The Ministry of civil affairs: 2020 per thousand elderly aged 40 beds
The Ministry of Civil Affairs Web site on July 6 announced the development of home of the 13th five-year plan (hereinafter plan), promote health and pension services combining to achieve orderly sharing of health and social service resources. Experts believe that the future layout of an integrated health and social services resources, make up the current pension industry "combined with" short Board, truly "old" and "old doctor".
Plan proposes 5 major tasks, including guaranteeing the basic livelihood of the people, the development of old-age services, improving social governance ability and level of services, strengthening national defense and army modernization construction of targeted social services.
In the field of services, the plan proposed, active in response to population ageing, accelerate the development of old-age service, fully completed home based, community based on, institutions complementary, medicine combining of multi-level old-age service system.
Specifically, the plan calls for promoting family and community services, strengthen the construction of community service facilities. New urban area and the new residence (small), constructed according to the requirements of community day care institutions, and synchronize with the residential planning and construction, synchronization acceptance, delivery. Vigorously supporting rural old-age service facilities. Deepening the reform of pension service supply side, actively supports the social forces held pension institutions. Subsidies to investment, loans, purchase of services, such as loans, operating subsidies support social forces organized social service institutions.
Reporters from the China health data from family planning Commission showed that as of 2015, people over the age of 60 in China reached 222 million, by 2020, the population over 60 years old will be 248 million, accounted for the proportion of the total population at 17.2%. Meanwhile, disability population continues to increase, the current disability (half-deactivation) at 40.23 million the total number of older persons.
But at the same time, domestic pension and medical services currently fragmented, old-age care institutions "pension does not care" medical "treatment not pension" leads is often difficult to get an adequate living for the elderly care and appropriate medical care.
"As you get older, the body functions decline, increased disease incidence in the elderly, outpatient and inpatient demand high cost medical costs more. "Experts told the economic information daily, a reporter said," frequently older people receive medical treatment, the health service needs of significantly above the population average, 79% or older have at least one chronic disease, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, chronic respiratory disease and other difficult to cure, need continued treatment and rehabilitation after discharge diseases. A person over the age of 65 accounted for expenditures of the lifetime medical costs of about 70%. ”
On integrated development of the plan proposed, overall health and social services resource distribution, supporting medical service of the pension agencies. Focus on the development of combined medical institutions, increase conservation, medical pension hostels, improve the effective supply of services. By 2020 every thousand elderly pension bed number reached 35-40, including nursing bed no less than 30%.
It is understood that the international and "combinations" is similar to "long-term care" concept. WHO defined as "non-professional caregivers (family, friends, or neighbors) and professionals (health care and social services personnel) nursing care system to ensure that people who cannot take care of themselves can continue to receive a high quality of life, receive the greatest possible independence, autonomy, participation, personal satisfaction and dignity. ”
Last November, nine ministries have jointly issued a combined to push forward with healthcare and pension services, Shanghai, Qingdao and many have relevant policies soon, by top design to promote "combined with" development. In this plan, the hospital also was further refined by such eligible in accordance with the regulations and basic medical insurance, basic medical insurance appointed agency signed a service agreement, elderly people staying in-place treatment of insurance claims. Encourage pension institutions and peripheral medical institutions to carry out various forms of cooperation agreements. Strengthening the Geriatric Hospital, rehabilitation hospitals, nursing homes, hospice care institution-building. Encouraging medical institutions to extend care to families and old-age care institutions, rural and urban communities.
Also, choose to have medical conditions, representative of the area combined with the pilot, planning and construction of a number of distinct, strong model combined with pilot projects. Implementation of telemedicine service information for the benefit and pension institutions cooperation pilot projects, and promote the wise conservation development.
In fact, local practice, the hospital has achieved good results. In the first pilot, the most integrated city, Qingdao City, Shandong province, for example, local health planning department head told the economic information daily, journalist, Qingdao through purchase of services of the household over the age of 60, in the form of "three noes", the low-income elderly aged care. Meanwhile, encourages tertiary public hospital restructuring for older hospitals, nursing homes or to open an elderly care unit, providing combined medical service, forming clear, clear division of medical service system, 18 hospitals to achieve transformation. In addition, the first set up nursing insurance system in Qingdao City, urban workers ' basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents and Medicare insured into a pay range, full coverage for long-term care insurance, about 8.03 million people, all come from the health insurance fund of funds.
