First aid for drowning suffocation _ news

While drowning in the water struggling for breath, water enters the trachea, behind the tongue caused by cartilage flap called Epiglottis, and plug the air into the lungs. For drowning, you should give a timely rescue, because the essence of drowning is suffocation, brain of oxygen long time, mortality is higher. According to statistics, stopped breathing 3 minute recovery of drowning in 75%, 4 minute recovery was 50%, compared with 25% in 5 minutes to recover.

Drowning man without heart failure typically have the potential to save. When there are heart failure and hypotension, life is highly unlikely. First aid for drowning, is a comprehensive package of measures, including handling, check the drowning cases, clean out nasal foreign body, drain ascites, such as artificial respiration, external cardiac massage, and transferred to a hospital.

Drowning tended the hemorrhage and stroke, masticatory muscle spasms, Lockjaw, mouth open, made of mud, debris and blocked the mouth such as vomit, not drain ascites and give artificial respiration. Free thumbs forward stands the drowning of mandibular joint, push forward and pull down the index and middle fingers of mandible, MetroCard, tweezer or chopsticks to the mouth or throat of debris and silt out of.

Like drowning men drink too much, you will need to drain ascites (drowning abdominal swelling). From the ascites method are:

① poured water on the knee: the ambulance one knelt, the other knee, drowned on the belly in the knees and legs, grabbing at his hair, the drowned man's head lifted, push back, abdomen, water discharge.

② abdominal water law: ambulance intersects with both hands, hold the drowned man with waist and abdomen, to mention the drowning man upside down and nod rhythmically, dump the ascites.

③ civil water: drowning-bedroom v pan, placed top of the abdomen, head and jaw against the Pan, in the drowning man for a certain amount of pressure on the back, to pour out ascites.

If drowning breathing is very weak or in suffocating State, should be immediately done, at this point, don't waste your time in solving clothing, touch Mai, pupil inspection, even exclude ascites and other work.

Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is the best method of artificial respiration. Approach: the drowning man lay on his back, head and neck pad of towels or clothes, make the head elevation, leaning back slightly, this allows the trachea are straight. Hold the drowned man's jaw, on the other hand, pinch his nose so as not to discourage the mouth blowing directly into the mouth of drowning, blows once completed, draws fresh air ambulance turned his head. Drowning the chest expanded, stop blowing and releasing the nostrils, drowning rib cage with his hands to help him breath, and repeat every 5 seconds blow air. Don't stop before the drowning man did not start breathing on his own artificial respiration (many drowning victims need artificial respiration for several hours after waking). As long as there is a heartbeat should continue CPR until the spontaneous breathing resumes.

If drowning when there was no heartbeat or very weak heartbeat, chest pressure heart method required. Specific practices is: makes drowning who supine, ambulance Member kneeling in drowning who side, will a only Palm placed drowning who of sternum bottom, another a only Palm cover in Shang, two only Palm overlap in with, two arm straight, with body of gravity, sound powerful to down vertical pressure, makes drowning who sternum settlement 3~4 cm, compression heart, then lift up wrist, makes thorax expansion, heart diastolic. Rhythmically, approximately 60 times per minute, until the heart again or have died so far.

From drowning after he resumed breathing, the body should be placed into the recovery position, cover with clothing. If there is damage, care, and immediately taken to hospital for further treatment. Intravenous infusion should be conducted after admission.

Expert tips: how to do artificial respiration  asphyxia lay, inclined his head in the past, pull open the jaw.

Hand pinched nostrils of suffocation. Open your mouth wide, deep breathing, and choking mouths close, blow air into the lungs. See if the chest is lumpy.

When there are no effects, continue to pull backwards, do it again.

Repeat 10 times a minute in adults and 20 children. But 6 times faster.

Perform artificial respiration if unable to open his mouth, try blowing air from the nose.

