China's primary and middle school class of sixty or seventy people, compulsory education in China-looked-IT information
Recently, the State Council issued on the coordinate within the County some opinions on the development of the integration of urban and rural compulsory education reform (hereinafter referred to as the views). Views proposed, established to live card for main according to of accompanying children entrance policy, effective simplified optimization accompanying children entrance process and proved requirements, provides convenience service; strengthened family guardianship subject responsibility, encourages parents made live card of age children with parents in work to near entrance; to 2018 basic elimination 66 people above super class amount, to 2020 basic elimination 56 people above class amount; urban and rural teachers configuration basic balanced, village teachers treatment steadily improve, and post attraction sharply enhanced, Quality significantly improved rural education, nine-year compulsory education retention rate is 95%.
Hot concern
Accompanying the children, school fees shall not discriminate
All localities should further strengthen local government responsibilities, accompanying children into urban development planning and Finance of compulsory education coverage, adhere to the proactive, pragmatic, steady progress, adapt to the reform of household registration system, establishing a residence permit as the main basis of accompanying their children to school policies and simplified certification requirements and optimize the process of accompanying their children to school, provide convenient services guarantee accompanying children equal access to compulsory education.
Using the national primary school information management system data to promote the "two exempt and one subsidy" funds and public funding base with quota funds student mobility to be carried. To adhere to the public schools to host arrangements accompanying the children, for the shortage of school places can be arranged by way of purchase of services in private schools in Pratt
Read. Unified management of mixed classes and, for accompanying children into the school and community. Public and private schools are not allowed to charge the accompanying children is different from the local household registration students any fee. Mega-cities and the accompanying children will particularly focus on where the specific measures according to actual development of accompanying their children to school.
Primary responsibility for family care, encourage parents to obtain residence permits children of school age with parents enrolled in work, migrant parents to perform their duty of guardianship and legal custody. Shall be investigated for criminal responsibility of the parents or guardians do not fulfil his duty of guardianship, prosecuted against violations of the legitimate rights and interests of left-behind children. Role play to township Governments and village committees, urged migrant parents to fulfil the responsibility of guardianship.
Eliminate large amounts: 2020, elimination of more than 56 large amounts
Provincial governments according to local conditions to eliminate large amount of planning, clear tasks and timetables, route maps, by 2018 the Elimination of more than 66 super large amount, by the year 2020 the Elimination of more than 56 large amounts.
Around the whole "Thirteen-Five" during compulsory school-building projects, in accordance with State regulations for standard, new construction and extension of school premises, large amounts of key town, to speed up the Elimination of the existing large amounts. To be implemented through the integration of urban and rural compulsory education, school district of group education Union, the balanced allocation of teachers or schools or in other ways, increase support for weak schools and rural schools, and promote balanced development, restrict the size of the class standard school enrollment, rational triage students. Educational administrative departments at the county level to establish the Elimination of large amount account, class size, school PIN management and avoid new class problems. Provincial people's Government to the end of 2016 will eliminate the large amount of special planning report to the national educational system reform leading group of the record.
Teaching staff allocation in urban and rural areas is strictly prohibited to hire for a long time supernumerary teacher
Around based on the compulsory education school faculty preparing standards, scale and educational needs of the students, according to strict control requirements in relevant institutions, compulsory education school faculty approved by the reasonable system. Establishing mechanism of urban and rural compulsory education school faculty to prepare and manpower allocation and trans-regional mechanism, the implementation of staff development of rural-urban, regional planning and management, inventory of preparation of stock and improve efficiency.
