Uncovering Sanxingdui in Sichuan: migrant worker a hoe and dig out the world's Nineth wonders | DUI _ news

Yang Yongcheng in the Sanxingdui Museum about discovering stories.
Zongmu mask
Artifact (2)
The golden sceptre
Bronze tree
Bronze State of people

Sanxingdui pit discovered 30 anniversary of the revelation

Sanxingdui, known world "Nineth wonder." Its discovery caused a sensation in the world.

On July 18, the Sanxingdui will usher in the pit discovered 30 anniversary. In the invited list, including global archaeological experts, there are two little-known special people, 73, of Guanghan villager Yang Yongcheng Guo Hanzhong and conservation experts. They are witness to two pit excavation, participants, and unravel the mysteries of Sanxingdui "key."

30 years ago, Guanghan city, Nan XING Zhen Samsung village, 43, a brick factory worker Yang Yongcheng a hoe down, a piece of bronze was hit. Yang Yongcheng breaks up soil, got a shock: it's a bronze mask. Together with archaeological experts arrived at the scene, as well as local a 16 year old teenager Guo Hanzhong. Juveniles have a wish: do not pay to participate in excavations.

This year, with the Sanxingdui Yi、erhao large sacrificial pits were found, thousands of resold outside Taiwan have come out. The bronze trees, zongmu masks, bronze big state people, the golden sceptre, a brickworks (2 pieces), Sanxingdui 6 "national treasure"-level cultural relics, all comes from here.

Today, Guo Hanzhong is a famous expert on restoration of cultural relics of Sanxingdui. Yang Yongcheng had over 7 years old, became a grandfather. "Sometimes I wanted to feel the magic, experts dug up, foreigners did not dig, we dig a few farmers hoe. "Yang Yongcheng recalls without emotion," this could be the fate. ”

Samsung says Zhu Yarong, deputy curator of the Museum, participate in archaeological excavations of the brick factory workers, experts and scholars all please come back, is to pay homage to them, they discovered and awakened the sleeping thousands of Sanxingdui.

Guanghan City Bureau of cultural relics Deputy Director Yang Yang referred to these people as "with God's will", or how are they hoe dug out of Sanxingdui.

　Shaking the hoe

Hitting a bronze ear

Located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, with the Chengdu plain as the center of ancient civilization, has now been accepted and the Yellow River civilization, is the mother of the Chinese civilization.

However, until the beginning of the last century, a brilliant civilization, because there is no physical evidence was believed to exist only in myth.

Change began in 1927. That year in Guanghan, Nan XING Zhen, Yan Daocheng and his son Yan Qingbao digging ditches next to the House at home, came across a pit of jade, and in 1934, when he led West d.c.Graham, curator of the University, Yan Daocheng of jade was located and unearthed relics more than 600 pieces of ... ...

"But the next 50 years, due to the war and ' the cultural revolution ' and other reasons, find prolonged stagnation. "Former Sichuan Institute of historic relic archaeology archaeology vice-captain, Sanxingdui ruins excavation project leader Chen Dean said.

Born and raised in Nan XING Zhen XING Cun Yang Yongcheng, unclear history of excavations near his home. But the old man about the "treasure" legend, was printed in the mind from an early age. "Grew up listening to old man, near the buried treasure, Americans had to dig. ”

On July 18, 1986, Yang Yongcheng are NaN XING Zhen brick factory, brick factory nearby, is the Sanxingdui archaeological station. 9 o'clock in the morning, Yang Yongcheng are moving, when I heard someone shout "dig up anymore! "He threw down their hoes and ran to the crowd. "With gold belts, ivory, bronze, jade. "Yang Yongcheng, and dozens of workers surrounded the" treasures "of land, followed by the archaeological staff arrived at the scene, a rescue excavation began.

According to official statistics, pit have clear bronze human head 13, after repair finishing, and bronze faces, kneeling figures, copper-gold, copper Yuan 178 pieces of bronze and jade 129, stone 70 pieces, pottery 39 pieces, sea shells, 124 Gold 5. Among them, Yang Yongcheng as saying "Gold Belt" after finishing is a one metre long, weighing 1 pound golden rod, is the largest found gold! Because of utensils for ritual use, pit, the pit was named first.

In early August, the first pit excavation work completed. When they did not return to God from a big surprise when Yang Yongcheng, a hoe, dig a bigger surprise.

The afternoon of August 14, in the first pit 20 meters away, Yang Yongcheng are using hoes to dig. But the dig, but peace feels a little bit different, not loose and soft, it is like a hard hitting pebbles. Yang Yongcheng away hoe see myself hitting a bronze ear!