Responsible editor: Sun Ailin SN146

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怎样对溺水窒息者进行急救_新闻资讯

　　溺水者在水中挣扎喘气时，水就进入气管，引致舌头后面称为会厌的软骨瓣痉挛，堵塞空气进入肺部。对于溺水者应给予及时抢救，因为溺水的本质是窒息，大脑缺氧时间越长，死亡率越高。据统计，呼吸停止3分钟可恢复的溺水者占75%，4分钟可恢复的占50%，而5分钟可恢复的只有25%。

　　溺水者只要没有发生心力衰竭，一般就有救活的可能。一旦发生心力衰竭和血压下降，救活的可能性极小。对溺水者的急救，是一套综合的措施，包括搬运、检查溺水者情况、清除口鼻中异物、排出腹水、人工呼吸、心脏按摩和转送医院抢救等。

　　溺水者往往因脑充血而有中风现象，致使咀嚼肌痉挛，牙关紧闭，口难张开，使口中的淤泥、杂物和呕吐物等堵塞住口腔，不便排出腹水和进行人工呼吸。这时可用大拇指由后向前顶住溺水者的下颌关节，用力前推，同时食指和中指向下扳下颌骨，将口掰开，用镊子或筷子将口腔或喉部的杂物、淤泥等夹出。

　　如溺水者喝水过多，则需要排出腹水（此时溺水者腹部胀大）。排出腹水的方法有：

　　①膝上倒水法：救护员一腿下跪，另一腿屈膝，将溺水者腹部放在屈膝的腿上，一手抓住其头发，使溺水者的头上抬一点，一手用力下压背、腹部，使水排出。

　　②提腹倒水法：救护员两手相交，托住溺水者腰腹部，将溺水者头朝下提起，并有节奏地用力上下抖动，倒出腹水。

　　③民间倒水法：溺水者卧伏锅上，腹部置于锅顶，头朝下，下颌抵在锅上，在溺水者背上给予一定的压力，以倒出腹水。

　　如果溺水者呼吸十分微弱或处于窒息状态，应立即做人工呼吸，此时，不要把时间浪费在解衣、摸脉、检查瞳孔，甚至排除腹水等工作上。

　　口对口人工呼吸法是效果最佳的人工呼吸法。具体做法是：使溺水者仰卧，头颈下垫上毛巾或衣物，使头部抬高，稍向后仰，这样可使气管伸直。一手托住溺水者的下颌，另一手捏紧他的鼻孔，以免泄气，用嘴直接对着溺水者的嘴吹气，吹气一次完毕，救护员将头侧转吸入新鲜空气。待溺水者胸廓扩张后，停止吹气并松开鼻孔，用手压一下溺水者的胸廓，帮助他呼气，如此反复进行，每5秒钟左右吹一次气。溺水者没有开始自己呼吸前不要中止人工呼吸（许多溺水者需几个小时的人工呼吸后才得以苏醒）。只要有心跳就应继续进行人工呼吸，直到自发性呼吸恢复为止。

　　如果溺水者无心跳或心跳极微弱时，需进行胸外压放心脏法。具体做法是：使溺水者仰卧，救护员跪在溺水者身旁，将一只手掌置于溺水者的胸骨下端，另一只手掌覆盖在上，两只手掌重叠在一起，两臂伸直，借助身体的重力，稳健有力地向下垂直加压，使溺水者胸骨下陷3~4厘米，压缩心脏，然后抬起手腕，使胸廓扩张，心脏舒张。有节奏地进行，每分钟约60次，直至心脏再跳或确已死亡为止。

　　溺水者恢复呼吸后，应将其身体安置成复原卧式，用衣物盖住。如有损伤，予以护理，并立即送往医院作进一步处理。入院后应进行静脉输液。

　　专家提示：如何做人工呼吸让窒息者躺着，把头斜过去，扳开下颌。

　　用手捏住窒息者的鼻孔。张大嘴、深呼吸，与窒息者嘴紧贴，吹气到肺部。看看胸脯是不是有起伏。

　　没有效果时，继续向后扳头，再做一次。

　　不断重复，成人一分钟10次，儿童20次。但前6次应快一些。

　　做人工呼吸时若无法张开嘴，应试着从鼻子吹气。

责任编辑：孙爱林 SN146

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