Jiangsu were tornado village self-help problem: more elderly Jiangsu Yancheng | | | self-help in the disaster area _ a tornado news
On June 25, building village, Funing County, Jiangsu Province, relief troops to help the affected villagers clean up buried items. Beijing News reporter Wang Guibin photography

Jiangsu Yancheng extra wind and hail killed more than disaster victims at Home; United States Tornado evacuation and safe-haven moves into practice

Focus

6·23 extra wind and hail disasters in Yancheng, Jiangsu, the vast majority of the victims killed in his own House. Experts suggested that the tornado-prone areas should improve construction standards for buildings.

In addition, the affected towns and villages, the village "hollowing out" serious, young labour to work, mostly old people left behind in the village, they themselves appeared to be inadequate.

"The vast majority of the victims were killed in their own home. ”

Suk set, Funing Township cadre Li Chunwen community is a "$literal", he counting again within their respective jurisdictions over more than 10 dead said, two of the worst-hit village, almost can not see an intact roof. People were crushed to death in his room, someone is with roof tiles wrapped by a tornado into the air, and then fell to the ground dozens of meters away.

"We here more than 80 old people say that they have never seen such a wind. "Li Chunwen said, is located in the plain of Yancheng, Jiangsu, adjacent to the Yellow Sea. Province of Jiangsu Province, though tornadoes are relatively more, weather forecasting often "lightning" or "strong wind", but who have not seen Thunder? Who would never have thought to have such a big storm, much less thought of peasant's House is so fragile.

Li Chunwen said local village "hollowing out" serious, all the rest elderly, women and children. Faced with this kind of weather, people usually choose to stay at home. Next, the houses were overturned, the villagers have nowhere to hide.

Many of the victims were killed at home

The afternoon of June 23, in this rare 1 hour before the wind and hail struck, Li Chunwen from micro-circle of friends see someone forwarded the letter of warning. Funing County, Yancheng City, Bureau and Bureau of meteorology issued yellow warning of thunderstorms, respectively, mention may be accompanied by high winds, strong convective weather such as short-time strong precipitation.

At that time, it was not normal.

Jin Sha Zhou Qicheng Lake 9 Group 75 years old this year. He congratulated the disaster when his wife at his side. Two people pushing shaking deformation of the door, from the home to escape the collapse.

In the storm, Zhou Qicheng heard the cry for help of fellow villagers Shutoku. Shutoku's wife Wang Ping is hit by the cement beams of the roof, in the living room to move. Few old Heli pulled out Wang Ping, rushed to the hospital.

At this time, lane in the village have piled down the broken trees and telephone poles, Shutoku spot along the road, carrying a ping running on the road, be enthusiastic drivers to the nearest hospital.

They go to a children's Hospital. Shutoku's wife was simple after dressing, plus additional transfers. Shutoku said, 1201 straight couldn't get through, then a hospital doctors to help get through another phone, called the ambulance pull his wife away.

He anxiously asked the ambulance, why so long? Just know, many people were injured, hospitals overwhelmed.

In the ambulance, Wang Ping was still alive, and looked around. 7 o'clock in the evening, from the hospital, "rescue invalid" notice.

One woman living alone and Wang Ping Shuang Qiao Cun, did not escape unscathed in his home, until it was discovered that her when she had stopped breathing in the rubble.

Village there is a woman who is sitting out of the building, directly through the roof when trees fell on her, was born a few days the baby was not his mother ... ...

New family house in the village is relatively lucky. Sands Lake 9 unit just a brick house remained intact, old wood-frame house with few escape.

Strange disasters

Recalls 75-year old Zhou Qicheng, Funing formation in more than 30 years ago, had a strong winds, caused the roof of an auditorium, but not this bad.

Zhou Qicheng has never seen such a large hail – with his hands holding up a explained to reporters.

Statistics show that on April 16, 1977, a tornado killed 118 people in Hubei Province, one of the deadliest since 1951.

At the disaster scene, cadres of the Funing County Emergency Office surnamed Wu told reporters that 3 years ago another tornado also occurred in Funing County, but much smaller than this.

In recent years, and plans have been perfect the emergency system in Funing County. This time, after the disaster of the afternoon, the County immediately mobilized more than 600 people started rescue and relief. But many of the villagers believe that disaster just like they are strangers, without any training in emergency and risk aversion.

"Local weather station although there is no accurate prediction of tornadoes, but has predicted thunderstorms and severe convective weather, and sent out telegrams. "An expert from the national weather service told reporters that the tornadoes belong to local small scale weather phenomena, it is difficult to accurately forecast and early warning depends on accuracy of the density of meteorological stations construction.

In his view, the disaster warning information like this, should be free to text messages sent to the location of mobile phone users. But warning of disaster can eventually play a role is for the dissemination of information, the Government's emergency response mechanisms and reaction speed.

