Fujian body recovery operations began, Netherlands action starts the defendant is not a bona fide acquisition | Netherlands | Buddha | lawsuit _ news
Information: Zhang Gong zu Shi body like

Original title: investigative journalism: Zhang Gong zu Shi flesh like recourse Netherlands proceedings officially launched

Xinhua Netherlands Amsterdam June 15 electric (reporter Liu Fang Yang Xinyi) by Fujian villagers delegate for chapter public Patriarch flesh like recourse of litigation lawyer mission representative, and Netherlands lawyer Yang·huoerteheyisi 14th to Xinhua reporter confirmed, Netherlands Court has Yu this month 8th accepted case, flesh like holds who, and Netherlands hid home aosika·fanaofulimu has delegate lawyer appear; plaintiffs lawyer has to Netherlands Court submitted demands statement, and will in accordance with Netherlands legal program submitted by needed added file. Huoerteheyisi said that the team will make every effort to ensure that Zhang Gong zu Shi returned to their original resting place.

Zhang Gong six Patriarchs in the flesh as in datian County in sanming city, Fujian province, Wu Shan Xiang Yang chun Cun Dong Pu cun and irradiates the Church was dedicated to the thousands of years of joint ownership in 1995, lunar calendar October 24 (Gregorian December 15, 1995) found to be stolen. March 2015, the statue of Buddha in Hungary attracted wide attention when exhibited in the Museum of natural sciences. Buddha holder then dismantle, and thereafter returned to Fujian villagers in unacceptable conditions put forward in the negotiations. Last November, spring village and dongpu Dutch team in the village village Committee authorized all the villagers to recourse actions. Huoerteheyisi law firm is the case in the Netherlands court agents ad litem.

Huoerteheyisi says, because you do not know fanaofulimu was purchased in a personal capacity or on behalf of other statues, while plaintiffs ' lawyers sued the fanaofulimu himself and his two companies registered at the same address. On May 31, the Netherlands judicial police issue a summons to the defendant. On June 8, fanaofulimu lawyer to appear in court on its behalf. "This means that the case in the Netherlands officially registered, the Court began to hear both sides. ”

It is understood that the villagers pointed out in the appeal, the defendant purchased the flesh like behavior is not made in good faith, in accordance with Netherlands law are not entitled to statues containing the remains of others.

　　Collectors are not bona fide acquisition

Huoerteheyisi told reporters: "as a collection of Asian art expert, fanaofulimu ought to have more than the average person to fully understand the Asian art market, works of art and the art trade, so when you buy art are supposed to meet higher standards of review obligations, check whether the purchased works of art through illicit trade. Fanaofulimu also made statues are purchased through the Hong Kong market, and buying behavior occurs, Hong Kong art market had this Buddha statue in the illegal trade, it is a known fact. We also know that fanaofulimu is another Netherlands collectors bought the statues, he Netherlands collectors are also informed. ”

Last March, the Buddha was withdrawn Hungary exhibition, refused to disclose the names of Buddha holder said in a statement: "the owner of Buddha was a fanatical collectors of early Chinese art, Chinese art collection for nearly 30 years. In 1996, he obtained the statue of the Buddha. One owner in late 1994 to early 1995 on Chinese art in Hong Kong from a sincere friend to get this statue of Buddha, and in 1995 this statue brought to Amsterdam from his studio in Hong Kong residence. ”

However, in 2014 (the Buddha went to Hungary prior to participation and concern) published by the Netherlands introduces Atlas of Buddha, collectors get Readme statues in 1996 from Hong Kong. Fanaofulimu did not show any of the Buddha acquired relevant evidence.

Huoerteheyisi said: "in art circles everyone knows, without an export permit, a statue of the Buddha, could never legally leave China. Professional art buyers supposed to check the source file and export licenses, fanaofulimu apparently did not do so. ”

Netherlands Civil Code provides as more careful review for their sale. If he can prove that the purchaser fails to fulfil carefully reviewing obligations, relics of its non-bona fide acquisition, ownership is likely to be at a disadvantage.

　　Human remains or becomes the dominant factor

Villagers in Fujian Netherlands agent also noted that Zhang Gong images contains a identity recognizable remains of the Millennium, remains of the Buddha and in fact has not split, is a unity, and therefore the dominant element of the case may not be a Buddhist work of art, but of human remains.

