Long seventh: bear day boat first launch vent rain-coat
Poised for the long seventh
Long seventh carrier rocket is to meet a manned space station project, launched cargo spacecraft requirements and the development of a new generation of highly reliable, high security, medium liquid rocket. Long seventh uses Lox/kerosene engines new technologies such as near-Earth orbits carrying capacity of 13.5 tons, can also be used to launch satellites and other loads. Long seventh has a series of proprietary core technologies, is China's first "digital" rocket, from design to production, is made of three dimensional digital platforms. Like "comics" era across the "3D movie" era, the long seventh China carrier rocket into the full life-cycle of digital gates. Hainan Wenchang space launch site, this is the start-up of first flight test mission.
Long seventh rocket in January 2011, the project started development, has completed the development and ground testing tasks, has launched flight test conditions. The launch's main aim is to verify the validity of the design and the performance indicators, while carrying domestic scientific research institutes of payloads, space technology experiments.
Long first flight of seven significant
CPPCC Member, Party Secretary of the China Academy of launch vehicle technology the Liang Xiaohong earlier interview said: the most important significance of the long seventh flight, China will have a special cargo ship launched rockets.
Liang Xiaohong, explained that "special order" the rockets only two types: first, long second f rocket, was custom-designed for manned spacecraft rockets, design, reliability, and security to meet all human needs and the long seventh to meet the need of resupply cargo ships. "After the match, long seventh to ensure human activities where goods transported where. "Liang Xiaohong said. Once the matching and goods, China's space capabilities will expand once again. The long seventh, "first flight" means here.
Secrets of how to adapt to a new launch site environment
To vent "wearing a raincoat"
As a new generation of long March series of rockets, long seventh technical solutions, from transport to the launch has revolutionized the way some of the changes.
Due to the long seventh rocket flight, but also new launch rocket for the first time at low latitudes in China, so in the long seventh in rocket design, how to adapt to the environment of the new launch site, is always the developer's focus. Especially humid environment, Chinese launch sites did not exist before. Long seventh to penetrate into every detail of water protection.
According to aerospace science and technology group, Chief Designer of the long seventh, one Assistant introduced Hu Xiaojun, general types of cowl vents, conventional type of fairing in the Inland launch sites don't do a separate waterproof measures rain couldn't come, but more rain in Hainan, the rain may enter the vent. We can do to ensure the payload fairing foolproof, rainy weather does not affect, specially designed vents waterproof measures.
Boat first launched the task will take days
Though the long seventh using our existing rocket design of a diameter of 3.35 meters, but changes in the power system is quite large. Toxic pollution-free liquid oxygen and kerosene as a fuel, green. Booster 1 time times longer than existing rockets, more robust, and in more powerful at the same time, long seventh brain smarter.
Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation Deputy Chief Designer of the rocket, a long seventh Cheng Tang Ming describes, device with intelligent chip, you do not need so many ground equipment to test it, it has some self test features.
According to the plan, long seventh carrier rocket after the success of the maiden flight, China's first space cargo ship "day boat first" mission. Capacity to achieve increased dramatically. Long seventh, aerospace science and technology group, a Chief Designer of the launch vehicle Fan Ruixiang introduction, "in the past we fail to launch low-orbit capacity of 9 tons, now the long seventh launch low-orbit capacity nearly 14 tons, is a very big step. "
Three inland launch sites can also be launched
Although not the largest in the family, but among the members of a new generation of long March rockets, long seventh task is the most burdensome. In addition to manned cargo ship launch, long seventh more modification study will also be undertaken.
Long March launch vehicle technology Research Institute of aerospace science and technology group, seventh rocket commander Wang Xiaojun introduced the long seventh carrier rocket was launched as cargo ships and the development of the launch vehicle, it can take on a wide variety of tasks in the future. We are also looking at the next step, to launch a variety of satellite in our country.
Meanwhile, flying long seventh stage, apart from outside Hainan Wenchang launch site that is enabled for the first time, there are more choices. Due to the use of the last design of the long March rocket family a diameter of 3.35 meters, long seventh through culverts and tunnels through land transport to the existing three major satellite launch sites.
