Long seventh team member Dr nearly half are under 35 years old is | |, the long seventh team _ news

8 o'clock last evening, a new generation of carrier rocket long March, seventh in Wenchang, Hainan spaceport blasted. Figure/Xinhua News Agency

Last night, the long seventh launch a successful maiden flight, which is No. 230 flight of long March series of launch vehicles. Long seventh which core technologies are being used, how "real" is assembled, how to shorten the launch preparation time? In addition, its "brain" in action, team and who is included? Beijing News reporter on the above issues, interviewing the long seventh secret related personnel.

1 innovation

11 technology to the high heat and high humidity salt spray environment

According to China space technology group related head introduced, March seventh, used has new of liquid oxygen kerosene engine low temperature power system, development during conquer has including help push device joint swing participation attitude control technology, and Super static set bundled technology, adapted coastal launch site fever, and high wet, and high salt fog of natural environment protection design technology, 11 items major key technology, upgrade has rocket of performance, promoted has rocket technology of progress.

According to reports, the technical characteristics and difficulties of the long seventh has six new.

New impetus. Levels using new Lox/kerosene engine and that a new type of low temperature pressure delivery system development is difficult.

The new layout. Booster twice times the length of active launch vehicles, three wheel hyperstatic bundled programs. Tail II Compact, through the use of secondary separation, ensure reliability of the stage separation.

The new environment. New power systems and multi-engine parallel led arrow and ground forces, thermal environment harsh; Hainan spaceport high temperature, humidity, salt fog, light wind and lightning and other natural conditions pose new challenges.

The new structure. Three dimensional design and manufacturing technology, getting through the whole three-dimensional process from design to manufacturing.

The new system. Using the new bus control, implementation and telemeted integrated design, space control, implement important data transmission.

New test. "New" on test mode transitions keep the arrow to gas, liquid and electricity connection status the same flight using large flow rate water spray systems for cooling and noise reduction.

2 rocket maintenance

Virtual technical design staff "" operation

"Virtual reality" designer "immersive" assembling the rocket, effectively ensuring that key components when there is a problem, safe and reliable maintenance program.

At present, this authentication method is in the long seventh key simulation and test use.

Long before the seventh flight, need to carry out extensive tests. One dynamic system tests, designers found that pipe needs to be replaced.

Arrows when assembling at the long seventh level is placed horizontally, on the test bench is placed vertically, both processes are completely different. Meanwhile, key equipment near the pipeline, the slightest mistake will affect them. For fast replacement of pipelines, designer evening brought out a set of proposals.

How to verify that the rationality of? Designers use arrows at the long seventh level "virtual reality" is simulated by wearing 3D head-mounted display and position tracking device, "" to verify that the maintenance programme is rational; operators performing real operations in the same way.

From program design to verify, the designers took just less than 1 day before, plan is perfect. Which makes the long seventh level on the test bench of the arrow pipe replacement, they can synchronize with other work and ensure the testing schedule is not affected.

"Although the computer can achieve a three dimensional model of the virtual maintenance, but not true, using ' virtual reality ', real-life experience in a virtual environment, be verified. "Chinese Aerospace Science and technology group, a design researcher Zhao Bo said, and rocket launch site this technology application in virtual training, launch site previews in the Assembly process, can effectively ensure the reliability of the rocket.

3 launch preparations

Only once before launch and docking time 3 days

Rocket launch site for vertical mounting and vertical test vertical transitions, called "three vertical mode". According to the Xinhua News Agency reported from vertical transitions to the successful launch of the long seventh, only 84 hours, is the shortest rocket launch in China.

It is understood that the long seventh "new three-vertical model", after the rocket to the launch area, about three days to perform the mission, than the active use of "three vertical model" rockets by 3 days.

Design personnel, active front of the rocket is generally two sets of test and control equipment, a technology area, a launching area, and only a long seventh, installed inside the activity the launch platform.

A front-end test and control equipment, plus gas and liquid way through activities on the launch pad's cord and swing connected with the rocket, the long seventh in the technical area and launch of arrow line connection can successfully, thereby streamlining after the rocket vertical transitions, launching zone for gas, liquid and docking as well as the test again.

Active rocket used in "three vertical mode", only two f rocket, the arrow links in the technical area and fired twice. Just a butt from the long seventh, better consistency and front end ground test and fully test the control equipment in the technical area, go to the lower probability of failure after launch, effectively improve the reliability of the launch.

It is understood that the Wenchang launch site and sometimes a typhoon. At present, China can determine the specific location of Typhoon 4-5 days in advance. Long seventh to shorten the preparation time is about 3 days before the shoot, so learn weather forecast decision after rocket field, avoiding transitions encountered bad weather and then returns the technical situation.