Huoerteheyisi explained that under the Netherlands 1991-related provisions of the burial and Cremation Act, and in the light of the then Netherlands Minister of Justice on the interpretation of the law, and no man has the right to another body. "This means that, in the Netherlands a person has the right to have this statue of Buddha, even if it is made in good faith. Netherlands law also stipulates that families and caregivers the right to reimbursement of the relevant bodies. Care that the ancestral remains of villagers in Fujian province for several centuries, this fact can prove that they are entitled to seek reimbursement. ”

Huoerteheyisi also noted that: "the genealogy and other evidence to prove that the villagers associated with the Patriarch, plus village dedicated to the founder of the fact that for a long time, the villagers have a legitimate basis for reimbursement of the Buddha. ”

Chinese heritage experts have pointed out that Buddha text, irradiates the Church retain their banners on a futon and hangings, history has come down on the field surname headstream of the Yang Chunlin's genealogy on Zhang Gongzu Division, irradiates the Church clearly documented, can all prove Zhang Gong zu Shi only corresponds closely with the shining fame.

Huoerteheyisi told reporters in the Netherlands initiated proceedings in accordance with Netherlands law, lawyers representing the villagers will be without prejudice to the Court, explaining the case, wise quotes Netherlands law and regulations.

According to Netherlands proceedings, after the plaintiffs filed appeals to the court file, the accused may, within six weeks of responding to documents submitted to the Court, may apply for an extension. After the first round of documents submitted, the Court may arrange a hearing and judgement; also may require the parties to submit additional documentation. The Court after the verdict, both sides could appeal.

Huoerteheyisi won the licensing law in 2004 in China. Huoerteheyisi is the China international economic and Trade Arbitration Committee and the Shanghai international economic and Trade Arbitration Commission for arbitration. This Netherlands lawyers gave himself the Chinese name "Hao". He told reporters, Zhang Gong zu Shi recourse action is an interesting case, and similar case law is limited. "The team will make every effort to ensure that Zhang Gong zu Shi returned to their original resting place, the villagers should be the outcome of the proceedings. ”

The same day, journalists contact holder fanaofulimu of Buddha on several occasions, his phone went unanswered.

Responsible editor: Wang Hao

Article keywords:
Netherlands Buddha litigation reporter

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福建肉身坐佛追索行动开始，荷兰诉讼启动 被告不是善意取得|荷兰|佛像|诉讼_新闻资讯
资料图：章公祖师肉身像

　　原标题：记者调查：章公祖师肉身像追索荷兰诉讼正式启动

　　新华社荷兰阿姆斯特丹6月15日电（记者 刘芳 杨昕怡）受福建村民委托进行章公祖师肉身像追索的诉讼律师团代表、荷兰律师扬·霍尔特赫伊斯14日向新华社记者证实，荷兰法院已于本月8日受理此案，肉身像持有者、荷兰藏家奥斯卡·范奥弗里姆已委托律师出庭；原告律师已向荷兰法院提交诉求声明，并将依照荷兰法律程序提交所需补充文件。霍尔特赫伊斯说，律师团队将尽全力争取使章公祖师返回原来的安息之所。

　　章公六全祖师肉身像在福建省三明市大田县吴山乡阳春村和东浦村共同拥有的普照堂被供奉了上千年，于1995年农历十月廿四（公历1995年12月15日）发现被盗。2015年3月，这尊佛像在匈牙利自然科学博物馆展出时引起广泛关注。佛像持有者随即撤展，在此后的归还谈判中提出了福建村民无法接受的条件。去年11月，阳春村和东浦村村民委员会代表全体村民授权中荷律师团队进行追索诉讼。霍尔特赫伊斯所在的律所是此案在荷兰法院诉讼的诉讼代理人。

　　霍尔特赫伊斯说，由于不确知范奥弗里姆是以私人名义还是其他名义购得佛像，原告律师同时起诉了范奥弗里姆本人和他名下在同一地址注册的两家公司。5月31日，荷兰法警向被告发出传票。6月8日，范奥弗里姆委托律师代其出庭。“这意味着此案在荷兰正式立案，法庭开始听取双方意见。”

