Excessive use of smartphones, will have "digital dementia"? -Smartphone, dementia-IT information

"Mobile phone for a long time, 10 years old girls vision down to 0.1" "play until the wee hours of every day two or three, 20 year old man suffering from brain atrophy" and "ten disability caused by women fell into the pit, apparently concentrated too much on cell phones while walking" ... ... As smart phones increasingly deep involvement in human life, the "bow", "phone-controlled" the increasing number of accidents and incidents.

Too much mobile phone use, has become a major "invisible killer". In addition to increased myopia, leading to dry eyes, can cause traffic accidents, but what harm it will bring it?

"Mobile phone addiction" has two main indicators

Excessive use of mobile phones, also known as "mobile phone addiction", daily when in use and the touch-screen is the number define "poison" or not two standards.

Latest data shows that users click on a Smartphone, and number of sliding operations on average EUR 2,617, while heavy users accounted for 10%, the average number of operations as high as 5,427 times. Also, users use Smartphones to 2.42 hours a day on average and heavy users for 3.75 hours. In addition, the average user's cell phone use 76 per person per day, but for heavy users, and that number is 132 times.

Suzhou, Jiangsu in 2014, research group of the Organization, the number of students in higher vocational colleges to conduct a survey. Results are even more shocking-are surveyed every time using the phone for more than 3 hours in 71.07%, which 10.1% of students using cell phones for more than 7 hours a day; mobile phone down or forget to bring my cell phone goes out, feeling a little upset in 31.26%, feeling a little anxiety in 20.97%.

"Mobile phone control" phenomenon also exists in a group of teenagers in a foreign country. Survey 40% the Spain youth mobile phone addiction, they spend time on phone calls or text messages for more than 4 hours over 1/3 Italy Ministry of youth has two or more phones and addicted to mobile phone druging and 36% United Kingdom teens think they can not leave the mobile phone.

Existing medical studies confirm that people who used cell phones for more than 7 hours, prone to eye disease, headaches, hallucinations, cervical spondylosis, and sleep problems .

Under normal circumstances, we blink between 16 and 20 times a minute, watch phone, only blink 6 to 8 times per minute, this will result in dry eyes. If a long time staring at the phone, also contributes to eye muscle fatigue, impact focus, resulting in blurred vision. Initially may only be temporary, will become permanent over time, resulting in myopia. Reportedly, more than 90% of myopia, because with "screen" is excessive.

From the perspective of sleep, cell phone radiation can make people delay sleep for 6 minutes, and deep sleep by 8 minutes. If you texting while driving often, probability of a crash by 23 times. According to statistics, about 15% of traffic accidents are caused by drivers ' cell phones.

Meanwhile, excessive use of mobile phones may also make people become ugly. Bow long play mobile, cheek and jaw muscles will sag due to gravity, long time might formed a double chin, showing with the age of the old.

In addition, the excessive use of mobile phones will also reduce the frequency and intensity of physical exercise. More serious, long-term exposure to cell phone radiation environment, may also be the inherent physiological mechanisms have some negative effects. Studies have found that daily exposure to high levels of radiation from mobile phones for more than 10 hours, can cause nerve and endocrine disorders.

Coexistence of social apathy and anxiety

"The furthest distance in the world is not between life and death but when I stand in front of you, you bow to play" ... ... In many "bow", cell phone screen in the world more important than real life. "Bowing" grow cold is spread in the information age.

This "mobile phone hundreds of acquaintances, friends, real life is a loner", Zhou Jian of the public quite touched. Micro-blogging, micro-when I first became popular, circle of friends, "Sun", Chow was always enthusiastic praise, or leave a message. Soon, however, he found the distance away and a few friends, some friends used to find time to eat dinner together, sing sing, now rely on micro-credit, QQ, and for a long time when I see a, might feel a bit strange .

Mr weeks said: "open your circle of friends, there is food in the Sun photos. If the following message, and quickly. Everyone in the chat was in full swing, but don't want to put down the cell phone and the people around him say more words, then what's the point? ”

Associated with this, excessive use of cell phone users, there is also a "network exchange of obsessive compulsive disorder." "Every now and then to go to friends, look at what's new. If the photos were made by yourself, is all the more eager to see a friend like ", this is the Netizen summary" Internet communication OCD "is typical.

"In the past people without a mobile phone was not very good, people now have become slaves of the phone, addicted to mobile phones of opium. This is very regrettable. "Senior Counselor Lin Yifang believes that this would effectively increase the sense of lonely, reduced sense of personal value, thereby reducing people's happiness.

Experts analyze the reasons behind the phenomenon and may be related to the loneliness of modern city. Many people think,"man-machine" interactive "social" interactions are easier to control . To communicate with others, often do not know what each other is thinking, it's hard to make them really know what they want. By contrast, and machines are much more simple. But in the long term, "bow" can trigger or exacerbate depression, anxiety and so on. Many leave the mobile phone will panic, nervous, restless young man, in fact, may have a number of mental health.

"Digital Alzheimer's" is it true?