(Editors: Biao Guo UN832)
2016-07-07 01:52:40
Integrated
民政部：2020年每千名老人拥有养老床位40张
民政部网站7月6日公布了《民政事业发展第十三个五年规划》（以下简称《规划》），提出促进医疗卫生和养老服务相结合，实现医疗卫生和养老服务资源有序共享。专家认为，未来通过统筹医疗卫生与养老服务资源布局，可补齐目前养老产业中“医养结合”的短板，真正实现“老有所养”“老有所医”。
《规划》提出了5个方面的主要任务，包括保障基本民生、发展养老服务、提高社会治理能力和水平、服务国防和军队现代化建设、强化专项社会服务等。
在养老服务领域，《规划》提出，积极开展应对人口老龄化行动，加快发展养老服务业，全面建成以居家为基础、社区为依托、机构为补充、医养相结合的多层次养老服务体系。
具体而言，《规划》要求推进居家和社区养老服务，加强社区养老服务设施建设。新建城区和新建居住（小）区，按要求配套建设社区日间照料机构，并与住宅同步规划、同步建设、同步验收、同步交付使用。大力支持农村互助型养老服务设施建设。深化养老服务供给侧改革，积极支持社会力量举办养老机构。通过补助投资、贷款贴息、运营补贴、购买服务等方式，支持社会力量举办养老服务机构。
记者从中国卫生计划生育委员会得到的数据显示，截至2015年，我国60岁以上老年人口达到2.22亿，预计到2020年，60岁以上老年人口数量将达到2.48亿，占总人口的比重为17.2%。同时，失能老人数量持续增加，目前失能（半失能）老年人总数已达4023万。
但与此同时，目前国内养老服务和医疗服务割裂，养老机构“养老不医护”，医疗机构“治病不养老”的状况导致老人常常难以同时获得足够的生活照料和相应的医疗护理服务。
“随着年龄增长、机体机能下降，老年人疾病罹患率增加，门诊和住院需求高，花费的医疗费用更多。”接受《经济参考报》记者采访的专家表示，“老年人就医的频次较高，其在健康服务方面的需求明显高于人群平均水平，79%以上的老年人至少有一种慢性病，如糖尿病、高血压、脑卒中、慢性呼吸道疾病等很难彻底治愈，出院后还需持续治疗和康复护理的疾病。一个人在65岁以上的开支费用占其一生医疗费用开支的70%左右。”
对医养结合发展，《规划》提出，统筹医疗卫生与养老服务资源布局，支持养老机构开展医疗服务。重点发展医养结合型养老机构，增加养护型、医护型养老床位，提高养老服务有效供给。到2020年每千名老年人口拥有养老床位数达到35-40张，其中护理型床位比例不低于30%。
据了解，国际上与“医养结合”相似的是“长期照护”的概念。WHO对其定义是“由非专业护理者（家庭、朋友或邻居）和专业人员（医疗卫生和社会服务人员）进行的护理活动体系，以保证生活不能完全自理的人能继续得到较高的生活质量，获得最大可能的独立、自主、参与、个人满足及人格尊严。”
去年11月，九部委联合曾联合发文推进医疗卫生与养老服务相结合，上海市、青岛市等多地也曾出台相关政策，通过顶层设计全面推进“医养结合”发展。本次《规划》中，对医养结合也作出了进一步细化，如提出符合条件的可按规定与基本医疗保险经办机构签订基本医疗保险定点服务协议，入住的老年人可就地享受医保报销待遇。鼓励养老机构与周边医疗卫生机构开展多种形式的协议合作。加强老年病医院、康复医院、护理院、临终关怀机构建设。鼓励医疗机构将护理服务延伸至家庭、城乡社区和养老机构。
同时，选择有条件、有代表性的地区进行医养结合试点，规划建设一批特色鲜明、示范性强的医养结合试点项目。实施养老服务信息惠民和养老机构远程医疗合作等试点专项，推进智慧医养护一体化发展。
事实上，从地方实践来看，医养结合已取得良好成效。以国内最先试点、融合程度最深的城市山东省青岛市为例，当地卫生计生部门负责人告诉《经济参考报》记者，青岛市通过政府购买服务的形式对本市户籍60岁以上 “三无”、低保老年人提供居家养老服务。同时，鼓励二、三级公立医院转型为老年医院、护理院或开设老年专护病房,提供医养结合型医护服务，形成层次清晰、分工明确医养结合服务新体系，18家医院实现转型发展。此外，青岛市首批建立起护理保险制度，城镇职工基本医保和城乡居民医保参保人全部纳入支付范围，实现长期护理保险全覆盖，约803万人参保，资金全部来源于医保基金。
(责任编辑：郭彪 UN832)
2016-07-07 01:52:40
综合