Japan why did not drop a taxi, Uber? -Take a taxi to the last drop, Uber, drops-IT information
Japan is a country that traffic is developed, we went to Tokyo and Osaka, Japan for tourism in major cities on business, found everywhere by taxi, and most of them also as "for hire" sign. In the streets, a move over to a few cars, which do not enjoy to freeze on a Beijing street half an hour the pain of hitting his car.
However, this is an illusion. If you are in Japan, or in the company, if you want to call a taxi, that is not the case. You must make an appointment to call the taxi company if you want to go to Tokyo's Narita Airport, or to go to Tokyo's Haneda Airport, wanted to use their quotas of the taxi, I'm sorry, that one-hour appointment in advance, otherwise no chance.
Some of the large and medium cities in China, if you want to take a taxi, taxi, car or express APP software to the last drop, move your fingers quickly around to the car, thinking about when to go and when to go, is very convenient. Japan also knows Uber/drops a taxi this software, would like to use this software to make money a lot, but Japan why development is not, cannot form a cab like China service system? This is because Japan Society met with a great deal of legal obstacles.
6 years ago, United States Uber taxi company to enter Japan market, this service was first launched in Fukuoka City, Uber, the entire operating system with China, that is, Uber system for taxi companies to provide a attract passengers IT system service. However, the taxi company by joining this system to achieve the objective of increased passengers increased operating profit. United States in Japan is not as crazy as China hit a taxi company some 10 billion, with subsidies for taxi drivers and even relief passenger taxi way to expand the business, but for taxi companies to provide initial fee, to obtain a system called the taxi car service. In other words, Japan a taxi company and its biggest profit, is to profit by adding franchisees (franchise fee).
However, this company for 3 years, not only do not get Japan land transportation business license, but also unable to expand their business in Fukuoka City outside. Finally, a taxi company to declare close to abandon Japan market. (IT information Note: the latest news of theUber were finally allowed to enter Japan market, exclusive to the elderly only )
Why Japan does not approve the Government drops a taxi/Uber? To unravel this mystery, I specifically went to interview a few days before Japan's biggest taxi company "Japan traffic," Mr Yamasaki, head of the Department of operations management. He told me to take a taxi to the last drop in Japan cannot survive three reasons.
Yamazaki said Japan cannot accommodate the taxi/Uber the system to the last drop, the biggest reason is because it undermines the principle of fair competition in the market. Japan taxi company's dime, however, it is not divided into public and private companies, only companies and individuals, that is, Japan's taxis is divided into two kinds, one is the company's taxis, there is also a taxi. Japan company's taxis are not as full as China contract, Japan taxi driver salary plus bonus, bonus is calculated according to your performance in each month, naturally Japan is no money for taxis.
Japan's personal taxi is completely self-financing, but Japanese people to obtain individual taxi licenses, it is very rare not because of money, but your qualifications. Must be met for more than 10 years of taxi and clean driving records in the last 5 years. In other words, only the taxi industry in the old wizards, are eligible to open individual cabs. In this way, both the company's taxi, or a personal taxi, its market position is the same.
However, after the Uber, encountered such a problem in Fukuoka: pay a joining fee of taxi companies, business is on fire. But did not join the company business is becoming a talking shop. Reluctant to pay the initial fee of taxi, a very hard time. In this way, took a taxi to the last drop was a clear violation of Japan under the commercial Act "the principle of fair competition in the market." This is the first reason.
Second reason, because some black without taxi licences, have begun to make money by joining the Uber. Japan Society to an unlicensed taxi, but not "black", but is called "white". Then this white car down the street, not only robbed the taxi company's business, as well as for operating without a license, violation of Japan under the road traffic Act and the Act on roads open.
The third-leading cause, many of the passengers had no knowledge of the case, use Uber system sits on a taxi without a license, then in case of an accident, compensation for passengers is lack of access to formal channels, for passengers, therefore, there is a great deal of security and interest risks.
These three reasons, Japan Government believes that the United States Uber company in Japan doing business, would seriously undermine the principle of fair competition in the taxi industry, while fuelling rampant black, is a contrary to the legal principles of the Act therefore does not agree to issue business licenses to them.
I once took a taxi in Shanghai, to chat with the driver drops a taxi they gnash, catch a taxi to the last drop kick said, coupled with the emergence of special trains, express, many of their businesses were robbed. I said, why don't you ask the Government about the? They said, we said that it was useless, the company boss said nothing.