Close your eyes and think about mobile phone number in the address book, do you remember? Names of acquaintances to friends and relatives do you remember? What they ate for lunch? To these questions, if you still cannot give an answer for more than 10 seconds, maybe you get "digital Alzheimer's."

Experts believe that If excessive reliance on mobile phones and other digital products, like regular tweets, friends, surfing the Web, there will be a large number of invalid information into the brain, which weakens the brain processing power to useful information, eventually leading to memory loss, caused by "digital dementia".

In General, older people are more susceptible to memory loss, decreased ability to learn new knowledge of torture, but these symptoms in young people in recent years a progressive development trend. United States national survey of trends in machine center's data show that, now aged 18 to 34 age group than those groups over the age of 55 are more likely to forget the day of the week where, forgotten keys, even forgot to bathe. In contrast, only "names" that are easier to forget than young people over the age of 55 groups.

Medical studies have shown that human memory is used primarily by the brain "hippocampus". Like usual if not exercising, muscles will atrophy, lack of memory leads to hippocampal atrophy, less memory, cognitive capacity. "Digital dementia" is the most direct example, navigation way, instead of a phone number on mobile phones, may raise mental activities losing ground.

Seven common memory problems are summarized at Harvard Medical School, where "misattributed", "stop" and "distractions" complement each other. "Misattributed" refers to only part of a whole, received information was incomplete. "Block" is a temporary oblivion, because in the brain "competition in memory" hinders the information you need.

More important is a distraction. Precisely because digital technology facilitates the life at the same time, but also cultivate a habit that we handle multiple tasks simultaneously. In this process, you will not miss any interesting information, but attention and effort have been greatly divided.

In addition, smart-phones, electronic devices can help people to efficient use of "debris", but most of the time this is an illusion . Memory formation is not a simple stacking of all the experiences of the past, but every time the brain receives information of the decoding process, and during this time all the perceptual knowledge and rational thinking interacts with the objective facts of information collection. This means that the brain finally remembered that after the integration of information. No fragmentation information is integrated, in the memories of the times it is difficult to be traced. 5 minutes, 10 minutes brushed micro-blog, read the news, get one-sided analysis or decision is simple, not deep reading and thinking, this completely distorted the "rational use of fragments of time" in the first place.

Experts suggested that the digital device users should make use, depth of reading and thinking habits, and establish and maintain meaningful social, give up useless information received and so on.

过度使用智能手机，会得“数码痴呆”？ - 智能手机,痴呆 - IT资讯

“长时间看手机，10岁女孩视力降至0.1”“每天玩手机到凌晨两三时，20岁男子患上脑萎缩”“女子掉入井坑造成十级伤残，起因是走路时过于专注玩手机”……随着智能手机日益深度地介入人类生活，有关“低头族”“手机控”的安全隐患和事件越来越多。

过度使用手机，已然成为一大“隐形杀手”。除了加重近视、引发干眼症、易导致交通事故外，它还会带来哪些危害呢？

“手机成瘾”有两大指标

所谓过度使用手机，又被称为“手机成瘾症”，每天使用时长和触屏次数是界定“中毒”与否的两大标准。

最新的研究数据显示，用户在智能手机上进行点击、滑动等操作的次数，平均是每人每天2617次，而重度用户占比为10%，其平均操作次数高达5427次。同时，用户平均每天使用智能手机2.42小时，重度用户则为3.75小时。此外，用户平均每人每天使用手机76次，而对于重度用户来说，这一数字是132次。

江苏苏州曾于2014年组织课题组，对几所高职院校的学生进行问卷调查。结果更为惊人——被访者每天使用手机的时间在3个小时以上的占到71.07%，其中10.1%的学生每天使用手机7小时以上；手机停机或者忘记带手机外出时，感觉有些烦躁的占到31.26%，感觉有点焦虑的占到20.97%。

“手机控”现象在国外的青少年群体中同样存在。调查显示，40%的西班牙青少年手机成瘾，他们每天花在手机通话或短信上的时间超过4小时；　超过1/3的意大利青少年拥有两部以上手机，并且沉迷于手机，难以自拔；36%的英国青少年认为自己无法离开手机。

现有医学研究证实，使用手机超过7小时的人，极易出现眼疾、头疼、幻听、颈椎病和睡眠质量问题。

正常情况下，我们每分钟眨眼16至20次，而看手机时，每分钟只眨6至8次，这将导致眼干。倘若长时间盯着手机看，还会加剧眼部肌肉疲劳，影响聚焦能力，导致视力模糊。最初可能只是暂时的，长此以往就会变成永久性的，最终导致近视。有报道说，我国90%以上的小学生近视，原因就在于用“屏”过度。

从睡眠角度来看，手机辐射会让人延迟入睡6分钟，并将深度睡眠缩短8分钟。如果经常开车发短信，撞车的概率将提高23倍。据统计，我国约有15%的交通事故是驾驶员玩手机引发的。