The State Council human resources and social security sector and the education sector to study integrated compulsory education school in the County post structure, perfecting title appraisal and appointment policies, gradual stages within the county school coordinated appropriately directed to the village and post structure, effective cohesion achieved titles and post appointment system, attract the best teachers to rural flows. Educational administrative departments at the county level in the nuclear
Total total staff prepare and post, such as class size, student, full account of rural small-school the practical needs of schools, boarding schools and towns, with redistribution of schools staff prepare and number of jobs and establishments of departments at the same level, human resources and Social Security Department and financial department. Promoting teachers ' "County School hired" reform, in accordance with professional features and requirements of teachers, improving teacher recruitment mechanism, and manpower deployment in-teacher resources, focus on resolving structural truncated and towns in rural teachers teacher shortage problem. Prohibited in the case of a source of qualified teachers "series does not fill", permanent supernumerary teacher, misappropriated school staff development and various forms of compulsory education is strictly prohibited "empty rates." Actively encourage and guide the country volunteer teaching activities.
Higher the level of rural teachers hardship grants
Rural teachers should be implemented throughout the income distribution policy, implement and improve concentration and even impoverished areas and rural teachers in remote and difficult areas living subsidy policy, adapted to local conditions and steadily expanded the scope according to the grass-roots, more hardship allowances the higher the level of principles, the income level of rural teachers ' real wages not lower than the same rank County teachers ' salary income.
A sound long-term mechanism, the approved total amount of performance pay in schools of compulsory education and Manpower take into account actual income level of local civil servants to ensure that teachers of compulsory education in the County's average wage income level is not lower than the local average wage income of civil servants. Establishment of village teachers honor system, so that the majority of rural teachers have more access. Perfecting the guarantee mechanism of the rural teachers ' professional development, reasonable proportion set up village schools intermediate and senior teacher posts. Implementation of primary and middle school teachers ' professional titles combined with policies to ensure rural school teachers that is, evaluation that is employed. Eligible rural school teachers in remote and difficult areas included local government housing security system, accelerate the construction of rural teachers in remote and difficult areas the working capital hostel.
Ten reforms
1 ensure sufficient degree supplies
School construction town, according to town planning and population scale preparation of town layout planning of compulsory education schools to ensure that urban schools construction land and adequate supply.
2 reasonable layout
Try to run rural education, rational layout of the school, take a variety of measures to make up the rural education boards. Rational programme of comprehensive utilization of idle campus buildings, strictly regulate the ownership confirmation, change, asset disposal program and priorities for education. In order to improve the efficient use of educational resources, and avoid the "construction idle".
3 improving basic conditions
Standardization construction of science to promote compulsory education in urban and rural public schools, improve basic conditions, upgrading informatization level of rural schools and boarding school management services.
4 basically eliminated in large amounts
Elimination of large plans introduced by 2018, eliminated more than 66 super large amount, by the year 2020 the Elimination of more than 56 large amounts.
5 rural teacher allocation
Rational determination of compulsory education school faculty to prepare and implement faculty development of rural-urban, regional planning and dynamic management, improve teacher recruitment mechanisms, focus on resolving structural truncated and towns in rural teachers teacher shortage problem.
6 guarantee mechanism of reform of rural teachers
Implementation of rural teachers ' income distribution policies and implement and perfect focus even poor regions and rural teachers in remote and difficult areas support policies to ensure that teachers of compulsory education in the County's average wage income level is not lower than the local average wage income of civil servants.
7 reform of education management system
Improve education governance capacity, improving rural small school system and management methods to strengthen the ideological and political education, and gradually form a modern school system with Chinese characteristics.
8 reformation controlled cessation, protection mechanisms
Establishing a mechanism for accountability and control of UNPROFOR to implement drop-outs quanfan, registration and reporting system in writing, efforts to increase help for students with learning difficulties, improve subsidy policy to prevent inconvenience to school drop out.
9 reform of mechanism of accompanying children
Establish a residence permit-based admissions policy to promote the "two exempt and one subsidy" funds and public funding base with quota funds student mobility to be carried.
10 troubleshooting of left-behind children
Strengthen the protection of left-behind children in care, sound system, promoting healthy growth. To troubleshoot, establish account, a comprehensive grasp of basic conditions of left-behind children. Primary responsibility for family care, encourage parents to obtain residence permits children of school age with parents enrolled in work, migrant parents to perform their duty of guardianship and legal custody.
