Smashing the large underground in Shanghai: total tax evasion of more than billion | underground _ news
Original title: smashing the large underground in Shanghai: tax evasion of more than tens of billions
Morning news reporter Wu Linhua intern Tang well
On July 10 of this year, Shanghai public security investigation Corps reported to the Ministry of public security, joint battle of five groups launched attack to the police, destroyed a radiation in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Gansu, Sichuan, five provinces and by formal banks divided into head office, branches and many levels of a substantial network of "underground banks", total tax evasion of more than tens of billions Yuan. The "head office" links to have been destroyed by the Chinese Ministry of public security, the resurgence of the horse's group.
It is reported that more than Shanghai, the police arrested more than 30 suspects, seized the money involved is equivalent to 6.25 million Yuan, modus operandi over more than 300 with your bank card, the freezing of funds in connection with more than 81 million Yuan.
Ticket fraud out "underground banks"
Late last year, the Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau received a report of economic investigation Corps: a company bank "discount" in the process, is defrauded of more than 10 million Yuan. Municipal Public Security Bureau economic investigation Corps of seven teams immediately to investigate.
In the process of solving recover booty, although police quickly clarified the identity of suspects, 10 million Yuan has been involved through break up over more than 50 individual accounts were repeatedly turned away, eventually being converted to United States dollars transferred to the outside. Many of these accounts in places such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Fuzhou, non-user account per capita every day, and how much money you have in your account into how much money out, accounts do not stay overnight cash ... ... These characteristics are marked with "underground" nature of money-laundering, raised alert Scout.
Through further investigation, a "Ma" the name attracted the attention of police, who was in China years ago cracked the Ma group "underground banks" appeared in the case, but lost because of insufficient evidence. Ma appeared at this time, Scout's eyes light up, along with the Association of multiple "horse" name, investigators realized that Ma's group "underground banks" is likely to have been revived.
Level within the branch number
After 3 months of rows to touch, police initially found out this "underground banks" within the organization. , Nicknamed the "leaves" of suspect, Sun and her husband Wang of Shanghai underground "top", and their home is a horse's group.
Yellow cattle chipping in with a single currency in the past, in the "leaves" under, there are multiple levels, organizing a clear division of labor. The bottom is commonly known as "piling dies" Exchange of cattle, the cattle each circle each other "adjustment position", over time, formed the size of the chain. Chain of each level is a "underground banks", the only difference is how much money. Police investigators said, "leaves" money throughput of nearly every day.
In addition, the "underground banks" for Exchange also has a strict "audit" have worked only with old customers or by old customers to introduce new customers to commit transactions, point-to-point to solicit and sift through the so-called "safety."
According to police investigations, as this "underground" network controller, MA's group home not only a branch in Shanghai, but in Zhejiang, Gansu, Sichuan and Guangdong provinces have semicolons, handled funds flowing over tens of billions of Yuan, can be described as "predators".
It is worth mentioning that, case detection, the police also found a lot of Bank staff were involved, their needs are not met formal channels introduce customers to "underground banks" operators, and splitting the profits from it.
Waiting for the time to wipe out the "underground banks"
In April this year, at a time when police in preparation for the nets, the gang at Shanghai's top "leaf", Sun suddenly left Shanghai for Hong Kong, this is 3 months.
As a key figure in the criminal networks as a whole, if the "leaves" no case, evidence chain was missing a part, whether it is home or family, are hard to perfect its illegal facts.
On July 1 this year, the Panel received reliable information: Sun July 10 train ride from Shanghai HongQiao railway station, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The time is ripe, Shanghai police reported immediately to the Ministry of public security, coordination of cluster operations in five provinces, consolidated net. 10:37 A.M. July 10, Sun was already waiting for long hours in a train civilian police arrested.
Next day at 6 o'clock in the morning, China's Ministry of public security issued instructions, Shanghai police is divided into 30 capture group, and Shanghai implemented over more than 30 suspects arrested in the region, seized more than 6 million in cash, bank cards have more than more than 300.
