Micro letter to ban distribution platforms: 3,000 micro-Mall was shut down-micro, micro-business, distribution-IT information

On July 10, a tiny letters will be a cookie-cutter turn off message distribution platform maxed micro-business sector, the message said the distribution includes an on or off-level, two-tier, three-tier distribution, up to now the app closed 3,000 micro-payment function of the Mall, 10 three-level sharing platform.

Billion State power network logon in the finger tip micro-Mall, found the cloud at your fingertips paying feature has been turned off, next payment cannot be selected when the user pay channels. Join Mall Home burst 404 error, unable to login.

Another slightly more candidates to the letter disclosed to billion State power network, "basic regulation of distribution is true, micro-this really want to kill."

High rebates are direct cause

Analysis on micro-Mall owner of a well-known brand, leading to the direct cause of micro-scale is induced by excessive high rebate cash back.

In fact, on July 5, slightly public platform announcement dealt with the rebate cash back with fraud, saying such acts to a certain extent reflects the pyramid fraud, Ponzi schemes and other behaviors, is in essence a high cash back rebates to attract users, new users cash back rebate funds to cover the original user, formation of laminated money chain.

Incidentally, on July 7, micro au post in public, SDP (microne socialized distribution platform) announcement, said it would on July 10 at 0 o'clock of system updates, limit micro-promotion Commission rate up to 50%, put an end to hefty rebates. About microne Wang Pu and SDP are carried out large cash back rebate frauds, such as businesses, microne will actively assist the app and the public security organs according to law.

One differential analysis of the rig's leaders, high rebate cash back at best called a Ponzi is actually similar to pyramid schemes, has violated the Central Bank's financial supervision of the red line. But in the micro-micro-Union, platforms for such acts of supervision is very difficult, even limited 50% of the highest Commission amount, nor fundamentally eliminate formation of laminated money chain.

"Mainly those frauds, volumes of money and run impact of micro-letter nature of P2P banking products, selling worthless product of fraud has resulted in complaints from users and rights. "These people say.

At present, the micro-supervision of such measures is to stop its micro-payment functions.

But there are financial professionals analyze the events appeared to be independent events, but the Central Bank's strict clean up Internet financial, refuses to pay licence renewed attitude of the decentralization, micro-one size fits all approach is to protect themselves. And with the tightening of bank supervision on payment, or affected to a greater extent.

Central Bank supervision of third party payment

In fact, originally due on May 2, the first batch of 27 decentralization of Bank of third party payment has not got a licence renewal of a licence, on the Central Bank's Web site, which licence the operating date is as of May 4, 2016, to date, these licences are "operating without a licence."

During this period, there were two important regulatory files for third-party payment, one April paid the non-banking institutions of the people's Bank of China issued a regulation on classification (hereinafter referred to as the method), one in May the State Council issued a special regulation for the financial risks of the Internet work programme (hereinafter the programme).

The general idea of the approach is regulation, classification against third party, according to the evaluation scores and related special payment institutions, payment institutions are divided into 5 categories 11.

Is the rectification of the principles of the programme. The programme for third-party payments the following three management direction:

(1) non-bank payment institutions shall not misappropriate, use customer payment, customer reserve account shall be opened in the people's bank or to meet the requirements of commercial banks. The people's bank or commercial banks to non-bank institutions reserve account account interest paid to prevent paying agencies to "eat spreads" as the main revenue model, streamlining payment business development incentives, guided return of non-bank institutions provide small, fast, micro-payment services for the convenience of the purpose.

(2) non-bank payment institutions shall not connect more than the banking system, interbank clearing operations in a disguised form. Non-bank institutions to carry out interbank payment service through people's Bank interbank clearing system or clearing houses have a legitimate qualification.

(3) payment institutions should be carried out in accordance with the corresponding business qualification, shall not pay unlicensed businesses, capital settlement, individual POS Merchant payment, issue multi-purpose prepaid card and online payment services.

