Blow up: the dark side of the industrial-drone, Xinjiang-IT information

FRY, a drone player's nightmare.

However, it is also a consumer nightmare of the UAV industry.

When a player no one machine exploded, fell, lost and he lost only one drone, UAV industry losses, not player of the drone, which may be the future of the industry.

However, the development of human civilization for thousands of years, does not prevent the fire from; consumer drones now only 10 years or so, less likely to stop the bombing.

There is no fried

"Blow up" the nightmare of how to become a consumer-level drone industry?

Love all to China of several of the largest UAV company, Xinjiang and Hao Xiang did not respond to questions about blow up ratio, respectively, and zero unmanned brand Director Yao Benchao said they knew unmanned aerial vehicle repair rate 30% per cent of its sales. It is not a small number of messages means that China's domestic mobile phone repair rate of about 3%, and the quality of China-made mobile phones vary, is about 6%, and again almost brand is 20%. In contrast, the 30% unmanned aerial vehicle repair rate really low.

Repair higher is because the drones do poor quality? No.

Although unmanned aerial vehicle repair rate is not low, but manufacturers say the vast majority of cases are attributable to human factors. Zero said they repair rate of 30% more than 80% are human error, and that 80% 70% are flying for the first time to blow up (see chart). Although Jiang did not respond to blow up ratio, but they said they knew of bombing incidents, the 85% were improper manipulation.

Love style does not exclude the possibility of manufacturers to push the responsibility to the user. It is well known that consumer electronic products is easy to go wrong. I used to have four different brands of drones, but every drone bombing. One of 10 meters in the air in front of me, without undue power fell directly; another when in Yangshuo, 260 meters long, 80 meters in the field above, no birds, no antenna, no case of blame the wind, and suddenly fell down (below).

In fact, the UAV very low tolerance for failure. Electronic equipment might overheat due to long exposure to panic, this is just for mobile phones with the fans blow can solve things, but no one fell will direct the air; the electronic compass occasionally metal or radio wave interference, maximum positioning error for the mobile phone, but the drones may be directly against the wall because of the steady error.

Whether it is the human factor or mechanical factors are also good; another pain point of the drone, is every accident can cause a lot of damage. Mobile phones unless the battery explosion or fire, or rarely the entire claim ; but the drone fell down the 10-meter air, precision pan/tilt will damage drones out of control or operation errors, probably directly lost, the whole claim.

Pain in the user and hurt manufacturers

Consumer drones are still not cheap stuff, but the absence of these pain points, to blow up at a time can also cause considerable financial losses. Even modern consumer drone flight records to determine who is responsible, but don't know much about many players of UAV technology, easier to disputes on who is responsible.

Among the most famous is SB-DJI.com webmaster for flight accident, and set up the "anti-Jiang website" (pictured), specially put up large parts of Xinjiang drone bombing accident, due to boundary effects in terms of brand, and enable Xinjiang to resort to litigation. Later, however, AdSense in a media interview says:

Much more consumer-level unmanned aircraft accident, calm down, all manufacturers of unmanned aerial vehicle accident occurs, a hardware defect, there are software, more do not understand is the improper operation and the product, volume and market share are directly related to the accident.

At the consumer level in the UAV sector, field level is already close to insurmountable levels, but when the frontier Phantom will FRY machine, many players will have a "flock of Xinjiang will FRY, that unmanned aerial vehicles not fried". Of course, if even the frontier brand and hard, it will inevitably be affected, others are less likely to survive.

Therefore, the drone of many sizable companies in case of bombing incidents, in the determination of responsibility often adopt more conservative policies on. Hao Xiang disclosed to love all the stakeholders, they return to depot repair drone, which 20% confirmation is due to human action of the user, and 80% it is difficult to determine who is responsible, because of user experience as the main factor of consideration, rather Youhao fly on its own.

Zero Yao Benchao also said that some users are human errors, will insist on "I don't care, you pay me" argument, they also have case-by-case coordination, for example, reduce or even waive maintenance costs. They also have not determined who is responsible for the case, directly to default to "manufacturer liability" and provide after-sales service.

Bombing accidents and their after sales problem described above, unmanned aerial vehicle manufacturers to bring a lot of pressure. According to industry sources, the drone when manufacturers are selling a drone, in fact, their cost is 1.7 0.7 more UAV-UAV, is a future repair costs.

Manufacturers of anti-bombing strategy

Taking into account the bombing accident on the UAV manufacturer's brand and after pressure, manufacturers are actively considering how to reduce in recent years bombing accident. However, besides the black level of the new automatic obstacle-avoidance technology, the remaining anti-bombing strategy itself will bring pressure for the UAV manufacturer.