School construction
Build schools, students enrolled
Same town school. In accordance with the town planning and population scale preparation of town layout planning of compulsory schools, according to the school-age population trends, school construction standards, set aside enough of compulsory education and school lands, into the city and town planning and strict enforcement, may not be altered to ensure that construction land in urban schools. Education by examining the systems, the new schools building programme, relevant departments shall obtain the educational administrative departments at the same level.
Decisions according to law new town residential area supporting the standardization of school construction, old city rebuilding schools construction inadequate and does not meet the construction standards in schools with small residential area, coordinated by the local government built or rebuilding schools, ensure adequate supply of school places, meet the needs of students enrolled. Local Government to implement "turn-key" projects, ensure that the first phase of the project supporting school construction and housing construction development, construction of synchronous, synchronous delivery.
According to accelerate water circuit extends to rural infrastructure such as gas, convenient transportation and public services in rural areas of rational distribution of compulsory school. Also, do the necessary small schools in rural. Merging of school students who are causing problems, local governments should adjust measures to local conditions, be properly handled in various ways. Rational programme of comprehensive utilization of idle campus buildings, strictly regulate the ownership confirmation, change, asset disposal program and priorities for education. In order to improve the efficient use of educational resources, and avoid the "construction idle".
Increase Boarding school allowance
School of science to promote standardization. To step through the County (city, district) by the school establish the standardization construction of compulsory school account, fully made, perfect boarding schools, rural small school standards, standardization construction of science to promote compulsory education in urban and rural public schools, improve basic conditions of weak schools of compulsory education in poor areas. Upgrading informatization level of rural schools, improve rural teachers ' ability to use information technology, promoting quality education and resource sharing.
