United States Embassy car scratches after escaping: diplomatic immunity powers as "jail"?

On June 10, the real-name authentication of the Twitter account @ I'm Chen issued a document saying, her car three Yuan Dongqiao is suspected in Beijing on 8th United States Embassy vehicles rub, and I was the other vehicles out of the dozens of metres, serious injuries, but the other party has left. Outside (app ID:xjb-waishier) notes that this event in online triggered widespread concern.

This morning, Beijing police were informed that the "Embassy rub licence minivan accident". So, if diplomats traffic accidents, can away? which is the diplomatic immunities of diplomats? today, outside (app ID:xjb-waishier) come to you about science.

　　After the scratch US Embassy vehicles were, regardless of the victim fall away

The night of June 10, accreditation for media correspondents of the Twitter account @ I'm Chen issued a call themselves the night of 8th at the height change at sanyuan East bridge was left rub, the other in spite of negotiations, forced to leave the scene. When the owners tried to block "was out of the dozens of meters, ran in traffic and seriously injured", the other party has left.

Injured owner's Twitter shots.

In Twitter, owner of Sun out of the license plate of the incident, saying it belongs to the United States Embassy. Owners also wrote on Twitter, police said, and I'm afraid he has diplomatic immunity.

Outside (app ID:xjb-waishier) notes that this incident caused widespread concern over the Internet, as 12th, that Tweet was forwarded more than 4,000 times.

　　Beijing traffic police rub accident, saying the law in the investigation and handling of

This morning, Beijing traffic police microblog was informed on progress in this incident. Police confirmed the accidents of rub, and says it has contacted with the relevant agencies.

Beijing traffic police official Micro-Blog screenshot.

@ Beijing police: 18:02 June 8, traffic control Department police, East third ring road, Chaoyang District, supported under lusanyuandong bridge in Beijing, an Embassy license small passenger cars rub accident and a small passenger car, the city. Chaoyang traffic detachment immediately sent police to the scene to dispose of, accept the accident according to law, and has contact with the relevant authorities. At present, the traffic control Department was lawful investigation and handling.

　　Origin legend of diplomatic immunity is what?

Although Beijing traffic police has said this event was being investigated according to law, but (app ID:xjb-waishier) notes that the legendary Internet users about diplomatic immunity was thrown.

Outside (app ID:xjb-waishier) access to information, diplomatic immunity, also known as the diplomatic privileges, refers to the presence of foreign diplomatic representatives enjoy certain special rights, and exempt from the jurisdiction of the host country restrictions. Under international law, in order to enable diplomatic agents to perform normal duties, according to the principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and equality of States, in accordance with established practice or agreement will grant diplomatic immunity to each other.

In fact, the authority of diplomatic immunity provisions from the Vienna Convention on diplomatic relations, the Convention on April 18, 1961 in Austria's capital, Vienna, the United Nations on diplomatic intercourse and immunities signed at the meeting, on April 24, 1964.

China joined the Convention in November 25, 1975, by December 2014, a total of 190 countries around the world becomes a party to the Vienna Convention on diplomatic relations.

"Jail?" NO, only exempted from criminal offences, does not apply in civil disputes

Foreign experts on diplomatic anonymity (app ID:xjb-waishier) that diplomatic immunity is immunity from criminal jurisdiction primarily. Diplomats had committed a crime, is not subject to criminal prosecution of the host country, there is no obligation to testify, but will be sent home, accept their legal punishment. "If you commit serious crimes, diplomats can be expelled. "As regards civil disputes, it is not within the scope of diplomatic immunity.

The foreign expert said, traffic accidents, can enjoy exemption from, different countries have different regulations. In some countries, traffic accidents can be characterized as a danger to public safety, then, in terms of specific implementation, national police have the right to withhold accident diplomat caused a serious accident.

In fact, diplomatic immunity is also a problem in the international community.

Korea 2013 data shows that diplomats in South Korea was manufactured in the 5 years 48 incidents of crime. Types of crimes including fraud, assault, sexual assault, drunk driving, etc. In these events, Korea Government investigations of cases of detention only 1, no prosecution cases, 31, protested to Ambassador party 10, taking administrative measures such as license revoked a total of 3.

　　Drivers are concerned United States diplomat to be investigated

However, the Foreign Affairs expert also said that vehicles in Beijing sanyuan East bridge in the scratch event, whether the perpetrator is United States diplomat at the Embassy, according to current information are not yet fully determined.

Depending on the identity of the driver. If the driver is the United States Embassy's local employees or American employees, rather than diplomats, would not enjoy diplomatic immunity. If the driver is Chinese, and also do not enjoy any immunity. Diplomatic immunities against individual diplomats, not the diplomatic licence plates of vehicles.

"Noteworthy is that diplomatic immunity to immunity in criminal cases, but not for civil disputes. For example, if the incident as described by the victims, then through diplomatic channels after negotiations with the Embassy, responsible party should be medical, delays cost civil compensation for victims. "The expert external (micro-ID:xjb-waishier).