The most common anti-bombing strategy are to improve safety through increased redundancy backup. New generation of Phantom 4 Xinjiang with double compass module and dual inertial measurement unit (IMU), and zero Explorer and millet drones with double compass module when the interference of one module, another set of modules will be able to immediately take over, reducing the chances of out of control. What is Hao Xiang Typhoon h, from 4 to 6-axis axis design, stable land in partial motor status.

However, the so-called redundancy (Redundancy), in fact, refers to join spare parts on the machine. These accessories are "redundant", add these parts will not improve the user experience, the only objective is to be only 1% the accident rate, reduced slightly by 0.5%-for firms adding redundant backups are possible in the case of 99.5% 's just wasting money, increasing costs.

However, in recent years a large number of startups to join the UAV market, constant introduction of cheaper unmanned aerial vehicles to seize the market, tempted down the drone are constantly sold. But large-scale companies continue to for safety considerations, increased production costs, certain impact on their competitiveness.

UAV redundant backup is a product of one of the selling points, but to love all of Xinjiang said they will be online and offline channels, with a lot of effort to popularize the knowledge of safe flight-there is no doubt that educational users is the most Fu paid at the end of the security measures, but the user may not be able to attract customers, but still increased the cost of the product.

After sales is another UAV threshold

There is no doubt that consumer-level drone was present in an hot new industry to VR, many start-up companies are eager to enter the new Blue Ocean. However, the blue ocean also drowned in recent years many entrepreneurs.

So-called ebb, left to be real gold. Consumer-level drone start-up teams are first confronted with barriers: including stable flight, ensure good wireless signal, provides the highest quality aerial quality is technical work.

But as UAVs become more and more popular, more and more low cost, with the user base, as well as more and more white users to join the drones chance fry will also rise. Blow up the brand effect, price pressure and the financial burden is likely to be consumer-level drone market brings a new wave of bloody out those vendors that have enough technology, but didn't have enough strength.

炸机：无人机产业的阴暗面 - 无人机,大疆 - IT资讯

炸机，是无人机玩家的噩梦。

但是，也同时是消费级无人机产业的噩梦。

当玩家的无人机炸了、摔了、丢了，他损失的只有一台无人机，但无人机产业损失的，并不是玩家的无人机，而可能是产业的前途。

但是，人类文明发展几千年，一样不能阻止火灾；消费级无人机发展至今只有10年左右，更不可能阻止炸机。

天下无不炸之机

究竟“炸机”如何成为消费级无人机产业的噩梦？

爱范儿分别向中国几家最具规模的无人机公司查询，大疆和昊翔分别表示不回应有关炸机比率的问题，而零度无人机的品牌总监姚本超则表示，他们所知道的无人机报修率，占了其销量的30%。这不是一个小数目──据消息指，中国国产的手机报修率约3%，而中国国产手机品质比较参差，也是6%左右，而再差一点的品牌也是20%。相比之下，无人机报修率30%真的不低。

报修数字高，是因为无人机的品质不佳吗？不是的。

虽然无人机返修率不低，但厂商表示大部份情况下都是人为因素做成。零度表示他们的30%报修率之中，逾80%均为人为操作失误，而这80%当中有70%都是第一次飞行就炸掉（详见上图）。大疆虽然没有就炸机比率作出回应，但他们表示在他们所知的炸机事故中，有85%均为人为操作失当。

爱范儿并不排除厂商把责任推到用户的可能性。众所周知，消费级电子产品本来就很容易出毛病。我曾经有四台不同品牌的无人机，但每一台无人机都曾炸机。其中一次就在我面前的10米空中，无故断电直接摔下来；另一次在阳朔旅游时，在260米远、80米的田野上空、在没雀鸟、没天线、没怪风的情况下，又突然摔下（下图）。

事实上，无人机对故障的容忍度极低。电子设备可能因为长时间暴晒而过热死机，这对于手机来说只是用风扇吹一吹就能解决的事，但无人机就会直接空中摔下来；电子指南针偶尔会因为金属或电波而受到干扰，对于手机来说最多只是定位错误，但无人机可能会因为自稳出错而直接撞墙。

无论是人为因素也好，机械因素也好；无人机的另一痛点，就是每次意外都会造成不少的损失。手机除非电池爆炸或起火，否则很少会整台报销；但无人机从十米空中摔下来，精密的云台就会损毁；无人机失控或操作错误，很可能直接飞丢，整台报销。