Elderly hardest self-help

Even on the phone warning messages, Zhou Qicheng think not much.

He said that now most of the people in the village for the elderly. They tend to use the "old man", usually do not see a message, even seen, old people or go elsewhere, staying at home is the same result.

Several terms of Funing County, Yancheng City land back young people participating in the rescue said the countryside here, usually connected to a thief, old people are afraid to come out tubes, "edge of reality", don't be so demanding "high", "modernization".

Li Chunwen told reporters that the disaster occurred after the first scene often need people to help themselves. However, young people are walking out of the village the village almost 60 years old, very difficult organized themselves.

At first, door-to-door troubleshoot, help spread of cadres at township level, central primary school, some elderly people living alone receive settlements, at least not to the rain. To that night and the next day, the rescue forces have arrived.

"Young people have settled in the city bought the House, does not live in the country. "51, Zhou ping, pointing to move something in the ruins of a few middle-aged women said," they are now back in the city for help. ”

Starting from the evening of 23rd, Salt Lake City and the surrounding counties came wearing different uniforms of the PLA and armed police soldiers fire, began to clean up the property can also be used, rescue and not get bad food, remove danger and obstacles. Since the disaster, the original deserted village becomes crowded.

"You see these young people, mostly back in the field, or just volunteer. "Li Chunwen said some injuries were old people and children lost, because they are not aware of their children's phones, usually holding the phone are waiting for children to call them, injured to hospital, phone no.

Increased extreme weather will become the new subject

Is strong tornadoes occur most frequently in China, Jiangsu Province. Largely due to the low-lying flat, interwoven network of rivers and lakes in northern Jiangsu Province, in subtropical and temperate climate transition zone of accumulation of atmospheric instability, conducive to tornado formation.

Nanjing University of information engineering professor, Executive Editor of the journal of the atmospheric sciences zhixiefei told reporters, the tornado intensity in Yancheng, Jiangsu, Tornado and hail of Jiangsu history at the same time. It is also the worst tornado disasters in Jiangsu Province.

Miao qilong, a professor at the University of Nanjing information engineering believe that tornadoes usually form in short time, all of a sudden, time is short, often for a few minutes to tens of minutes; little spaces, horizontal width of only a few meters to hundreds of meters on the ground affects only dozens of meters to ten or twenty kilometres in length. Even with the most advanced modern meteorological radar, are hard to catch it before the upcoming 30-minute, 10-minute warning, which is weather forecasting problems.

Even in the United States, a tornado "warning" is not equivalent to accurately calculate its trajectory, but the risk of a possible move.

Beijing News reporter in the United States, Pennsylvania experienced a tornado early warning and contingency "operational".

In July 2010, United States Pennsylvania famous Longwood Park, or under the shower. At about two o'clock in the afternoon, alarming the whole Park, radio notice "tornado warning". Whether it's outdoor garden, or glass houses and garden sheds, sounded an evacuation notice.

Park managers to split up along the established route urges and lead the people into a building looks very solid and deep into the bottom of the lobby.

After a two-hour, early-warning lifted. When people return to outdoor is the weather. Long came across several discount branch falls on the road at the center of the road.

Longwood Park Manager, told reporters: this is just a small tornado. But because many Pennsylvania tornado, just in case, so long as the storms may occur, we have good security protection of a surefire plan.

In the United States, Tornado warnings are relatively common, evacuation and emergency has become an established practice, this has become a habit and norms, they don't bother.

In China, the current network density relative to the monitoring needed for tornado, Doppler radar is still relatively sparse. Therefore, zhixiefei recommendations in areas prone to tornadoes and other severe weather, meteorological departments need to build more intensive monitoring network.

Miao qilong, a professor at the University of Nanjing information engineering is considered, the tornado-prone areas should improve construction standards in building, even if a tornado occurs, not houses collapsed and, secondly, although it is difficult to accurately predict, but when tornadoes occur in thunderstorms. So when a thunderstorm occurs, people go to avoid the sturdy building or away from the thunderstorm area, to avoid casualties.

The end of 2015 at the climate conference of Paris, the expert group of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in China "angle" on the finale brought less positive news--China is particularly affected by climate change, the rise in average temperatures is twice times the global average temperature. In China, the extreme weather is increasing, and how to mitigate and adapt to the effects of climate change, and calmly deal with the increasingly common "hundred-year" before us is a new topic.