In contrast, Japan, when the United States Uber companies challenge Japan market, was first out against who? A taxi industry association. They think Uber this practice would disrupt Japan's taxi market, accordingly to the Japan Ministry of land and Transport Ministry raised objections, resulting in Uber be nipped in the bud.
So, why is taking a taxi in China has been very good to the last drop of development?
Strictly speaking, in the context of Government's strict control over taxi license, took a taxi to the last drop and the car, fast company is the legal boundaries, their emphasis is on services and the Internet, rather than hire and therefore do not need a taxi license. However, the fact is that many drops for a taxi and express, car company was established its own fleet is in a rental. Meanwhile, many Chinese only care about their car, and not a cab itself is legitimate. China also has a complete legal system, however, most of the time, people think, as long as they promote economic development for market prosperity, conflict with the law, you can also turn a blind eye, later improved on the line. This flexible approach of China, is conducive to the growth of new, is conducive to the development of new industries. Will help alleviate the urban taxis, driving hard problem, but also for the taxi market in China to introduce a competitive situation. However, the drops appear at the taxi, car and train, it has also led to rampant black business without a license, the impact of the taxi market. In "to the market, or to the law" on the choice of China most obviously chose "to market".
Japanese brain to be more rigid, they are "to market, or to the law" on the choice, they will often choose to law, because in their eyes, the law is holy. "No is not prescribed by law, is required by the rules to do it. "This is a thing, many Japanese make their judgments, instinctively follow a principle. And that's a principle of, up to a point, will nip in the bud the birth of society tend to be more conservative.
Therefore, a software by taxi to the last drop, reflects China and Japan between the different social attitudes, and national interests and the legal relationships of different demands. It's hard to say who is right and who is wrong, only that "different circumstances". However, sincerely hope that Japan can also develop a set of legal, in line with market norms "took a taxi to the last drop" to facilitate taxi.
日本为什么没有滴滴打车、Uber？ - 滴滴打车,Uber,滴滴 - IT资讯
