公司官网截图

　　西部快线公司:

　　终止合作的原因：项目最大的阻碍来自于美国联邦政府规定高速列车必须在美国制造，中方公司难以获得推进建设所需的权限。

　　根据《2009年美国复苏与再投资法案》第1605条，涉及航空、铁路和公路等运输项目所使用的建筑材料和运营设备，必须由美国国内生产制造，少数特例除外。

　　对于西部快线单方面终止合作的声明，中国铁路总公司也给出了回应。

　　中国铁路总公司最新回应：

　　美国西部快线公司违反与中国铁路国际公司美国公司签订的有关协议，单方发布终止项目合作的消息，这一行为是错误的，不负责任的，我们表示反对，并已依法进行交涉。

　　双方在合作框架协议中约定，任何一方对外发布有关信息，必须经对方同意。

　　美方终止高铁合作项目，中方应如何维权？这次合作一旦终止对中美高铁合作会产生什么影响？

　　央视评论：中美高铁合作并未画句号

　　美方公司在声明中称，终止合作关系的原因是，存在及时履约的相关困难，而且中方合作伙伴在获得必要批准以推进项目的问题上面临挑战。公司负责人称，最大的困难仍是美国联邦政府提出的要求，即高速列车必须在美国国内生产。

　　对国产化比率的要求是国际贸易中一种典型的非关税壁垒。早在1933年，美国国会就制订了《购买美国货法案》，规定联邦政府机构的采购必须优先考虑美国制造的最终产品。所谓美国制造的最终产品包括两个标准，其一为该产品在美国制造，其二是国产化程度，也就是该产品中由美国制造的部分要达到50%以上。该法案虽未禁止联邦机构购买国外产品，但要求在评估时将国外产品的价格上调6%至12% ，从而使外国产品的价格高于本国产品，实际上已基本排除外国产品中标的可能性。

　　从经济大萧条之后到现在，虽然国际贸易体系在自由化方面取得了很多进展，但美国贸易保护主义一直有着深厚的根源，非官方壁垒会以各种形式出现，而美国政府所称的高速列车必须在美国生产也是“国产化壁垒”的新例证。

　　中企要了解规则 积极维权 国家层面应加强沟通

　　中国公司要在美国发展项目,也要熟悉美国的游戏规则，各种关税与非关税的壁垒都要熟悉，否则一不小心就会掉入贸易陷阱。要排除这些隐患，一方面企业层面要增强风险意识，吃透当地规则，并敢于用法律武器维护自身正当权益。比如企业已经回应将不遗余力地维权，面对美国单方面借口，中国公司要合理力争权益。

　　另一方面，除了企业要了解规则，积极维权外，国家层面的沟通也很重要。比如在本周刚刚结束的中美战略与经济对话中，成果包含铁路交通合作的内容。会议成果文件称，中国国家铁路局和美国贸易发展署决定在未来两年支持两个来自中国国家铁路局的反向贸易代表团，帮助中国铁路官员和企业熟悉美国货运铁路产能扩张的最佳实践、装备和科技。相信两国经济合作的顶层设计，会对高铁方面未来的合作起到积极的促进作用。

　　高铁合作 中国既要对困难充分估计 又要对前景保持乐观

　　高铁和核电设备是我国机电商品出口的两大龙头，近两年来在“走出去”中扮演重要角色。中国高铁项目已经在海外多个国家相继落户，美国市场则一直是突破重点之一。之前中国制造的地铁列车成功进入波士顿市场也为中国公司积累了不错的市场声誉。

　　不过事实证明，在重点市场突破方面，中方对各方面的困难有些估计不足。除了上述高铁车辆需要本地制造的“国产化壁垒”外，在环保评估等方面也存在潜在的风险。此外，据世界银行测算，我国建设高铁的成本为每公里1-1.25 亿元人民币，而美国加利福尼亚高铁的建设成本(不包括土地、机车车辆和建设期利息)甚至高达每公里5200万美元。这意味着美国高铁的成本是中国的三倍多，这使得在融资和运营方面中方也面临一块“未知水域”。

　　当然，在高铁合作方面既要对困难有充分估计，又要对前景保持乐观。高速铁路建设方面，美国远远落后于中国、日本和欧洲，而且目前美国国内并没有生产高铁车辆的供应商。美国在高铁方面有广阔需求，中国高铁近年来又实现了快速发展，因此中美两国在高铁项目上的合作基础是依然存在的，这点也不会随着一份声明或者一个项目的搁浅而改变。因此找到问题的所在，保持接触，中美高铁的汽笛会依旧长鸣。

　　放在宏观的视野下考量，美国方面突然宣布终止中国在美首个高铁项目，并不代表着两国高铁合作的终结，不妨把它看作是合作开始阶段磨合的一段插曲。

责任编辑：王浩成

文章关键词：
高铁

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