-Beijing News reporter Liu Yiman Gu Yuefei reported in Yancheng, Jiangsu

Responsible editor: Liu Debin SN222

Article keywords:
Tornado-stricken area in Yancheng, Jiangsu self-help

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江苏遭龙卷风村庄自救遇难题:多是老弱妇孺|江苏盐城|龙卷风灾区|自救_新闻资讯
6月25日，江苏阜宁县大楼村，救援官兵帮助受灾村民清理被埋物品。新京报记者 王贵彬 摄

　　江苏盐城特大风雹灾害遇难者多在家中遇难；美国应对龙卷风疏散和避险举措已成惯例

　　■ 关注焦点

　　在江苏盐城6·23特大风雹灾害中，绝大多数遇难者在自家的房屋里遇难。专家建议，龙卷风多发地区应该提高建筑物的建筑标准。

　　另外，受灾的乡镇，村庄“空心化”严重，青壮劳力外出打工，留在村子里的多是留守老人，他们自救显得力不从心。

　　“绝大多数遇难者都是死在自己家里。”

　　阜宁县硕集社区乡镇干部李纯文是位“80后”，他默数一遍辖区内十多个死者说，受灾最重的两个村几乎看不到一个完整的屋顶。有人是在房间里被砸死，有人是和屋顶的瓦片一起被龙卷风裹到高空，然后摔到几十米外的地上。

　　“我们这里80多岁的老人都说从未见过这样的风。”李纯文说，江苏盐城地处平原，毗邻黄海。虽说江苏省是龙卷风相对较多的省，天气预报常有“雷电”或“大风”预报，但是谁没见过打雷？谁也不会想到有这样大的狂风，更没想过农家的房屋如此脆弱。

　　李纯文说，当地的村子“空心化”严重，基本都剩下老弱妇孺。面对这样的天气，大家一般都选择待在家里。接下来，房屋被掀翻，村民们无处躲藏。

　　遇难者多在家中遇难

　　6月23日下午，就在这场罕见风雹来袭前1个多小时，李纯文从微信朋友圈看到别人转发的预警信息。阜宁县气象局和盐城市气象局分别发布雷暴黄色预警，提到可能伴有大风、短时强降水等强对流天气。

　　那个时候，天色已变得不正常了。

　　金沙湖9组的周其成今年75岁。他庆幸灾难发生时有老伴在身旁。两个人合力才推开摇晃得变形的房门，从不断坍塌的家里逃出去。

　　在狂风暴雨中，周其成听到同组村民周德专的呼救。周德专的妻子王平被屋顶的水泥横梁砸中，压在客厅动弹不得。几个老人合力把王平拉了出来，赶紧往医院送。

　　这时候，村里的小路已经堆满拦腰折断的树和电线杆，周德专沿着这条小路，背着王平跑到公路上，被热心的司机拉到最近的一家医院。

　　他们去的是一家儿童医院。周德专的妻子被简单包扎处理后，还需另外转院。但周德专说，120一直打不通，后来有医生帮忙打通另外一家医院的电话，叫来救护车将老伴拉走。

　　他心急如焚地问救护车，为什么要这么久？这才知道，很多人受伤，医院忙不过来。

　　在救护车上，王平还活着，还能四处张望。到了晚上7点钟，医院传来“抢救无效”的通知。

　　双桥村的一位独居老奶奶和王平一样，躲在自己家里没能躲过一劫，等到人们发现她的时候，她已经在瓦砾中停止呼吸。

　　大楼村还有一位正坐月子的妇女，大树倒下去的时候直接砸穿了房顶打在她身上，才出生几天的婴儿顿时没了母亲……

　　村里房子新一些的人家相对幸运。金沙湖9组就只剩一幢砖混结构的房屋还保持着完好，老式的土木结构房几无幸免。

　　陌生的天灾

　　75岁的周其成回忆说，阜宁30多年前有过一次大风，当时掀起了一个礼堂的屋顶，但是也没有这次的厉害。

　　周其成也从没见过这么大的冰雹——他双手托起一个碗口大小的给记者看。

　　资料显示，1977年4月16日，湖北的一场龙卷风造成了118人死亡，为1951年以来死亡人数最多的一次。

　　在救灾现场，阜宁县应急办一位姓吴的干部告诉记者，3年前阜宁县另一个地方也发生过龙卷风，但比这次小多了。

　　近几年，阜宁县的救灾应急系统和预案一直在完善。像这一次，灾害发生之后的当天下午，县里就紧急调集了600多人开始抢险救灾。但不少村民认为，他们对于这样的灾难完全很陌生，没有过应急和避险的任何训练。

　　“地方的气象站虽然没有精准预报龙卷风，但是已经预测到雷暴和强对流天气，并发出了明传电报。”国家气象局的一位专家告诉记者，龙卷风属于局地特别小尺度的天气现象，很难精准预报，预警的准确程度依赖于气象观测站建设的密度。

　　他认为，像这类灾害预警的信息，应该以短信形式免费向所在地的手机用户发送。但预警最终能不能对防灾减灾起到作用，就是由信息的传播力度、政府的应急机制和反应速度决定的。