日本是一个交通十分发达的国家，我们到东京、大阪等日本大城市旅游出差，发现满街都是出租车，而且大部分还打着“空车”的提示牌。在街头，手一招就过来几辆车，完全享受不到在北京街头冷冻半小时还打不到车的痛苦。
但是，这是一个错觉。如果你在日本的家里，或者在公司，想叫一辆出租车的话，那就不是这么回事。你必须给出租车公司打电话预约，如果你想去东京成田机场，或者去东京羽田机场，想利用他们的定额制的出租车，对不起，那得提前一个小时预约，否则没戏。
我们在中国的一些大中城市，如果想打车的话，利用滴滴打车或者快车、专车的APP软件，动动手指就能很快约到车，想什么时候走就什么时候走，十分便捷。日本也知道Uber/滴滴打车这个软件，想利用这一软件赚钱的人也不少，但是日本为什么就发展不起来，形成不了像中国这样一个叫车服务系统呢？这是因为日本社会遇到了一个很大的法律障碍。
6年前，美国打车公司Uber进入日本市场，首先在福冈市开展了这项服务，Uber的整个操作系统跟中国差不多，也就是说，Uber系统给出租车公司提供一个招徕乘客的IT系统服务。然而，出租车公司通过加盟这一系统来实现增加乘客增加营业利润的目的。美国在日本的这一家打车公司不是像中国那样狂砸10几个亿，用补贴出租车司机甚至减免乘客的出租车费的方式来扩大业务，而是要求出租车公司提供加盟费，来获取这一打车的系统叫车服务。也就是说，日本的这一家打车公司它的最大盈利点，是通过增加加盟者来获取利润（加盟费）。
但是，这一家公司运营了3年，不仅领不到日本国土交通部的营业许可证，同时也无法在福冈之外的城市拓展业务。最后，这一家打车公司不得不宣布关门，放弃日本市场。（IT资讯备注：最新消息《Uber终于获准进入日本市场，仅限老年人专享》）
为什么日本政府不批准滴滴打车/Uber？为了揭开这一个谜，我前几天专门去采访了日本最大的出租车公司“日本交通”的运营管理部负责人山崎先生。他告诉我滴滴打车在日本无法生存的三大原因。
山崎先生说，日本之所以无法接纳滴滴打车/Uber系统，最大的原因，是因为它破坏了市场的公平竞争原则。日本的出租车公司是多如牛毛，然而，它没有国营和民营公司之分，只有企业和个人，也就是说，日本的出租车是分成两种，一种是公司经营的出租车，还有一种是个人出租车。日本公司经营的出租车不是像中国那样实行完全承包制，日本出租车司机是拿工资加奖金的，奖金是根据你每一个月的业绩来计算，自然日本的出租车是没有份子钱的。
那么日本的个人出租车，完全是自负盈亏，但是日本人要获得个人出租车的经营许可证，难度是很大的，难得不是因为资金，而是你的资历。必须是开过10年以上的出租车，而且在最近5年内没有违章记录。也就是说，只有出租车行业里的老法师们，才有资格去开个人出租车。这样一来的话，无论是公司经营的出租车，还是个人的出租车，其市场的地位是一样的。
但是，Uber一出来后，在福冈就遇到了这么一个问题：交了加盟费的出租车公司，生意很火。但是没有加盟的公司，生意就变得清谈。不太愿意交加盟费的个人出租车，则日子很难过。这样一来，滴滴打车就很明显地违反了日本《商业法》规定的“市场公平竞争原则”。这是第一大原因。
第二大原因，是因为一些没有出租车营业许可证的黑车，也开始通过加盟Uber来赚钱。日本社会把这一种无证经营的出租车，不叫“黑车”，而是叫“白车”。那么这一些白车满街跑，不仅抢了出租车公司的生意，同时因为无证营业，也违反了日本《道路交通法》和《道路营业法》。
第三大原因，许多的乘客在不知情的情况下，利用Uber系统坐上了无证经营的出租车，那么万一遇到交通事故，乘客是难以获得正规渠道的赔偿，因此对于乘客来说，存在很大的安全与利益隐患。
就这三个原因，日本政府认为，美国Uber公司在日本开展业务，将严重破坏出租车行业的公平竞争的原则，同时还将助长黑车的横行，是属于一种有违法律原则的行为，因此不同意向他们颁发营业许可证。
我有一次在上海坐出租车，跟司机聊起滴滴打车，他们也恨得咬牙切齿，说滴滴打车都打烂了，加上专车、快车的出现，他们的生意都被抢走许多。我说，那你们为什么不起来向政府提意见呢？他们说，我们说了没用，公司老板也不吭声。
反观日本，当美国Uber公司挑战日本市场时，最先出来抵制的是谁呢？是出租车行业协会。他们认为Uber这一种做法将扰乱日本的出租车市场，因此向日本国土交通部提出了反对意见，最后导致Uber被扼杀在摇篮里。
那么，滴滴打车为什么会在中国得到很好的发展呢？
严格说来，在政府对出租车营业执照实施严格控制的背景下，滴滴打车和专车、快车公司是打了一个法律的擦边球，他们强调的是互联网加的服务，而不是经营出租车，因此不需要出租车的经营许可证。但是，事实上呢，许多滴滴打车和快车、专车公司是变相地成立自己的车队开展出租服务。同时，许多中国乘客只在乎自己的用车便利，而不在乎出租车本身是否合法。中国虽然也有很完备的法律体系，但是，许多时候，人们还是觉得，只要能够推动经济发展，有利于市场繁荣，事情与法律有些抵触，也可以睁一只眼闭一只眼，以后慢慢修改完善就行。中国的这一种相对灵活的做法，确实有利于新生事物的成长，有利于新产业的发展。也有利缓解城市打车难、行车难问题，同时也为中国的出租车市场引进一种竞争态势。但是，滴滴打车、专车和快车等的出现，确实也导致了一些无证营业黑车的横行，冲击了出租车市场。在“要市场，还是要法律”的选择上，中国多数人显然是选择了“要市场”。
日本人脑筋要刻板的多，他们在“要市场，还是要法律”的选择上，他们往往会选择要法律，因为在他们的眼里，法律是神圣的。“法律规定不行就是不行，必须按规定规矩来做。”这是许多日本人在对一个事物作出是否判断时，出于本能遵循的一个原则。而这一种原则的坚持，在某种程度上，也会扼杀新生事物的诞生，让社会趋于更加的保守。
所以，一个滴滴打车软件，可以折射出中国和日本两国不同的社会心态，和国民在利益与法律关系上的不同诉求。很难说谁对谁错，只能说“国情不同”。但是，真心希望日本也能发展出一套既合法又符合市场规范的“滴滴打车”，以方便大家打车。