Quickly breaks up the soil by hand, a bronze mask in front of Yang Yongcheng. The bronze masks and dug out a month ago, almost identical! Don't dare dig again, Yang Yongcheng landfill back, hurriedly called the archaeological staff. "Some villagers took the relics before, and later seek to hand over to the. Take off less claw feet, so I never want to bury it. ”

Bonus of 100 Yuan

Treasure hunt winning hands hand wife

Yang Yongcheng unexpectedly, I found the second pit, buried more artifacts than the vault first!

As a discoverer, Yang Yongcheng was hired as an Assistant to participate in excavations, but because of the weight is too much, he wants to go down to the pit's request, was "cruel" rejected. "At that time I did eat, 130 pounds, the experts said I was too heavy, crushed into a pit to the relics, called me on the edge of the paotu. ”

Yang Yongcheng watch, a group of women and smaller specialists into the pit, holding chopsticks the piece of bamboo, next to the plane slowly. Yang Yongcheng sitting in the den, to dig up mud shovels elsewhere.

This work much easier than he had in a brick factory. August heat, Yang Yongcheng in the brick factory, digging, earth-moving, can earn 7 cents per cubic metre. Hard digging all day, can only make 2 Yuan. "Sit in the den and watch them dig relics, occasionally digging paotu, paid by the hour. 2 cents an hour more than the brick factory at ease. ”

As time passed, a 5.3 m long, 2.3 m wide pit, gradually clear up. Pieces of Antiquities released den Yang Yongcheng made him look stay: in addition to the bronze mask, ivory, jade, gold, and more.

State people were dug out of a bronze, although two have been destroyed, or is unusually large. Experts take to wood, covered with paper pad, as a removal tool. Yang Yongcheng together with 7 other male adults, to lift a bit. After repair, a 2.62 m high man stood up again. Now, this is the highest and most complete bronze standing figures, known as "King of the bronze statue in the world."

Together with DALI portraits, bronze tree, zongmu masks and a number of rare magic works have been unearthed. Statistics let you jump: second pit # total gold, copper, jade, stone, bone and more than 1400 pieces, sea shells around 4,600.

Yang Yongcheng eyelids, a "source of Yangtze River civilization" increasingly clear: 2.62 m high bronze figure, perhaps the heads of Kings and gods of the ancient Shu Kingdom statues. First sacrificial pit unearthed a mysterious golden sceptre, perhaps King of Shu Yu Fu times staff ... ... Yu Fu clan, maybe once in Sanxingdui capital Foundation.

This incredible find, Shu, China to study bronze age history, providing a rare material to fill important gaps in the history of Chinese bronze art and culture, caps forward bashu culture for more than 1000 years.

Yang Yongcheng though do not understand the meaning, but also happy, because in addition to receive wages, he also received the 100 Yuan in prize money. First discovered by Yang and Liu Guang, received bonus of 70 Yuan per person, yangyongchenghewen Li Yuan the second discovered, get a bonus of 100 yuan per person. "I found the second, more complete than the first, so the more bonus points. ”

Yang Yongcheng recall 1986 price of a cow, some seventy or eighty. The 100 Yuan, has a son and a daughter at home, mother have to support him, really a lot of money.

30 years later, Yang Yongcheng can't remember, "SSO" bonus, wife have yourself, have you done good. But he remembers clearly, great grandson and young granddaughter, used to pull the things they ask excavations of Sanxingdui.

　30 years ago, "be a man" excavation site

According to Yang Yongcheng said, State people were dug out of bronze, while two had been destroyed, or is unusually large. He and another with 7 male adults, to lift a bit. People/objects/speed/writing David Yang Yongcheng found sometimes think that magic, experts dug up, foreigners did not dig, we dig a few farmers hoe ... ... This could be the fate

30 years ago, Guanghan city, Nan XING Zhen Samsung village, 43, a brick factory worker Yang Yongcheng a hoe down, crashed with a loud, arm and thumb shook the raw, hoe nearly off his hands. Yang Yongcheng breaks up soil, got a shock: it's a bronze mask.

It was this incredible's a hoe, he also closely connected with the Sanxingdui.

In addition to the hundred of the year Prize, for 30 years, Yang Yongcheng often invited, free of Sanxingdui. 2015 China cultural heritage day, he also served as special guest, for the race shot through the Sanxingdui ruins.

