Long seventh launch vehicle scale return capsule returns four hook | long March _ news

Original title: long seventh carrier rocket carrying a multipurpose ship scaled return capsule returns the full four points

Xinhua News Agency, Gansu, Jiuquan June 26 (reporters Wang Jingguo and and Jiang Weichao)-"compared with previous spacecraft returns the long seventh carrier rocket carrying a multipurpose ship scale highlights the process of re-entry capsule returns frequently, exciting and constantly. "Deputy Chief Designer of the landing site system Bian Hancheng 26th in the interview, introduced the re-entry module landed four points in the process.

　　Watch: Virgin ballistic capsule returns

In the reentry phase, return capsule returned to ballistic-and for the first time at the long seventh upper stage combination and capsule separation, command-and-control center not to control the re-entry capsule, capsule separation relies on speed and back to land.

"It's associated with our mission objective. "Bian Hancheng said the launch is to test the aerodynamic design of the re-entry capsule, gets back into the process of re-entry aerodynamics and thermal characteristics of aerodynamic test data, for the demonstration of a new generation of multipurpose ship design and support to the follow-up key technology research.

"This different State, we need to design some complex conditions of the test environment to get more comprehensive data. "Bian Hancheng said:" ballistic return capsule can be obtained without command and control center on the ground under controlled conditions and parameters, to the achievement of our objective to play a positive role. ”

　　Point two: landing site targeting for the first time in the desert

Previous spacecraft return points are mostly relatively flat land, sea. This time aiming the return capsule landed in the desert is the first time in the history of manned space engineering. "This is also done in order to get more comprehensive test data returned. "Bian Hancheng said.

This set of landing in the desert is located in the western part of Inner Mongolia badain jaran desert, its topography complex, Sha Shan, Sha Liang, lakes, etc. Practical significance of test data that gets very large.

In addition, the search recovered in the desert, on air and ground search and recovery unit is a great test, such as the helicopters landed, vehicle driving, how the Sha Liang sand hills, how to implement the return capsule recovery, the recovery effort needs to search research solution. "The flip side, it also developed a team, improve a player's ability to complete tasks in a harsh environment. "Bian Hancheng said.

Bian Hancheng said that from the perspective of engineering construction and the task implementation, has many advantages in selecting landing in the desert: basically a no man's land in the desert, recovery more difficult, but the security risk is relatively small. Because the sand is soft and of re-entry less damaging; multiple area selection and emergency return of the spacecraft and satellites.

　　Watch 3:3 "baton" to ensure the return capsule landing "full transparency"

Long seventh pick up shrinkage than the return capsule of the multipurpose ship, as a new generation of multi-purpose reentry capsule model, following the completion of aerodynamic data, to return Dongfeng ballistic landing field for the first time. More than 20,000 square kilometers of the Gobi desert, how can real time monitoring, rapid recovery of re-entry? Bian Hancheng, a researcher at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre, told reporters that re-entry capsule landed monitor is like a long-distance running relay race, and require a good 4 the baton.

First leg: Re-entry after entering from the altitude of 100 kilometers, landing multiple radar and optical observation near the track starts, these measuring devices from akesai to alateng, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, stretch thousands of kilometers, is mainly responsible for the measurement and return to the scene shot back on track.

Second leg: as declining return capsule measuring observation data communications Division will send air transport eight aircraft on standby, continue to relay tracking the return capsule. When the capsule dropped from the ground 10 kilometres open the main parachute, beacon signal. At this point, the aircraft direction finder to search the re-entry signal gets re-entry coordinates, and passes the data back to the command and control center in Beijing.

Third bar: a helicopter search team receives the command and control center in Beijing after the landing of the re-entry capsule from forecast, commanding a helicopter Guide 3 helicopters deploy search and rescue from different directions to the re-entry module landed fast and lead ground search teams rushed to the landing point.

　　Point four: desert emergency ramp ensure that helicopters taking off and landing

Capsule out of the desert is the most convenient way to lifting helicopters. But in practice found that helicopter lifting re-entry in the desert takes a long time stable hover at low altitude, during draughts, dust, motor overload and other problems can occur at any time, have greater security risks. If you can get a helicopter landing in the desert, search recovery personnel can comfortably tank trailer will be returned to the helicopter.

How to build a suitable landing platform in the desert became a problem. Search players through a series of experiments found the "unique tips": 16 pieces of thick canvas into a simple apron of 1600 square metres of emergency and local materials, packing the sand fixed canvas. A stable and suitable for helicopter landing apron was built.