4 control system

Full digital control the rockets leading international

Long seventh is to meet China's manned space station launch cargo spaceships and manned launch vehicle replacement needs of the future, and the development of a new generation of high reliability and high security rocket, its control system is essential, is the rocket's "brain". How to make the brain smart, reliable, problem of control system team is thinking.

According to reports, the long seventh, China Aerospace Science and technology group, a control system the team a total of 20 people, excluding project manager, arrow control systems 4, test and control system for 4 people, 5 people the guidance and control system and software 4, is a professional level skills, technological literacy, strong research team. System development for eight years, the team solves a number of technical problems, and bold innovation and practice of the system bus control.

Long seventh control system of full digital control system based on redundant, high degree of intelligence, information, adaptable, functional coverage more widely, is easy to operate, fast launch characteristics, reliability, injection accuracy have reached international advanced level.

In addition, create a full digital control rockets, enhance the level of intelligent test is the long seventh "new features", one of the team system development of control system of breakthroughs in key technologies.

5 research and development team

Overall design team nearly half of young doctor

It is understood that research and development team, including long seventh overall design team, long seventh measuring systems team. Among them, 35 years of age occupy the majority of the members.

Overall design team is a young team with the fighting, more than 80% less than 35 years old. Most of young workers recruited for the past 4 years, both party members, education master's degree or, Dr 46%. They are master planners of new generation medium-launch vehicles, determines the rocket's "appearance" and "content".

Dr team has the ability and experience of the measuring system in place, experts, there are vibrant growth, follow a long seventh all the way up to the young designers. The teams understand long seventh launch process, perceived temperature, test rockets the rockets provide noise "listen" or "Watch" means.

In addition, the turbocharged delivery system development team, average age 30 years. Arrow structure research team with an average age of 32 years old, and most of its members are master's degree. Digital technology research and implementation team with an average age of less than 35 years old, the core staff structure, electrical, software and many other professional master's and PhD degrees. Information control team are young teams, up to seven for the first time dynamic closed-loop control system of test and control, by virtualizing redundant remodeling, hardware and software anti-jamming and high-precision timing control technology, ensure launch safety.

The Beijing News reporter Jia Shiyu

Responsible editor: Liu Debin SN222

Article keywords:
Long seventh research and development team

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长征七号研发团队成员大多不满35岁 近半是博士|长征七号|研发团队_新闻资讯

昨晚8时，我国新一代运载火箭长征七号在海南文昌航天发射场点火升空。图/新华社

　　昨晚，长征七号运载火箭首飞成功，这是长征系列运载火箭的第230次飞行。长征七号使用了哪些核心技术，如何“身临其境”地进行装配，又如何缩 短发射准备时间？此外，它的“大脑”如何运转，研发团队又包括哪些人？新京报记者就上述问题，采访了长征七号相关人员进行揭秘。

　　1 技术创新

　　11大技术 适应高热高湿高盐雾环境

　　据中国航天科技集团相关负责人介绍，长征七号采用了全新的液氧煤油发动机低温动力系统，研制期间攻克了包括助推器联合摇摆参与姿态控制技术、超 静定捆绑技术，适应沿海发射场高热、高湿、高盐雾的自然环境防护设计技术等11项重大关键技术，提升了火箭的性能，推动了火箭技术的进步。

　　另据介绍，长征七号的总体技术特点与难点有六新。

　　新动力。各级均采用新研的液氧煤油发动机及与之适应的新型低温增压输送系统，研制难度大。

　　新布局。助推器长度为现役运载火箭的2倍，采用三支点超静定捆绑方案。二级尾舱空间紧凑，通过采用二次分离，确保级间分离的可靠性。

　　新环境。新型动力系统及多发动机并联导致箭上和地面的力、热环境严酷；海南发射场高温、高湿、盐雾、浅层风及雷电等自然环境条件带来新挑战。

　　新结构。采用三维设计制造技术，打通从设计到制造的全三维流程。

　　新体制。使用新型总线控制，实现遥、外测一体化设计，采用天基测控，实现重要数据中继传输。

　　新测发。采用“新三垂”测发模式，转场过程中保持箭地的气、液、电连接状态不变，起飞段采用大流量喷水系统进行降温降噪。

　　2 火箭维修

　　虚拟技术 设计人员“身临其境”操作

　　利用“虚拟现实技术”，设计人员可“身临其境”装配火箭，有效确保关键零部件出现问题时，有安全可靠的维修方案。

　　目前，这种验证方法已在长征七号关键环节的仿真验证和试验中使用。

　　长征七号首飞前，要进行大量试验。其中一次动力系统试验时，设计人员发现需要更换管路。

　　而长征七号一级箭体装配时是水平摆放，在试车台上却是垂直摆放，二者操作流程完全不同。同时，管路附近关键仪器设备多，稍有不慎就会对其产生影响。为了快速更换管路，设计人员当晚就拿出了一套方案。