"Sometimes I wanted to feel the magic, experts dug up, foreigners did not dig, we dig a few farmers hoe. "Yang Yongcheng recalled that hoe was not without emotion," this could be the fate. ”

Huaxi City newspaper reporter Lin Wei Tang Jinlong global photography

Responsible editor: Xiang Changming SN123

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揭四川广汉三星堆:民工一锄挖出世界第九大奇迹|三星堆_新闻资讯

杨永成在三星堆遗址博物馆讲述当年发掘情景。
纵目面具
玉璋（2件）
金杖
青铜神树
青铜大立人

　　广汉三星堆祭祀坑发现30周年揭秘

　　三星堆，被誉为世界“第九大奇迹”。它的发现，轰动了世界。

　　7月18日，广汉三星堆将迎来祭祀坑发现30周年纪念活动。在包括全球考古专家在内的受邀名单中，还有两位鲜为人知的特殊人物，73岁的广汉村民杨永成和文物修复专家郭汉中。他们是两坑发掘的见证者、参与者，也是揭开三星堆神秘面纱的“关键先生”。

　　30年前，广汉市南兴镇三星村，43岁的砖厂工人杨永成一锄头下去，一块铜器被砸中。杨永成刨开泥土，吓了一跳：是个青铜面具。和考古专家一同到场的，还有当地一名16岁的少年郭汉中。少年有个愿望：不要报酬参与发掘。

　　这一年，随着三星堆一、二号大型祭祀坑被发现，数千件稀世之宝相继问世。而青铜神树、纵目面具、青铜大立人、金杖、玉璋（2件），广汉三星堆6大“国宝”级文物，亦全部出自这里。

　　如今，郭汉中已是三星堆著名的文物修复专家。杨永成也已年过7旬，当上了爷爷。“有时候想想就觉得神奇，专家没挖到，外国人没挖到，我们几个农民拿锄头就挖到了。”杨永成回忆当年不无感慨，“这可能就是缘分。”

　　三星堆博物馆副馆长朱亚蓉说，之所以把这些参与考古发掘的砖厂工人和专家学者全都请回来，是要向他们表达敬意，是他们发现并唤醒了沉睡数千年的三星堆。

　　而广汉市文物局副局长杨洋则把这些人称为“带着上天的旨意而来”，不然怎么是他们一锄头挖出了三星堆呢。

　　一锄头惊天

　　居然砸到一只青铜耳朵

　　位于长江上游，以成都平原为中心的古蜀文明，如今被公认与黄河文明一样，是中华文明的母体。

　　然而，直到上世纪初，这一璀璨的文明，因为没有实物印证而被认为只存在于神话之中。

　　改变始于1927年。那年在广汉南兴镇，燕道成和儿子燕青保在家宅旁挖沟时，偶然发现一坑玉石器，而后1934年，时任华西大学博物馆馆长的葛维汉带队，在燕道成发现玉石器的附近，又发掘出出土文物600多件……

　　“但此后50年间，由于抗战和‘文革’等原因，发掘就长期停滞。”曾任四川省文物考古研究所考古队副队长、三星堆遗址发掘项目领队陈德安说。

　　在南兴镇三星村土生土长的杨永成，并不清楚自家附近的文物挖掘史。但老人有关“宝藏”的传说，则是从小就印在了脑海中。“从小就听老人讲，附近埋有宝藏，美国人都来挖过。”

　　1986年7月18日，杨永成正在南兴镇砖厂打工，砖厂不远处，就是三星堆考古工作站。上午9点，杨永成正在挖土，突然听到有人大喊“挖到东西了！”他 丢下锄头，往人群处跑去。“有金腰带、象牙、青铜、玉石。”杨永成和几十名工人围住了“宝藏”出土地，紧接着，考古工作人员到场，一场抢救性发掘开始。

　　据官方统计，坑内先后清理出青铜人头像13件，经过修复整理，还有青铜人面像、跪坐人像、铜戈、铜瑗等青铜器178件，以及玉器129件、石器70件、 陶器39件、海贝124枚、金器5件。其中，杨永成所说的“金腰带”，后经整理，是一根长达一米多、重1斤的金杖，是同时期国内发现的最大金器！由于坑中 器物多为祭祀所用，这个坑也就被命名为一号祭祀坑。

　　8月上旬，一号祭祀坑的挖掘工作基本完成。当众人还没从巨大的惊喜中回过神来时，杨永成的一锄头，又挖出一个更大的惊喜。

　　8月14日下午，在一号坑20米外，杨永成正用锄头挖土。但这一挖，却和平时感觉有点不一样，不是松松软软的，更是像砸到鹅卵石那样的硬物。杨永成拿开锄头一看，自己居然砸到一只青铜耳朵！