Increase in boarding schools, smaller schools and schools in Northern heating areas public funding levels, to guarantee the normal operation. Implementation of management standards in schools of compulsory education, raise the level of standardization of school management. Focus on improving rural boarding school administration service level, by way of purchase of services, such as providing workers for rural boarding schools and teaching support services. Around in the basic balance of County compulsory education based on promoting the balanced development of compulsory education quality, exploring cities (prefectures) field realization of balanced development of compulsory education, encourage qualified areas of integration of urban and rural compulsory education in the broader reform and development pilot, play a leading role model.
中国的中小学一个班级六七十人，中国国务院看不下去了 - 义务教育 - IT资讯
近日，国务院印发《关于统筹推进县域内城乡义务教育一体化改革发展的若干意见》（以下简称《意见》）。《意见》提出，建立以居住证为主要依据的随迁子女入学政策，切实简化优化随迁子女入学流程和证明要求，提供便民服务；强化家庭监护主体责任，鼓励父母取得居住证的适龄儿童随父母在工作地就近入学；到2018年基本消除66人以上超大班额，到2020年基本消除56人以上大班额；城乡师资配置基本均衡，乡村教师待遇稳步提高、岗位吸引力大幅增强，乡村教育质量明显提升，九年义务教育巩固率达到95%。
热点关注
随迁子女就学，学校收费不得区别对待
各地要进一步强化流入地政府责任，将随迁子女义务教育纳入城镇发展规划和财政保障范围，坚持积极进取、实事求是、稳步推进，适应户籍制度改革要求，建立以居住证为主要依据的随迁子女入学政策，切实简化优化随迁子女入学流程和证明要求，提供便民服务，依法保障随迁子女平等接受义务教育。
利用全国中小学生学籍信息管理系统数据，推动“两免一补”资金和生均公用经费基准定额资金随学生流动可携带。要坚持以公办学校为主安排随迁子女就学，对于公办学校学位不足的可以通过政府购买服务方式安排在普惠性民办学校就
读。实现混合编班和统一管理，促进随迁子女融入学校和社区。公办和民办学校都不得向随迁子女收取有别于本地户籍学生的任何费用。特大城市和随迁子女特别集中的地方，可根据实际制定随迁子女入学的具体办法。
强化家庭监护主体责任，鼓励父母取得居住证的适龄儿童随父母在工作地就近入学，外出务工父母要依法履行监护职责和抚养义务。依法追究父母或其他监护人不履行监护职责的责任，依法处置各种侵害留守儿童合法权益的违法行为。发挥乡镇政府和村委会作用，督促外出务工家长履行监护责任。
消除大班额：2020年消除56人以上大班额
省级人民政府要结合本地实际制订消除大班额专项规划，明确工作任务和时间表、路线图，到2018年基本消除66人以上超大班额，到2020年基本消除56人以上大班额。
各地要统筹“十三五”期间义务教育学校建设项目，按照国家规定班额标准，新建和改扩建校园校舍，重点解决城镇大班额问题，加快消除现有大班额。要通过城乡义务教育一体化、实施学区化集团化办学或学校联盟、均衡配置师资等方式，加大对薄弱学校和乡村学校的扶持力度，促进均衡发展，限制班额超标学校招生人数，合理分流学生。县级教育行政部门要建立消除大班额工作台账，对大班额学校实行销号管理，避免产生新的大班额问题。各省级人民政府要于2016年年底前将消除大班额专项规划报国家教育体制改革领导小组备案。
城乡师资配置严禁长期聘编外教师
各地要依据义务教育学校教职工编制标准、学生规模和教育教学需要，按照中央严格控制机构编制有关要求，合理核定义务教育学校教职工编制。建立城乡义务教育学校教职工编制统筹配置机制和跨区域调整机制，实行教职工编制城乡、区域统筹和动态管理，盘活编制存量，提高使用效益。
国务院人力资源社会保障部门和教育部门要研究确定县域统一的义务教育学校岗位结构比例，完善职称评聘政策，逐步推动县域内同学段学校岗位结构协调并向乡村适当倾斜，实现职称评审与岗位聘用制度的有效衔接，吸引优秀教师向农村流动。县级教育行政部门在核