同时，使用手机过度还可能让人变丑。长时间低头玩手机，会令面颊和下巴的肌肉因重力而下垂，时间长了可能形成双下巴，呈现出与年龄不符的老态。

此外，过度使用手机还会减少我们的身体锻炼频率和强度。更严重的，长期暴露在手机辐射环境下，亦可能对人的内在生理机制产生一定的负面影响。研究发现，每天暴露在高强度的手机辐射中10小时以上，就会引起神经、内分泌功能紊乱。

社交冷漠和焦虑并存

“世界上最遥远的距离不是生与死，而是我站在你面前，你却在低头玩手机”……在很多“低头族”看来，手机屏幕里的世界比真实的生活更为重要。“低头族”日渐壮大，信息时代的冷漠也随之蔓延。

对于这种“手机中熟人、朋友成百上千，现实生活中却是孤家寡人”的现象，市民周舰就颇有感触。微博、微信刚开始流行的时候，面对朋友圈中的各种“晒”，周先生总是乐此不疲地点赞或留言。可不久，他发觉和一些朋友的距离变远了，有的朋友以前还会抽空一起吃吃饭、唱唱歌，现在全靠微信、QQ了，许久见一次的时候，竟然会觉得有点陌生。

周先生说：“打开朋友圈，到处是晒美食的照片。如果下面有留言，也很快回复。可大家在网上聊得热火朝天，却不愿意放下手机和身边的人多说句话，那还有什么意义呢？”

与此相关，过度使用手机者当中，还出现了一种“网络交流强迫症”。“时不时就想去朋友圈，看看大家都有些什么新鲜事发生。如果是自己发了照片，就更加急切地希望看到朋友点赞”，这是网友总结的“网络交流强迫症”之典型表现。

“以前的人没有手机不是过得也挺好，现在的人反而变成了手机的奴隶，沉迷于手机鸦片。这是令人非常遗憾的。”国家高级心理咨询师林一芳认为，这在无形中会增加内心孤独感，减少个人存在的价值感，从而会降低人的幸福指数。

专家分析，现象背后的深层次原因，可能与现代都市人的孤独感有关。不少人觉得，“人机”交互比“人际”交互更容易掌控。和人交流，往往不知道对方心里在想什么，也很难让对方真正明白自己所想。相比之下，和机器交流则简单得多。但从长远来看，“低头族”会引发或加剧使用者的抑郁、焦虑等。很多离开手机便发慌、紧张、心神不宁的年轻人，其实可能已经出现了一些心理健康状况。

“数码痴呆”是真的？

闭上眼睛想一下，手机通讯录里的电话号码，你还记得几个？熟人亲友的名字你还记得几个？中午自己又吃了什么？对于这些问题，假如你回忆的时间超过10秒仍无法给出答案，也许你得了“数码痴呆症”。

专家认为，如果过度依赖手机等数码产品，例如经常刷微博、看朋友圈、浏览网页等，会有大量的无效信息进入大脑，从而削弱了大脑对有用信息的处理能力，最终导致记忆力下降，引起“数码痴呆”。

通常来说，老年人更容易受到记忆力减退、学习新知识的能力下降的折磨，但这些症状在青年人群中近年来有逐渐发展的趋势。美国趋势机器全国调查中心的数据表明，目前18岁至34岁的群体比那些55岁以上的群体更容易忘记当天是星期几、忘了钥匙放在哪，甚至忘了洗澡。相比之下，只有“人名”这一项，是55岁以上群体比年轻人更容易忘记的。

医学研究证明，人的记忆主要由脑部的“海马体”负责。就像平时假如不运动，肌肉就会随之萎缩一样，记忆力使用不足则会导致海马体萎缩、记忆容量减小、认知能力降低。“数码痴呆症”最直接的例子就是，用导航仪找路、用手机代替记忆电话号码，可能会使人精神活动的能力有所退步。

哈佛医学院总结了七种常见记忆问题，其中“错误归因”“阻挡”和“注意力分散”相辅相成。“错误归因”是指只看局部不看整体，接收到的信息不完整。“阻挡”是一种暂时性的忘却，是因脑内的“竞争记忆”阻碍了你所需要的信息。

更重要的是注意力分散。恰恰是由于数码科技在方便了生活的同时，也培养了我们同时处理多项任务的习惯。在这过程中，也许你不会错过任何有趣的信息，然而注意力与精力已被大大分散。

此外，智能手机、电子设备貌似能帮人高效利用“碎片时间”，可大多数时候这只是假象。记忆的形成不是过去所有经验的单纯叠加，而是大脑每次对所接收信息的解码过程，及在此期间所有感性认知、理性思考与客观事实交互作用产生的信息的合集。这就是说，大脑最后记住的是整合过后的信息。没有被整合的碎片化信息，在回忆的时候是很难被追踪到的。用5分钟、10分钟的时间刷微博、看新闻，得到的都是简单的结论或片面的分析，而不是深度阅读与思考，这完全扭曲了“合理利用碎片时间”的初衷。

专家建议，数码设备的使用者应当养成勤用脑、深度阅读和思考的习惯，同时建立并保持有意义的社交、放弃无用的信息接收方式等。