　　赶紧用手刨开泥土，一个青铜面具出现在杨永成面前。和一个月前挖出的青铜面具，几乎一模一样！没敢再挖下去，杨永成又把土埋了回去，赶紧喊来考古工作人员。“之前就有村民拿过文物，后来都找上门交出来了。拿了脱不到爪爪，所以当时想都没想就把它埋了。”

　　一百元奖金

　　寻宝得奖 转手上交老婆

　　杨永成万万没想到，自己发现的二号祭祀坑，埋藏的器物比一号坑还要多！

　　作为发现者，杨永成被聘请为助理，参与发掘工作，但由于体重太重，他想要下坑的请求，被“残忍”拒绝。“那时候我吃得做得，有130斤，专家说我太重了，进坑要把文物压坏，喊我在边上刨土。”

　　杨永成眼皮下，一群妇女和体形较小的专家进了坑，拿着筷子一样的竹片片，挨着器物慢慢刨。杨永成则坐在坑边，把挖上来的泥巴，铲到其他地方。

　　这比他在砖厂的工作轻松多了。时值8月酷暑，杨永成在砖厂挖土、运土，每立方能挣7角钱。辛苦挖一整天，也只能挣2块钱。“坐在坑边，看他们挖文物，偶尔刨刨土，工资按小时算。一个小时2角多，比砖厂安逸。”

　　时间一天天过去，一个长5.3米，宽2.3米的土坑，逐渐清晰起来。器物一件件面世，坑边的杨永成越看越呆：除了青铜面具，还有象牙、玉石器、金器等等。

　　一个青铜大立人像被挖出来了，虽然已经被毁成了两截，还是大得出奇。专家拿来木板，铺上纸垫，作为搬运工具。杨永成和另外7个男壮年一起，才能抬动其中 一截。后经修复，一座高2.62米的人像重新站了起来。如今，这是现存最高、最完整的青铜立人像，被誉为“世界铜像之王”。

　　和大立人像一道，青铜神树、纵目面具等一批旷世神品也相继出土。统计数据让大家吓了一跳：二号祭祀坑总共出土金、铜、玉、石、骨器一千四百余件，海贝约四千六百枚。

　　杨永成眼皮下，一个“长江文明之源”愈发清晰：2.62米高的青铜立人像，或许就是古代蜀国的国王兼神巫之长的造像。一号祭祀坑出土的神秘金杖，也许就是蜀王鱼凫时代的权杖……鱼凫氏族，或许曾经在三星堆建都立国。

　　这次石破天惊的发现，对研究中国蜀地青铜时代的历史，提供了罕见的实物资料，填补了中国青铜艺术和文化史上的重要空白，把巴蜀文化上限向前推进了一千多年。

　　杨永成虽然不太懂这些意义，但也感到很高兴，因为除了领到工钱，他还领到了100元的奖金。一号坑发现者杨红和刘光才，每人领到70元奖金，二号坑发现者杨永成和温立元，每人领到100元奖金。“我发现的二号坑，比一号坑更完整，所以奖金要多点。”

　　杨永成回忆，1986年一头肥猪的价格，大约七八十元。这100元，对于家中有一儿一女，还要赡养母亲的他来说，着实不菲。

　　30年过去了，杨永成已经记不得，“上交”奖金后，老婆有没有亲自己，有没有做好吃的。但他还清楚地记得，大孙子和小孙女儿，小时候经常拉着自己问三星堆挖掘的事情。

　　30年前“大立人”发掘现场

　　据杨永成称，青铜大立人被挖出来时，虽然已经被毁成了两截，还是大得出奇。他和另外7个男壮年一起，才能抬动其中一截。人/物/速/写国宝发现者杨永成有时候想想就觉得神奇，专家没挖到，外国人没挖到，我们几个农民拿锄头就挖到了……这可能就是缘分

　　30 年前，广汉市南兴镇三星村，43岁的砖厂工人杨永成一锄头下去，咣的一声，手臂和虎口震得生疼，锄头差点脱了手。杨永成刨开泥土，吓了一跳：是个青铜面具。

　　正是这不可思议的一锄头，也让他与三星堆结下了不解之缘。

　　除了当年的百元奖金，30年来，杨永成经常会被邀请，免费参观三星堆。2015年中国文化遗产日，他还作为特邀嘉宾，为穿越三星堆遗址的长跑比赛鸣枪发令。

　　“有时候想想就觉得神奇，专家没挖到，外国人没挖到，我们几个农民拿锄头就挖到了。”杨永成回忆起那一锄头不无感慨，“这可能就是缘分。”

　　林维华西都市报记者唐金龙李庆摄影报道

责任编辑：向昌明 SN123

文章关键词：
三星堆

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