In a series of intensive preparations for the space launch activities
2016 is a space launch from "high-strength density" to "super high density" for one year. As a launch vehicle developed the "ACE", affiliated to China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, China Academy of launch vehicle technology as a whole will perform 15 space missions, from commercial satellite launches, commercial satellite launches and manned space flight, Beidou navigation and other major national project.
How big is the ability to launch vehicles, how big is the stage of China's space. To the space launch vehicle from space powers, China is accelerating the premise of power basic and important conditions. The "Thirteen-Five" period, the rocket carrying capacity in China will enter the world's top three.
It is understood, in accordance with the plan, China will choose launch second space laboratory in the third quarter, fourth quarter launch manned spacecraft Shenzhou 11th and took 2 astronauts docked with it, for a period of 30 days of astronauts test space resides. First half of 2017, with the long seventh, launch days the boat is first cargo spacecraft, docking with the temple on the second, carrying out the experiments propellant added. Around 2018, the launch of core module. Around 2022, China will develop and launch the Basic module for the 20 ton-class sections of the space station, breakthroughs and mastered Assembly of near-Earth space station construction and operation technology, long-term manned space flight technology, larger space applications.
" Up to five" more worth the wait
The long fifth, "development is currently the largest scale, highest technology spans the space transportation system. Its near-Earth orbits carrying capacity 25 tons, geosynchronous transfer orbit capacity of 14 tons, China's ability to enter the space can be increased by 2.5 times, and traction service power system of carrier rocket, China upgraded. The rocket is expected to be implemented in 2017 lunar phase III tasks. The long fifth, long seventh flight will significantly enhance China's capacity for independent access to space, and realizing leaping development of overall level of space transportation system for China from space powers provide important support to the aerospace power.
(Editors: Fan Jipeng UN600)