痛在用户，伤在厂商

消费级无人机目前仍然不是便宜的玩意，但由于无人机的上述痛点，每次炸机也会造成不少的财务损失。即使现代的消费级无人机，都有飞行纪录来判定责任谁属，但不少玩家对无人机技术不太了解，更容易在在责任谁属上出现争执。

当中最著名的莫过于sb-dji.com的站长因为飞行事故，而设立了这个“反大疆网站”（上图），专门张贴有关大疆无人机的炸机事故，由于对大疆品牌带来不少的影响，更曾使大疆诉诸诉讼。可是，后来站长在接受媒体采访时也表示：

消费级无人机事故看得多了，冷静下来，所有厂家的无人机产品都会发生各类事故，有硬件缺陷的，也有软件的，更多是操作不当和对产品的不了解，事故量更与市场占有率直接相关。

在消费级无人机界别里，大疆的技术水平已经是同业接近难以逾越的程度，但当大疆的Phantom也会炸机时，不少玩家都会有一种“连大疆都会炸，有那台无人机不会炸”之叹。诚然，如果连大疆品牌之硬，也难免受到影响，其它品牌就更难以幸免。

因此，不少具规模的无人机公司在遇上炸机事故时，在责任判定上很多时采以更保守的策略。昊翔相关人士向爱范儿透露，他们返厂报修的无人机，当中有20%确认是用户人为操作造成，而其余80%难以判断责任谁属，由于要以用户体验为主要考虑，就宁愿由昊翔自行承担。

而零度姚本超也表示，部份用户明明是人为操作错误，也会坚持“我不管呀，你赔我呀”的说法，他们也必须按个别情况协调，例如降低甚至免除维修费用。他们也会有在不能判定责任谁属的情况下，直接默认为“厂商责任”而提供售后服务。

上述的炸机事故及其售后的问题，对无人机厂商带来不少的压力。根据业内人士透露，无人机厂商售卖一台无人机时，其实他们的成本是是1.7台的无人机──多出0.7台无人机，是未来可能出现的报修成本。

厂商的防炸机对策

考虑到炸机事故会对无人机厂商的品牌和售后带来压力，近年厂商也积极的考虑如何降低炸机事故。然而，除了全新的自动避障等黑级科技之外，其余各种防炸机的对策，本身也会替无人机厂商带来压力。

最常见的防炸机策略，无疑是透过增加冗馀备份来改善安全系数。大疆的新一代Phantom 4采用了双指南针模块和双惯性测量单元(IMU)，而零度探索者和小米无人机亦采用了双指南针模块设计；当其中一种模块受到干扰，另一组模块就能即时接管，减少失控的机会。更有甚者的是昊翔的Typhoon H，由以往的4轴设计改为6轴，在部份电机出状况时仍然能稳定降落。

然而，所谓的冗余(Redundancy)，其实就是指在机器上加入备用零件。本来这些配件本来是“多余”的，加入这些部件并不会改良用户体验，唯一的目的就是把可能只有1%的意外率，再轻微降低0.5%而已──对厂商来说，加入冗余备份很可能在99.5%的情况下只是虚掷金钱，徒增成本。

不过，近年大量初创公司投身无人机市场，不断的推出廉价无人机来抢占市场，无人机的售价不断往下试探。但规模比较大的公司却不断的要为了安全考虑，增加生产成本，对他们的竞争力带来一定影响。

无人机的冗馀备份尚算是产品卖点之一，但大疆向爱范儿表示，他们更会在线上线下的渠道，用大量精力去普及安全飞行知识──无疑，教育用户是最釡底抽薪的安全措拖，但教用户用不一定能吸引客户，但仍然增加了产品成本。

售后将是无人机的另一门槛

无疑，消费级无人机是目前在VR以外的另一热门新创产业，不少初创公司都急于投身这个新的蓝海。但是，这个蓝海近年也淹死了不少创业者。

所谓大浪淘沙，留下来的是真金。消费级无人机初创团队最初面对的门槛：包括如何稳定的飞行、确保足够好的无线信号、提供最优质的航拍质素，干全是是技术上的活。

但随着无人机愈来愈普及，售价也愈来愈低，会随着用户基数的增加、以及愈来愈多的小白用户加入，无人机炸机率也会随之而上升。炸机所带来的品牌影响、售价压力和财政负担，可能为消费级无人机市场带来新一波的腥风血雨，淘汰那些有足够技术、但没足够实力的厂商。