Bian Hancheng said, using this method can effectively solve the problem of helicopter, as well as cost savings. "The whole emergency helipad cost only 20,000 yuan, an ordinary airfield construction costs hundreds of thousands of Yuan. ”

Responsible editor: Wang Hao

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长征七号运载火箭缩比返回舱返回四大看点|长征_新闻资讯

　　原标题：长征七号运载火箭搭载的多用途飞船缩比返回舱返回全程四大看点

　　新华社甘肃酒泉6月26日电(记者 王经国 琚振华 姜伟超)“与以往的飞船返回相比，长征七号运载火箭搭载的多用途飞船缩比返回舱返回过程亮点频频，精彩不断。”着陆场系统副总设计师卞韩城26日在接受记者采访时，介绍了返回舱着陆过程中的四大看点。

　　看点一：返回舱首次以弹道方式返回

　　在飞船返回阶段，返回舱首次以弹道方式返回——在长征七号上面级和返回舱组合体分离后，指挥控制中心不对返回舱进行控制，返回舱依靠分离时的速度和姿态返回着陆。

　　“这与我们发射任务的试验目的有关。”卞韩城说，这次发射就是验证返回舱的气动外形设计，获取返回再入过程中返回舱的气动力和气动热特性等试验数据，为我国新一代多用途飞船的论证设计和后续关键技术攻关提供支持。

　　“这就需要我们设计一些不同状态特别是复杂条件的试验环境以获取更为全面的数据。”卞韩城说：“以弹道方式返回就可以获取返回舱在不受地面指挥控制中心控制的条件下的相关参数，对于实现我们的试验目的起到积极作用。”

　　看点二：着陆点首次瞄准在沙漠

　　以往的飞船返回点大多是较为平整陆地、海上。这次把返回舱着陆点瞄准在沙漠在载人航天工程历史上还属首次。“这样做的目的同样是为了获取返回舱更全面的试验数据。”卞韩城说。

　　这次设定着陆的沙漠是位于内蒙古西部的巴丹吉林沙漠，其地形复杂多样，有沙山、沙梁、湖泊等。这对于获取试验数据的实践意义非常大。

　　此外，在沙漠里进行搜索回收，对空中和地面搜索回收分队是一次极大的考验，比如，直升机如何降落、车辆如何行驶、如何通过沙梁沙山、如何实施返回舱回收等，这些都需要搜索回收力量努力攻关解决。“从另一方面看，这也锻炼了队伍，提高了队员在恶劣环境下完成任务的能力。”卞韩城说。

　　卞韩城说，从工程建设和任务实施角度看，选择在沙漠着陆还有诸多优势：沙漠基本为无人区，回收难度虽然大一些，但安全隐患相对较小。由于沙土较软，对返回舱损害较小；多一些落区选择，有利于飞船、卫星的应急返回。

　　看点三：三道“接力棒”确保返回舱着陆“全程透明”

　　长征七号搭载的多用途飞船缩比返回舱作为新一代多用途飞船返回舱模型，在完成气动外形数据采集之后，首次以弹道式返回东风着陆场。在2万多平方公里的沙漠戈壁，怎样才能实时监测、快速回收返回舱？酒泉卫星发射中心研究员卞韩城告诉记者，返回舱着落监测就像一场长跑接力赛，需要传好4道接力棒。

　　第一棒：返回舱进入距地面100公里的高空后，在着陆轨道附近的多个雷达和光学观测站开始启动，这些测量设备从新疆阿克塞到内蒙古阿拉腾，延绵近几千公里，主要负责返回轨道测量和返回景象拍摄。

　　第二棒：随着返回舱不断下降，测量通信分队将观测数据发送给空中待命的运八飞机，继续对返回舱进行接力式跟踪。返回舱下降至距地面10公里高度时打开主伞，信标机发出信号。此时，飞机上的定向仪对返回舱信号进行搜索获取返回舱坐标，同时将数据传回北京指挥控制中心。

　　第三棒：直升机搜索分队在接收到北京指挥控制中心传来的返回舱预报落点后，指挥直升机引导3架直升机布阵展开搜救，从不同的方向向返回舱着陆点快速推进，同时引导地面搜索分队赶赴着陆点。

　　看点四：沙漠应急停机坪确保直升机起降

　　返回舱运出沙漠最便捷的方式是直升机吊运。但在实际演练中发现，直升机在沙漠中吊运返回舱需要较长时间的低空稳定悬停，期间阵风、扬沙、发动机过载等问题随时都有可能发生，具有较大安全隐患。如果能让直升机在沙漠中着陆，搜索回收人员就可以从容地将返回舱拖挂到直升机。

　　如何在沙漠中搭建一个合适的着陆平台成为一个难题。搜索队员经过多次实验后找到了“独门秘笈”：用16块加厚帆布拼成一个1600平方米的应急简易停机坪，同时就地取材，把沙子装袋固定帆布。一个稳定而适合直升机着陆的停机坪就建成了。

　　卞韩城说，使用这种方法既有效解决了直升机降落问题，同时还节省了成本。“整个应急停机坪的成本只有2万元，而一个普通停机坪建设费用动辄数十万元。”

责任编辑：王浩成

文章关键词：
长征

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