Author: Jiang Ning

(Editors: Pan Yi burn UN657)
2016-06-12 20:55:38
The Beijing News

美国使馆车刮蹭后逃逸：外交豁免权能当“免罪金牌”？

　　6月10日，实名认证的微博账号@我是陈琳发文称，她的车于8日在北京三元东桥被疑似美国大使馆的车辆剐蹭，且本人被对方车辆拽出数十米，严重受伤，然而对方却扬长而去。外事儿(微信ID:xjb-waishier)注意到，这一事件在网上引发广泛关注。

　　今天凌晨，北京警方通报了这起“使馆牌照小客车剐蹭事故”的相关情况。那么，如果驻华外交官交通肇事，就可以一走了之吗?驻华外交官的外交豁免权究竟有哪些?今天，外事儿(微信ID:xjb-waishier)就来为大家科普一下。

　　美使馆车辆被指发生刮蹭后，不管伤者倒地一走了之

　　6月10日晚，认证为媒体记者的微博账号@我是陈琳发文，称自己8日晚高峰时在三元东桥被一左转车剐蹭，对方不顾交涉，欲强行离开现场。车主试图阻拦时“被拽出数十米，扑倒在车流中，严重受伤”，对方却扬长而去。

受伤车主的微博截图。

　　在微博中，车主晒出了肇事车牌，称其属于美国驻华使馆。车主还在微博上写道，警察表示，恐怕对方有外交豁免权。

　　外事儿(微信ID:xjb-waishier)注意到，这一事件在网上引发了广泛关注，截止12日下午，这条微博被转发了4000多次。

　　北京交警确认剐蹭事故，称依法调查处理中

　　今天凌晨，北京交警在微博上通报了这起事件的进展。警方确认了这起剐蹭事故，并表示已经与相关部门取得联系。

北京交警官方微博截图。

　　@北京交警：6月8日18时02分，交管部门接报警，在北京朝阳区东三环辅路三元东桥下，一辆使馆牌照的小客车与本市一小客车发生剐蹭事故。朝阳交通支队立即派民警赶赴现场处置，依法受理此事故，并已与相关部门取得联系。目前，交管部门正在依法调查处理中。

　　传说中的外交豁免权是何来历?

　　虽然北京交警方面已经表态正在对此事件依法进行调查处理，但外事儿(微信ID:xjb-waishier)注意到，传说中的外交豁免权还是引发广大网友热议。

　　外事儿(微信ID:xjb-waishier)查阅资料得知，外交豁免权，又称外交特权，是指一国派驻外国的外交代表可享有一定的特殊权利，并豁免受所驻国家的管辖权限制。根据国际法，为了方便外交代表执行正常职务，各国根据相互尊重主权和平等互利的原则，按照惯例或有关协议，会互相授予外交豁免权。

　　其实，外交豁免权的权威规定来自于《维也纳外交关系公约》，这一公约于1961年4月18日在奥地利首都维也纳召开的联合国关于外交交往与豁免的会议上签订，1964年4月24日生效。

　　中国于1975年11月25日加入这一公约，截至2014年12月，全世界共有190个国家成为《维也纳外交关系公约》的缔约国。

　　“免罪金牌”?NO，仅豁免刑事犯罪，不适用民事纠纷

　　一位不愿透露姓名的外交问题专家对外事儿(微信ID:xjb-waishier)表示，外交豁免权主要是刑事管辖豁免。外交官犯了罪，可以不受驻在国的刑事追诉，也没有出庭作证的义务，而是会被送回国，接受本国的法律惩治。“如果犯有严重罪行的话，外交官会被驱逐出境。”至于民事纠纷，则不在外交豁免权范围内。

　　该外交专家也表示，出了交通事故，是否可以享受豁免，不同的国家则有不同的规定。有些国家，交通事故可能被定性为危害公共安全，那么，在具体执行上，驻在国的警察有权暂扣造成严重事故的肇事外交官。

　　其实，外交豁免权在国际社会同样是一个老问题。

　　韩国2013年的一项数据显示，驻韩外交官在5年内制造了48起犯罪事件。犯罪类型包括诈骗、殴打、性骚扰、酒后驾驶等。在这些事件中，韩国政府拘留调查的案件只有1起，未起诉案件有31起，向当事国大使提出抗议的有10起，吊销驾照等采取行政措施的共3起。

　　涉事司机是否是美国外交官有待调查

　　不过，这名外交专家也表示，在北京三元东桥的车辆刮蹭事件中，肇事者是否是美国使馆的外交官，根据目前的信息还不能完全判定。

　　这取决于司机的身份。如果司机是美国使馆的当地雇员或美籍雇员，而不是外交官，将不享有外交豁免权。如果司机是中国人，同样不享受任何的豁免。外交豁免是针对外交官个体，不是针对外交牌照的车辆。

　　“值得注意的是，外交豁免权虽然能豁免刑事案件，但不适用于民事纠纷。比如，这起事件若如受害方所言，那么，通过外交途径与使馆交涉后，肇事方应该对受害者进行医疗、误工费用等民事赔偿。”这名专家对外事儿(微信ID:xjb-waishier)表示。

　　撰文：江凝

(责任编辑：潘奕燃 UN657)
2016-06-12 20:55:38
新京报