These three articles, clearly defined third party payment Agency Bank reserve without paying interest. Qualified third party payment institutions "no connections over Bank system" in disguised form "of interbank clearing operations", pointed to the construction of the third-party payment from closed loop payment settlement system.

It is understood that in April this year, China Association of payment and clearing the proposed non-bank institution network payment platform, the platform is the industry's "link", and China UnionPay functions similar to several third party payment companies such as PayPal are involved in joint discussions. Currently Central Bank within the program. "Network connection" mainly aimed at paying the Agency paid Internet licences, later third party payment companies through "link" to liquidate.

One banker said the harsh supervision of third party payment mainly because of third-party payment system is a completely closed system, the Central Bank has been unable to monitor the system's security.

To micro-letter paid for cases, micro-letter paid through and Bank straight even, in all Bank opened has micro-letter paid of account, user through micro-letter paid produced of all trading micro-letter paid automatically in acts as a liquidation function, Bank fundamental cannot know funds is in which two a specific of bank account Zhijian trading, only see micro-letter paid and the bank account Zhijian of trading records.

"Internet financial institutions say they have anti-money laundering fight against fraud, the question is how can central banks rely on the institutions of the financial security of a society on the self-examination. "This person said.

In fact, in June this year, Central Bank Governor Zhou xiaochuan, in Washington the International Monetary Fund (IMF) organized by the policy research activities of the Central Bank, said Internet companies in the payments, banking services and to raise infiltration, and the creation of new financial instruments. Emotional support high-tech development, people do not want these Internet companies are too restrictive, but they did engage in shadow banking activities. Central Bank will study these issues and create a fair environment for competition.

The public comments were also interpreted as various business models of Internet financial and traditional financial regulatory policy of neutrality.

The funny thing is, these diagnostic troubleshooting of rectification in the programme is completed by the end of July 2016, rectification is completed by the end of November 2016, supervision and evaluation is completed by the end of November 2016, acceptance and regional reports completed by the end of January 2017, overall reporting completed by the end of March 2017 under the State Council.

Next, who will suffer?

In fact, micro-au system update also suggested the pay adjustment and reorganization.

Micro-League said in a statement, adding support for merchant's own payment channel, while encouraging businesses to use their own micro-payment channels distribution settlement to settlement by the businesses themselves, microne provides transaction settlement data clearing settlement by the businesses themselves.

For SDP microne collection businesses, micro-League will be held on July 10, 2016 0 o'clock no longer provides online automated clearing function, orders go directly to dealer account of income, before (not account) Distributor and micro-account funds still available for withdrawal application.

"Micro-League as a platform, did not pay licence strictly does not provide any payment channels acquiring, clearing, liquidation, from the latest announcements, you can see the micro-Union is fast," a third-party practitioners say.

According to many micro-brands disclosed forth blessing and micro-Union actually pay disguised as a gateway to the. Merchant account opening the platform, users purchase money first to platform accounts platform implementation of liquidation and then get a merchant account, funds in certain precipitation of platform formation cycle.

"A lot of business through the platform and docking of pay, these platforms form a de facto two bodies. "One banker said. Bank strike two Qing dynasty turmoil, added the Central Bank was trying to incorporate a closed system of the third party payment, and new rules on July 1 the purposes of classification of account balance limit, is also holding a licences to pay agencies for settling funds in tighter restrictions, this regulatory trend, payment channels business of derivatives platforms without a license cannot be granted.

Reported, according to official disclosure app, now has more than 5,000 payment providers assigned to app, but only 267 pay licence of the people's Bank of China issued the existing institutions.

A micro-business platform operator analysis, micro-League, praised this tool providers, as long as no longer lusted after gains from the payment channels, adjust, not withheld funds, would not be much affected. If a knife cut distributors, the main reason is because large rebates, fraud and difficult to monitor. Micro letter to captive insurance licenses, just chose the wrong killed 3,000.