定的教职工编制总额和岗位总量内，要按照班额、生源等情况，充分考虑乡村小规模学校、寄宿制学校和城镇学校的实际需要，统筹分配各校教职工编制和岗位数量，并向同级机构编制部门、人力资源社会保障部门和财政部门备案。全面推进教师“县管校聘”改革，按照教师职业特点和岗位要求，完善教师招聘机制，统筹调配编内教师资源，着力解决乡村教师结构性缺员和城镇师资不足问题。严禁在有合格教师来源的情况下“有编不补”、长期聘用编外教师，严禁挤占挪用义务教育学校教职工编制和各种形式“吃空饷”。积极鼓励和引导乡村志愿支教活动。
乡村教师待遇越艰苦地区补助水平越高
各地要实行乡村教师收入分配倾斜政策，落实并完善集中连片特困地区和边远艰苦地区乡村教师生活补助政策，因地制宜稳步扩大实施范围，按照越往基层、越往艰苦地区补助水平越高的原则，使乡村教师实际工资收入水平不低于同职级县镇教师工资收入水平。
健全长效联动机制，核定义务教育学校绩效工资总量时统筹考虑当地公务员实际收入水平，确保县域内义务教育教师平均工资收入水平不低于当地公务员的平均工资收入水平。建立乡村教师荣誉制度，使广大乡村教师有更多的获得感。完善乡村教师职业发展保障机制，合理设置乡村学校中级、高级教师岗位比例。落实中小学教师职称评聘结合政策，确保乡村学校教师职称即评即聘。将符合条件的边远艰苦地区乡村学校教师纳入当地政府住房保障体系，加快边远艰苦地区乡村教师周转宿舍建设。
十项改革举措
1确保足够学位供给
同步建设城镇学校，要按照城镇化规划和常住人口规模编制城镇义务教育学校布局规划，确保城镇学校建设用地和足够的学位供给。
2合理布局学校
努力办好乡村教育，合理布局学校，采取多种措施补齐乡村教育短板。合理制定闲置校园校舍综合利用方案，严格规范权属确认、用途变更、资产处置等程序，并优先用于教育事业。要切实提高教育资源使用效益，避免出现“边建设、边闲置”现象。
3改善基本办学条件
科学推进城乡义务教育公办学校标准化建设，改善基本办学条件，提升乡村学校信息化水平和寄宿制学校管理服务水平。
4大班额基本消除
实施消除大班额计划，到2018年基本消除66人以上超大班额，到2020年基本消除56人以上大班额。
5统筹城乡师资配置
合理核定义务教育学校教职工编制，实行教职工编制城乡、区域统筹和动态管理，完善教师招聘机制，着力解决乡村教师结构性缺员和城镇师资不足问题。
6改革乡村教师待遇保障机制
实行乡村教师收入分配倾斜政策，落实并完善集中连片特困地区和边远艰苦地区乡村教师生活补助政策，确保县域内义务教育教师平均工资收入水平不低于当地公务员的平均工资收入水平。
7改革教育治理体系
提高政府教育治理能力，完善乡村小规模学校办学机制和管理办法，全面加强思想政治教育，逐步形成中国特色的现代学校制度。
8改革控辍保学机制
建立目标责任制和联控联保机制，落实辍学学生劝返、登记和书面报告制度，加大对学习困难学生的帮扶力度，完善资助政策，防止因上学不便而辍学。
9改革随迁子女就学机制
建立以居住证为主要依据的入学政策，推动“两免一补”资金和生均公用经费基准定额资金随学生流动可携带。
10排查留守儿童情况
加强留守儿童关爱保护，健全工作体系，促进健康成长。要深入排查，建立台账，全面掌握留守儿童基本情况。强化家庭监护主体责任，鼓励父母取得居住证的适龄儿童随父母在工作地就近入学，外出务工父母要依法履行监护职责和抚养义务。
学校建设
建配套学校，满足学生就近入学
同步建设城镇学校。各地要按照城镇化规划和常住人口规模编制城镇义务教育学校布局规划，根据学龄人口变化趋势、中小学建设标准，预留足够的义务教育学校用地，纳入城市、镇规划并严格实施，不得随意变更，确保城镇学校建设用地。实行教育用地联审联批制度，新建配套学校建设方案，相关部门应征得同级教育行政部门同意。
依法落实城镇新建居住区配套标准化学校建设，老城区改造配套学校建设不足和未达到配建学校标准的小规模居住区，由当地政府统筹新建或改扩建配套学校，确保足够的学位供给，满足学生就近入学需要。地方政府要实施“交钥匙”工程，确保配套学校建设与住宅建设首期项目同步规划、同步建设、同步交付使用。
各地要结合国家加快水电路气等基础设施向农村延伸，在交通便利、公共服务成型的农村地区合理布局义务教育学校。同时，办好必要的乡村小规模学校。因撤并学校造成学生就学困难的，当地政府应因地制宜，采取多种方式予以妥善解决。合理制定闲置校园校舍综合利用方案，严格规范权属确认、用途变更、资产处置等程序，并优先用于教育事业。要切实提高教育资源使用效益，避免出现“边建设、边闲置”现象。
适当提高寄宿制学校补助
科学推进学校标准化建设。各地要逐县（市、区）逐校建立义务教育学校标准化建设台账，全面摸清情况，完善寄宿制学校、乡村小规模学校办学标准，科学推进城乡义务教育公办学校标准化建设，全面改善贫困地区义务教育薄弱学校基本办学条件。提升乡村学校信息化水平，全面提高乡村教师运用信息技术能力，促进优质教育资源共享。
适当提高寄宿制学校、规模较小学校和北方取暖地区学校公用经费补助水平，切实保障正常运转。落实义务教育学校管理标准，提高学校管理标准化水平。重点提高乡镇寄宿制学校管理服务水平，通过政府购买服务等方式为乡镇寄宿制学校提供工勤和教学辅助服务。各地要在县域义务教育基本均衡的基础上，促进义务教育优质均衡发展，探索市（地）域义务教育均衡发展实现路径，鼓励有条件的地区在更大范围开展城乡义务教育一体化改革发展试点，发挥引领示范作用。