　　据了解，村民在诉求中指出，被告购得肉身像的行为绝非善意取得，依照荷兰法律也无权拥有佛像内含的他人遗骸。

　　藏家绝非善意取得

　　霍尔特赫伊斯告诉记者：“身为收藏亚洲艺术品的行家里手，范奥弗里姆理应比一般人更充分了解亚洲艺术市场、艺术品和艺术交易，因此在购买艺术品时也理应履行更高标准的审查义务，如检查所购艺术品是否经历非法交易。范奥弗里姆还明言佛像是通过香港市场购得，而购买行为发生时，香港艺术市场有这类佛像在进行非法交易，这是为人所知的事实。我们也知道，范奥弗里姆是从另一名荷兰收藏者手中购得这尊佛像，这名荷兰藏家也是知情者。”

　　去年3月，佛像被撤出匈牙利展览后，当时拒绝公开姓名的佛像持有者发表声明称：“佛像所有者是一名中国早期艺术品的狂热收藏者，从事中国艺术品收藏近30年。他于1996年中获得这尊佛像。上一手所有者于1994年末至1995年初在香港从一名真诚的中国艺术朋友那里获得这尊佛像，并于1995年中将这尊佛像从他在香港的工作室运到阿姆斯特丹的住所。”

　　不过，在2014年（佛像赴匈牙利参展并引起关注之前）出版的荷兰文佛像介绍图册中，藏家自述佛像是1996年从香港获得的。范奥弗里姆不曾出示与佛像购得经过有关的任何证据。

　　霍尔特赫伊斯说：“从事艺术品交易的圈子里人人都知道，没有出口许可，这样一尊佛像绝不可能合法离开中国。专业买家理应检查艺术品的来源文件和出口许可，范奥弗里姆显然没有这样做。”

　　荷兰《民法典》对文物买卖有详细的谨慎审查规定。如能证明购买者未能履行谨慎审查义务，其所持文物非善意取得，就有可能将其所有权置于不利局面。

　　人体遗骸或成主导因素

　　福建村民的荷兰诉讼代理人还指出，章公祖师像内含一具身份可识别的千年遗骸，佛像与遗骸事实上已经无法拆分，是个统一体，因此此案的主导因素可能不是佛教艺术品，而是人体遗骸。

　　霍尔特赫伊斯解释说，根据荷兰1991年《埋葬与火化法案》相关规定，再参照时任荷兰司法大臣对此法律的解读，没有人有权拥有他人遗体。“这就意味着，在荷兰任何人都无权拥有这尊佛像，哪怕是善意取得。荷兰法律还规定，家属和看护者有权索还相关遗体。福建村民看护这具祖先遗骸长达数世纪，这一事实可以证明他们有权要求索还。”

　　霍尔特赫伊斯还指出：“族谱等证据可证明村民与章公祖师的关联，加上村民长期供奉祖师的事实，村民们拥有索还佛像的合法依据。”

　　中国文物专家已指出，佛像蒲团上的文字、普照堂保留的条幅和幔帐、历史上流传下来的《阳春林氏族谱》《大田姓氏源流》中关于章公祖师、普照堂的明确记载，都足以证明章公祖师与普照堂唯一对应的密切关系。

　　霍尔特赫伊斯告诉记者，在荷兰启动的诉讼程序应符合荷兰法律，代表村民的律师团队将不带成见地向法庭呈现、解释案情，用明智的方式援引荷兰法律法规。

　　根据荷兰诉讼程序，原告向法庭提交诉讼诉求文件之后，被告可在六周内向法庭提交应诉文件，也可申请延期。第一轮文件提交之后，法庭可能安排听证，然后宣布判决；也可能要求双方提交补充文件。法庭宣判后，双方均可上诉。

　　霍尔特赫伊斯的律所于2004年在中国获得执业许可。霍尔特赫伊斯还是中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会和上海国际经济贸易仲裁委员会的仲裁员。这名荷兰律师给自己起的中文名字叫“杨昊”。他告诉记者，章公祖师追索诉讼是一个有意义的案件，与之类似的判例法有限。“律师团队将尽全力争取使章公祖师返回原来的安息之所，这是村民们应该得到的诉讼结果。”

　　同日，记者数次联络佛像持有者范奥弗里姆，他的电话无人接听。

责任编辑：王浩成

文章关键词：
荷兰 佛像 诉讼 记者

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