Experts: solving urban congestion not eager "bar of iron"-the frontiers of science, 1th BA iron bus-IT information
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Bar iron--looks cool, popular network some time ago "traffic artifact", at the 14th World Congress on media day, onto the podium once again. BA tie is a new large-capacity urban light railway. This display of bar iron 60 meters long, total height of 5 meters, 7.8 meters wide, divided into two layers, the upper passenger and the lower hollow, 2 m cars free access. This idea can really solve the traffic congestion problem? Experts at the meeting said: technically feasible, but it is not realistic. This reporter from Tongji University, July 11 on the opening of the World Congress was informed.
"For the most simple example, bar iron as high as 5 meters, traffic lights, traffic signs are also going to build so high? That small cars and pedestrians on the pavement or see it? "Tongji University Party Committee Deputy Secretary of Fang shouen said, any kind of practical applications of technology, are subject to the requirements of restraint. Particular application areas transportation construction, pure technology can not solve practical problems.
15 years ago, Dean of Faculty of architecture and urban planning, Tongji University Li Zhenyu came to Germany, Germany's railway reached deep down and laments: if prior to retirement at home sitting on the train should have well ... ... Revisited after 15 years Germany railway, still good impression, just feel a bit slow--pace of development of China's road traffic has gone far beyond the expected.
"Twelve-Five", our complete transportation investment of 12.5 trillion yuan, high speed rail, highways, urban rail mileage in the world, with mileage of only subway in Shanghai is more than 600 km. Our road transport infrastructure to more and more perfect, new vehicles are constantly emerging.
So, why traffic jams are still serious? Only by the development of science and technology, why not fix the problem?
Traffic is not only a technical problem, more complex social problems. Need policies, mechanisms, management of a multi-pronged, complemented by appropriate technologies . Public transport is the transport of all types of people, businessmen, workers, retired people are involved. "As a University City, industrial zone, urban residential areas simply be divided into planning for each functional area, this is very unreasonable. ”
Fang shouen believes that city layout should use "groups" form, such as the United States model of town, every region has a relatively complete set of functional zoning, public transport systems in order to truly meet the needs of the public, and not a waste of resources. The city has formed a fixed partition, in order to solve the traffic congestion problem, only by gradual transfer of business centers of the future, and then to re-layout.
China's urban traffic conditions in the world's most complex, Fang shouen feel that in the process of China's urban transportation construction, construction can learn from abroad, but not wholesale, to local conditions .
For developing countries, rail construction costs too much, a burden. Bus rapid transit (BRT), is a cross between a rapid transit and bus transit between the new public transport system, you can reach the light rail service, being called "subway on the ground." Since the 70 's of last century Brazil built the first BRT route since the BRT, with its low cost of construction, can alleviate traffic advantages quickly became popular in the world, China has nearly 30 cities built BRT lines.
But with the development of urbanization, BRT will become unable to meet the demand of large urban populations, instead of taking up space, but unable to build mass transit.
"Good technology is only a tool and method, not because of hammer beautiful hammered twice! "Fang shouen," said Xiamen would do very well at this point, bridge mode, set aside space for future rail construction, BRT only as a transitional bridge. ”
专家：解决城市拥堵，不能巴望“巴铁” - 科技前沿,巴铁1号,巴士 - IT资讯
相关阅读：《戒“堵”神器：中国“立体快巴”模型车正式亮相》
巴铁——前段时间外表酷炫、红遍网络的“交通神器”，在第14届世界交通大会媒体见面会上，再一次被搬上讲台。巴铁是一种新型大运量城市轻轨铁路。本次展示的巴铁长60米，总高度近5米，宽7.8米，分上下两层，上层载客，下层镂空，2米以下的小汽车可自由通行。那么这一设想真的可以解决城市道路拥堵问题吗？会上专家表示：技术上完全可行，但实际应用不现实。这是记者从7月11日在同济大学开幕的世界交通大会上获悉的。
“举个最简单的例子，巴铁高达5米，交通信号灯、交通标志难道也要建这么高？那路面上的小型车和行人还看得到吗？”同济大学校党委常务副书记方守恩表示，任何一种技术的实践性应用，都受制于现实需求的约束。尤其是交通建设这样的应用型领域，纯技术解决不了实际问题。
15年前，同济大学建筑与城市规划学院院长李振宇来到德国，被德国的铁路交通深深折服，感慨道：要是在退休前能在国内坐上这样的火车该有多好……15年后重游德国铁路，印象依然不错，只是感觉速度慢了点——中国道路交通的发展速度已经远远超乎预想。
“十二五”期间，我国完成交通领域投资12.5万亿元，高铁、高速公路、城轨里程均为世界第一，其中上海市仅地铁的通车里程就超过了600公里。我国的道路交通基础建设越来越完善，新兴的交通工具也不断涌现。
那么，为什么道路拥堵依然严重？仅靠科技发展，为什么无法解决问题？
交通不仅是技术问题，更是复杂的社会问题。需要政策、机制、管理多管齐下，辅之合适的技术。公共交通本就是各类人群的交通，商人、工人、退休老人都得参与进去。“而像大学城、工业区、住宅区这样简单地将城市分为各个功能区的规划，本就是非常不合理的。”
方守恩认为，城市布局应该采用“组团”的形式，如美国的小镇模式，每一个地区都有相对完整的功能分区，公共交通系统才能真正满足公众需求，又不会造成资源浪费。针对已经形成固定分区的城市，要想解决交通拥堵问题，只能靠未来商业中心逐步转移，再来重新布局。
中国的城市交通状况在全世界最为复杂，方守恩觉得，中国城市交通建设过程中，可以借鉴国外的建设思路，但不能全盘照搬，要因地制宜。
对于发展中国家而言，轨道交通建设的成本过大，很难负担。而快速公交系统（BRT），是一种介于快速轨道交通与常规公交之间的新型公共客运系统，可以达到轻轨服务水准，被人称作“地面上的地铁”。自从上世纪70年代巴西建成第一条BRT线路以来，BRT以其建设成本低，可缓解交通压力的优点迅速风靡全球，中国也有近30个城市建设了BRT线路。
但随着城市化进程的发展，BRT也渐渐无法满足庞大城市人口的出行需求，反而因占用了空间，而无法建设轨道交通。
“好的技术和方法只是工具，不能因为锤子漂亮就到处锤两下！”方守恩说，“厦门在这一点就做得很好，采取高架桥模式，为未来轨道交通建设预留了空间，BRT只是作为一个过渡的桥梁。”