　　留守老人艰难自救

　　就算是对手机发预警短信，周其成也觉得没多大用。

　　他说，如今村子里的人多数为留守老人。他们一般用的“老人机”，平时都不看短信，就算是看到了，老人们也没有意识去别的地方，待在家里也是一样的结果。

　　几位从阜宁县、盐城市等地赶回老家参加抢险的年轻人说，这里的农村，平时就连有贼，老人们都不敢出来管，“很现实的边缘化”，就不要要求那么“高”，那么“现代化”了。

　　李纯文告诉记者，灾害发生后的第一现场往往需要人们自救。可是，村子里的年轻人基本都走完了，村干部的年龄几乎都在60岁以上，组织力量自救显得很困难。

　　一开始，乡镇干部分散开来逐户排查、帮忙，把一些独居老人接到中心小学的安置点，至少别再淋着雨。到了当天晚上和第二天，各方面的救援力量才相继赶来。

　　“年轻一些的人也都在城里买了房子定居，不会住在乡下。”51岁的周平指着在残垣断壁里搬东西的几个中年妇女说，“她们也都是今天才从城里赶回来帮忙的。”

　　从23日傍晚开始，盐城和周边县市就赶来了穿着不同制服的解放军和武警消防士兵，开始清理还能用的财产，抢救还没被淋坏的粮食，排险和清障。因为灾难，原本清冷的乡村里变得热闹非凡。

　　“你看到的这些年轻人，基本都是外地赶回来的，或者就是志愿者。”李纯文说，有些受伤的老人都和子女失联了，因为他们都不知道子女的电话，平时拿着电话都是等着子女给他们打，受伤了送医院，电话也都没带。

　　极端天气增多将成新课题

　　江苏是中国强龙卷风发生次数最多的省份。主要原因是由于苏北地区地势低洼平坦、江河湖泊水网交织，处于亚热带和温带的气候过渡地带，大气易积聚不稳定能量，有利于龙卷风生成。

　　南京信息工程大学教授、《大气科学学报》执行主编智协飞告诉记者，江苏盐城这次龙卷风强度大，龙卷风和冰雹同时出现为江苏历史上罕见。它同时也是江苏迄今为止最严重的龙卷风灾害。

　　南京信息工程大学教授缪启龙认为，龙卷风通常形成时间短，常是突发事件，经历时间短，常为几分钟到几十分钟；空间范围小，地面水平宽度只有几米 到几百米；影响长度只有几十米到一二十公里。即使用现代最先进的气象雷达，也很难捕捉到它即将发生前30分钟、10分钟的先兆，这也是天气预报的难题。

　　就算在美国，龙卷风的“预警”也并不等同能精确计算出其时间轨迹，而是一种应对可能发生的风险的举措。

　　新京报记者曾在美国宾夕法尼亚州亲身经历过一次龙卷风预警和应急“实战”。

　　2010年7月，在美国宾州著名的长木公园里，间或下着阵雨。下午两点左右，整个公园拉响了警报，广播里通知着“龙卷风预警”。无论是室外的花园里，还是玻璃房和花棚里，都响起了撤离通知。

　　公园里的管理人员分头沿着既定路线敦促和带领民众集中到一座看起来很坚固的大楼里，并且进入到楼底深处的大堂中。

　　待了两个小时之后，预警解除。人们回到室外的时候已经是风和日丽。很远的小路上偶然看到几根打折的树枝掉落在路中心。

　　长木公园的管理人员告诉记者：这看来只是很小的龙卷风。但是因为宾州龙卷风很多，为了以防万一，所以只要有风灾发生的可能，我们都要做好安全防护的万全之策。

　　在美国，龙卷风预警比较常见，疏散和应急避险也已经成为惯例，这也已经形成习惯和规范，他们并不会嫌麻烦。

　　在我国，目前相对于监测龙卷风所需要的网络密度，多普勒雷达站还比较稀疏。因此，智协飞建议，在龙卷风和其他强对流天气多发地区，气象部门需要建设更为密集的监测网络。

　　南京信息工程大学教授缪启龙则认为，龙卷风多发地区应该提高建筑物的建筑标准，即使龙卷风发生，也不至于房屋倒塌；其次，尽管难以精确预测，但是龙卷风多发生在雷暴天气时。因此在雷暴发生时，人们要注意躲避到坚固的建筑物里去，或远离雷暴区域，避免造成伤亡。

　　2015年底的巴黎气候大会进行时，中科院的专家组在“中国角”边会的压轴场上给人们带来了不太乐观的消息——中国是受气候变化影响特别严重的 地区，平均气温的上升是全球平均温度的两倍。在中国，极端的天气正在增多，而如何减缓和适应气候变化带来的影响，从容应对越来越常见的“百年一遇”，或许 是摆在我们面前的新课题。

　　□新京报记者 刘伊曼 谷岳飞 江苏盐城报道

责任编辑：刘德宾 SN222

文章关键词：
江苏盐城 龙卷风灾区 自救

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