微信将封杀分销平台：传3000家微商城被关停 - 微信,微商,分销 - IT资讯

7月10日消息，一则微信将一刀切关闭分销平台的消息刷爆微商界，该消息称此次或关闭的分销包括一级、二级、三级分销，截止目前微信已关闭3000家微商城的支付功能，10大三级分享平台。

亿邦动力网登录云在指尖微商城，发现云在指尖的支付功能确实已被关闭，用户下单支付时无法选择支付通道。携优品商城首页爆出404错误，无法登陆。

另有接近微信的多名人士向亿邦动力网透露，“整治分销的说法基本属实，微信此次确实要动大杀器”。

高返利是直接诱因

一位知名品牌微商城负责人分析，关于导致微信大动干戈的直接诱因是过度诱导性的高额返利返现。

事实上，7月5日，微信公众平台就发布公告严肃处理返利返现欺诈，称此种行为一定程度上体现了金字塔欺诈、庞氏骗局等行为特征，本质上是以高额返现返利吸引用户参与、以新人用户资金来支付原有用户的返现返利，形成压层式资金链条。

无独有偶的是7月7日，微盟也在公众号发布了SDP（微盟社会化分销平台）升级公告，称将于7月10日零点进行系统更新，限制微客推广佣金比例最大为50%，杜绝高额返利的产生。对于借助微盟旺铺及SDP系统进行高额返现返利等欺诈行为的商户，微盟将积极协助微信及公安机关依法处理。

一位微商平台负责人分析，高额返利返现好听点叫庞氏骗局，其实跟传销一样，已经触犯了央行金融监管的红线。但无论微信还是微盟，平台对这种行为的监管难度很大，即便限定了50%的最高佣金额度，也无法从根本上杜绝形成压层式资金链条。

“主要还是那些欺诈行为，卷钱跑路造成的影响，微信上P2P性质的理财产品、销售无价值产品的欺诈行为造成了用户的投诉和维权。”上述人士称。

目前，微信对此类监管的主要措施是停止其微信支付功能。

但也有金融从业者分析，该事件看似是个独立事件，但在央行严格整顿互联网金融，迟迟不肯下放支付牌照展期的态度下，微信一刀切的做法也是自保。而且随着央行对支付监管的收紧，或将波及到更大范围。

央行对第三方支付的监管态度

事实上，原本5月2日到期的首批27家第三方支付牌照一直未拿到央行下放的展期牌照，在央行的网站上，这些支付牌照的经营日期都是截止到2016年5月4日，迄今为止，这些支付牌照等于都在“无证经营”。

在此期间，共有两份针对第三方支付的重要监管文件，一份是4月中国人民银行下发的《非银行支付机构分类评级管理办法》（下称《办法》），一份是5月国务院发文的《互联网金融风险专项整治工作实施方案》（下称《方案》）。

《办法》是监管的总体思路，将对第三方机构实施分类评级，根据支付机构的评价计分及相关特殊情形，将支付机构分为5类11级。

《方案》则是整改的原则。《方案》对第三方支付提出如下三个整治方向：

（1）非银行支付机构不得挪用、占用客户备付金，客户备付金账户应开立在人民银行或符合要求的商业银行。人民银行或商业银行不向非银行支付机构备付金账户计付利息，防止支付机构以“吃利差”为主要盈利模式，理顺支付机构业务发展激励机制，引导非银行支付机构回归提供小额、快捷、便民小微支付服务的宗旨。

（2）非银行支付机构不得连接多家银行系统，变相开展跨行清算业务。非银行支付机构开展跨行支付业务应通过人民银行跨行清算系统或者具有合法资质的清算机构进行。

（3）开展支付业务的机构应依法取得相应业务资质，不得无证经营支付业务，开展商户资金结算、个人POS机收付款、发行多用途预付卡、网络支付等业务。

以上三条规定，明确界定第三方支付机构存在银行的备付金不计付利息。限定第三方支付机构“不得连接多家银行系统”“变相开展跨行清算业务”，直指第三方支付构建的自闭环支付清算体系。