2016-06-22 11:31:09
Sohu
长征七号：承担天舟一号发射任务 排气孔穿雨衣
蓄势待发的长征七号
长征七号运载火箭是以满足载人空间站工程，发射货运飞船的需求而研制的新一代高可靠、高安全的中型液体运载火箭。长征七号采用了液氧煤油发动机等新技术，近地轨道运载能力13.5吨，也可用于发射人造卫星等其他载荷。长征七号具有一系列自主知识产权的核心技术，是中国首枚“数字化”火箭，从设计到生产，均采用全三维数字平台。好比从“连环画”时代跨越到“3D电影”时代，长征七号标志着中国运载火箭迈入了全生命周期数字化的大门。这也是新建成的海南文昌航天发射场首次执行飞行试验任务。
长征七号运载火箭于2011年1月立项启动研制，目前已全面完成各项研制和地面试验任务，具备进行发射飞行验证的条件。这次发射的主要目的是全面验证火箭设计的正确性和各项性能指标，同时搭载了国内相关科研机构的有效载荷，开展空间技术试验。
长七首飞 意义重大
全国政协委员、中国运载火箭技术研究院原党委书记梁小虹此前受访时表示：长征七号首飞最重要的意义在于中国将有一型专门发射货运飞船的火箭。
梁小虹解释道，目前"专门订制"的火箭只有两型：一是长征二号F火箭，是专门为载人飞船订制的火箭，所有设计、可靠性、安全性要满足载人的需要；而长征七号则要满足为空间站补给的货运飞船的需要。"匹配后，长征七号可以保证人的活动到哪里，货物就运送到哪里。"梁小虹说。一旦人货匹配，中国航天空间活动能力将再一次拓展。长征七号"首飞"的意义在这里。
揭秘 如何适应全新发射场的环境
给排气孔"穿雨衣"
作为新一代的长征系列火箭，长征七号的技术方案，从运输到发射方式都有着革命性的一些变化。
由于长征七号火箭的首飞，也是中国的运载火箭第一次在低纬度新发射场发射，所以在长征七号火箭的设计中，如何适应全新发射场的环境，一直是研制人员关注的重点。特别是潮湿多雨的环境，是中国之前的发射场没有的。长征七号对水的防护也渗透到了每个细节之中。
据航天科技集团一院长征七号总设计师助理胡晓军介绍，常规型号的整流罩都会有排气孔，常规型号的整流罩在内陆发射场不做单独的防水措施，雨也进不来，但是在海南雨天较多，雨有可能进入排气孔。我们为了保证整流罩内的有效载荷能做到万无一失，不受下雨天气的影响，专门设计了排气孔防水措施。
将承担天舟一号发射任务
虽然长征七号沿用了我们现役火箭3.35米直径的设计，但是动力系统的变化却相当大。采用无毒无污染的液氧煤油作为燃料，更加绿色环保。它的助推器比现役火箭长了一倍，动力更加强劲，在力量更加强大的同时，长征七号的大脑也更加聪明。
航天科技集团一院长征七号火箭副总设计师程堂明介绍，设备采用了智能化芯片，不需要那么多的地面设备来对它进行检测，它有一些自检测的功能。
按照计划，长征七号运载火箭将在首飞成功之后，承担中国首个空间货运飞船"天舟一号"的发射任务。运载能力实现大幅提升。航天科技集团一院长征七号运载火箭总设计师范瑞祥介绍，"过去我们的运载火箭低轨道运载能力不到9吨，现在长征七号运载火箭低轨道运载能力接近14吨，是一个很大的跨越。"
内陆三大发射场也可发射
虽然不是新家族中个头最大的，但是在长征火箭的新一代成员中，长征七号的任务却是最为繁重的。除了用于载人航天工程货运飞船的发射，长征七号还将进行更多改型的研究。
航天科技集团运载火箭技术研究院长征七号运载火箭总指挥王小军介绍，长征七号运载火箭是作为发射货运飞船而研制的运载火箭，它未来可以承担多种多样的任务。下一步我们也在研究，要发射我们国内各种各样的卫星。
同时，长征七号的飞天舞台，除了首次启用的海南文昌发射场之外，还有更多选择。由于沿用的过去长征火箭家族3.35米直径的设计，长征七号可以顺利通过涵洞和隧道，能够通过陆路运输前往现有的三大卫星发射场。
系列航天发射活动紧锣密鼓筹备中
2016年是中国宇航发射任务从"高强密度"走向"超高密度"的一年。作为运载火箭研制的"王牌军"，中国航天科技集团公司所属中国运载火箭技术研究院全年将执行15次宇航发射任务，覆盖民用卫星发射、商业卫星发射以及载人航天、北斗导航等国家重大专项工程。
运载火箭的能力有多大，中国航天的舞台就有多大。运载火箭是加快推动中国从航天大国向航天强国迈进的前提基础和重要条件。"十三五"期间，中国火箭运载能力将迈入世界前三。
据了解，按照计划，中国将于第三季度择机发射天宫二号空间实验室，第四季度发射神舟十一号载人飞船并搭乘2名航天员与之对接，进行为期30天的航天员的太空驻留试验。2017年上半年，用长征七号运载火箭发射天舟一号货运飞船，与天宫二号对接，开展推进剂补加等相关试验。2018年前后，发射试验性核心舱。2022年前后，中国将研制并发射基本模块为20吨级舱段组合的空间站，突破和掌握近地空间站组合体的建造和运营技术、近地空间长期载人飞行技术，开展较大规模的空间应用。
“长五”更加值得期待
长征五号"是中国目前研制规模最大、技术跨度最高的航天运输系统工程。其近地轨道运载能力25吨，地球同步转移轨道能力14吨，能将中国进入空间的能力提升2.5倍，并带动牵引中国现役运载火箭动力系统升级换代。该型火箭预计将在2017年执行探月三期任务。长征五号、长征七号首飞将显著提升中国自主进入空间的能力，实现航天运输系统整体水平跨越式发展，为中国从航天大国向航天强国迈进提供重要支撑。
(责任编辑：范吉鹏 UN600)
2016-06-22 11:31:09
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