　　如何验证方案的合理性？设计人员把长征七号一级箭体用“虚拟现实技术”进行仿真，通过佩戴3D头盔显示器及位置跟踪设备，“身临其境”地验证维修方案是否合理；操作人员用同样的方式进行实景操作。

　　从方案的设计到验证，设计人员只用了不到1天的时间，方案非常完美。这使得在试车台上对长征七号一级箭体的管路进行更换时，可与其他工作同步开展，有力确保了试验进度不受影响。

　　“虽然电脑中可以实现三维模型的虚拟维修，但是不够真实，利用‘虚拟现实技术’，可以在虚拟环境中真实体验，得到验证。”中国航天科技集团一院设计人员赵博说，还要把这项技术应用在火箭发射场虚拟训练、发射场总装流程预演中，可有效确保火箭的可靠性。

　　3 发射准备

　　发射前仅一次对接 时间缩短3天

　　火箭在发射场进行的垂直总装、垂直测试、垂直转场，被称为“三垂模式”。据新华社报道，从垂直转场到成功发射，长征七号只用了84个小时，是我国目前发射占位最短的火箭。

　　据了解，长征七号采用“新三垂模式”，使火箭到达发射区后，三天左右即可执行发射任务，比现役采用“三垂模式”火箭缩短了3天。

　　设计人员介绍，现役火箭的前端测发控设备一般都是两套，一套在技术区、一套在发射区，而长征七号只有一套，安装在活动发射平台内。

　　一套前端测发控设备，外加气、液路通过活动发射平台上的脐带塔和摆杆与火箭连接，使长征七号在技术区和发射区的箭地连接关系能够很好地保持一致，从而精简了火箭垂直转场后，在发射区进行的气、液、电再次对接以及相应的测试工作。

　　现役火箭中采用“三垂模式”的仅有长二F火箭，其箭地连接工作在技术区和发射区要进行两次。而长征七号仅一次对接就成，状态的一致性更好，且前端地面测发控设备在技术区进行了充分测试，转至发射区后出现故障的概率更低，有效提高了发射的可靠性。

　　据了解，文昌发射场时而会有台风。目前，中国能提前4至5天确定台风登陆的具体地点。长征七号将射前准备时间缩短至3天左右，这样一来，在得知气象预报后就能决策火箭是否转场，避免转场后遇到恶劣天气再返回技术区的情况发生。

　　4 控制系统

　　全数字化控制火箭 国际领先

　　长征七号是为满足中国载人空间站工程发射货运飞船和未来载人运载火箭更新换代的需求，而研制的新一代高可靠、高安全的火箭，其控制系统非常关键，是运载火箭的“大脑”。如何让这个大脑变得智能、可靠，是控制系统团队长期思考的问题。

　　据介绍，中国航天科技集团一院长征七号控制系统团队共20人，除去项目主管，箭上控制系统4人，测发控系统4人，制导和控制系统5人，软件专业 4人，是一支专业水平过硬，技术素养超强的攻关型团队。系统研制的八年间，这支团队解决了多项技术难题，并在系统总线控制方面进行了大胆创新和实践。

　　长征七号控制系统采用基于多余度总线的全数字控制系统，智能化、信息化程度高，适应能力强，功能覆盖更广，具有易操作、快速发射的特点，可靠性、入轨精度等均达到国际领先水平。

　　此外，打造全数字化控制火箭、提升智能信息化测发水平是长征七号的“新一代特征”之一，也是控制系统团队在系统研制中突破的重要关键技术。

　　5 研发团队

　　总体设计团队年轻 博士近半

　　据了解，研发团队包括长征七号总体设计团队、长征七号测量系统团队等。其中，不满35岁的成员占据多数。

　　总体设计团队是一支年轻而具有战斗力的团队，80%以上不到35岁。大部分为近4年内入职的年轻员工，均为党员，学历为硕士以上，其中博士占46%。他们是新一代中型运载火箭的总体规划师，决定了火箭的“外貌”和“内涵”。

　　测量系统团队既有能力与经验齐备的博士、专家，也不乏活力四射、跟随长征七号一路成长起来的年轻设计师。该团队为全方位了解长征七号发射过程、感知火箭温度、测听火箭噪音提供“监听”、“监看”技术手段。

　　此外，增压输送系统研制团队，平均年龄30岁。箭体结构攻关团队，平均年龄32岁，成员大部分是硕士学历。数字化技术攻关与实施团队平均年龄不 到35岁，核心人员由结构、电气、软件等多个专业的硕士、博士组成。信息控制团队也是支年轻队伍，首次实现长七动力系统测发控的闭环控制，通过虚拟化冗余 重构、软硬件抗干扰及高精度时序控制等技术，保障火箭发射安全。

　　新京报记者 贾世煜

责任编辑：刘德宾 SN222

文章关键词：
长征七号 研发团队

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