据了解，今年4月，中国支付清算协会就拟成立非银行支付机构网络支付清算平台，该平台被业界成为“网联”，与银联功能相似，支付宝等多家第三方支付公司都参与了网联的商讨。目前正在央行走内部程序。“网联”主要针对持有互联网支付牌照的支付机构，以后第三方支付公司都要通过“网联”进行清算。

一位银行业人士透露，对第三方支付的监管如此严苛的主要原因是第三方支付体系是一个完全封闭的自体系，央行一直以来无法监管该体系内的资金安全。

以微信支付为例，微信支付通过与银行直连，在各个银行开设了微信支付的账户，用户通过微信支付产生的所有交易微信支付自动在充当清算功能，银行根本无法知道资金是在哪两个具体的银行账户之间交易，只能看到微信支付和各银行账户之间的交易记录。

“互联网金融机构都说自己有反洗钱反欺诈，问题是央行怎么能把一个社会的金融安全依赖在机构的自查上。”该人士称。

事实上，今年6月，央行行长周小川在华盛顿出席国际货币基金组织（IMF）举办的中央银行政策研讨活动时表示，互联网公司在支付、银行业服务和众筹等领域不断渗透，并创造了新的金融工具。从感情上支持高科技发展，人们也不希望这些互联网公司受到太多限制，但这些公司确实在从事一些影子银行活动。央行将研究这些问题，并创造公平的竞争环境。

这一公开表态也被多方解读为要对互联网金融各个业务模式要采取和传统金融监管一视同仁的政策。

有意思的是，上述《方案》中整改的摸底排查是到2016年7月底前完成，清理整顿是2016年11月底前完成，督查和评估是2016年11月底前完成，验收和区域报告2017年1月底前完成，总体报告上报国务院2017年3月底前完成。

接下来，谁将受到重大影响？

事实上，微盟的系统更新也暗示此次调整与支付整顿相关。

微盟公告中称，增加对商户自有支付通道的支持，同时鼓励商家使用自有微信支付通道；分销结算改由商家自行结算，微盟提供交易结算数据，结算由商户自行结算。

对于正在使用微盟代收的SDP商户，微盟将于2016年7月10日零点起不再提供线上自动结算功能，订单收入直接进入供货商账户，对于之前已产生(含未到账)的分销商及微客账号资金，仍可进行提现申请。

“微盟作为一个平台，没有支付牌照，严格意义上不能提供任何支付通道的收单、结算、清算工作，从该最新公告，可以看到微盟正在快速抽身”，一位第三方支付从业者称。

据多位开展微商的品牌商负责人透露，有赞和微盟事实上都变相在充当支付通道的角色。商户在该平台开设账户，用户购买后的资金先打到平台账户，平台实施清算后再打到商户账上，资金在平台体系形成一定的沉淀周期。

“很多商户通过平台对接微信支付，这些平台形成了事实上的二清机构。”一位银行从业者分析称。央行正在严打二清乱象，加上央行本来在对第三方支付的封闭系统想方设法纳入监管，7月1日刚刚施行分类账户余额限制新规，也是对持有牌照支付机构的沉淀资金在严加限制，在这样的监管大趋势下，无证从事支付通道业务的微商平台就不能心存侥幸。

有报道称，据微信官方披露，目前已有超过5000家支付服务商入驻微信，但中国人民银行发放现存的支付牌照机构只有267家。

一位微商平台运营者分析，微盟、有赞这种工具提供商，只要不再贪恋来自支付通道的收益，及时调整，不截留资金，不会受到太大的影响。如果一刀切分销商，主要原因还是因为高额返利、欺诈现象难以监管。微信要自保牌照，只能选择宁可错杀三千。