It is reported that the case is international pursuit recover booty against corruption "SkyNet" action carried out in Shanghai have uncovered similar cases so far organized the largest, involved the widest area of the case.
To cancel the annual purchase limit
According to the police, "underground banks" in addition to corruption and money laundering tool, or a variety of illegal transfer of money channel, some "underground banks" also helped hundreds of millions of Yuan in the stock market, "black gold" outflow abroad.
In practice, however, "underground banking" customers far from here, a lot of people for a variety of needs, will also become "underground banking" customers.
Why is this happening? Police said, according to the Chinese foreign exchange regulations, foreign exchange limit of only $ 50,000 per person per year. This amount has not changed for 9 years starting from 2007. Studying abroad and foreign home buyers, the cross-border payment and settlement are subject to the above restrictions, some demands were not met, they turn to "underground banks". It is reported that at present, China's Central Bank has in six cities in the pilot, for eligible individuals to cancel the annual purchase limit of $ 50,000, are no longer capped. This will "underground banks" exists to give a heavy blow.
["Underground banks" to "money laundering"? ]
The simplest is, customers give the money to the "underground banks", discuss foreign exchange rates and commissions, the "underground banks" informed the foreign partners, in accordance with the agreed exchange rate amount corresponding currencies such as the dollar, euro, into the designated foreign bank account. On the surface, the Renminbi to remain in China, currency did not come in, but the deal has been completed.
There is also a common money-laundering practices, is that the money go round, and finally back to the Mainland. For example, the need for "money laundering" people put money into a specified account, the criminal gangs used POS machines in Macau, make custom brush domestic bank card to withdraw cash or Casino in Macau "cleaning code", cross-border financial exchange and arbitrage activities, then transferred the cash to the territory.
[Underground danger]
Police explained, the so-called underground banking refers to financial payment settlement business, the sale of foreign exchange, cross-border transfers of illegal business activities, such as illegal financial organization, dangers of underground banks is huge, mainly in three aspects:
"Hot money" entering the domestic open channel
Underground money trading has a high degree of concealment, unable to grasp its size and actual cash flow transaction attributes, more difficult to integrate them into the normal balance of payments statistics, underground banking both domestic capital flight out of the country, as well as domestic and foreign investment the primary means of flight of capital and the illegal transfer of profits of enterprises. In addition, at the international cross-border short-term capital flow, also played a role in fueling and bypass the firewall of China's foreign exchange management, "hot money" entering the domestic capital market has opened up a channel, seriously disrupting the country's economic and financial order.
Great losses to the State tax
Underground for many enterprises evading taxes with a capital flight of underground passages and great losses to the State revenue, eroding the financial base of the country source. While underground to a large number of foreign exchange outside the banking system of Exchange settlement and sales, increase the difficulty of its control monitoring, resulting in State foreign exchange reserves and "black holes" and long-term irregular leaks, thus wasting the country's foreign exchange resources, seriously harming national economic interests.
To facilitate money-laundering contribute to crime
Underground money-laundering criminals who demand services, makes its money-laundering goals will be achieved, leading to corruption, bribery, embezzlement of State assets, as well as smuggling, drug trafficking, fraud and other criminal activities gets returns put on a cloak of legitimacy, will contribute to the predicate offence. Therefore, allow underground development bound to lead and contribute to all kinds of crimes, serious negative impact on the economic development of our country.
Responsible editor: Kun Qu SN117
Article keywords:Underground
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上海捣毁特大地下钱庄：总案值逾百亿元|地下钱庄_新闻资讯
原标题：上海捣毁特大地下钱庄：案值逾百亿
晨报记者 邬林桦 实习生 唐好优
今年7月10日，上海公安经侦总队报请中国公安部，联合五地警方发起群攻战役，摧毁了一个辐射上海、浙江、甘肃、四川、广东五省市，并按正规银行分为总行、支行等多个层级的网络庞大的“地下钱庄”，总案值逾百亿元。其“总行”指向曾被中国公安部摧毁、又死灰复燃的马氏集团。
据悉，上海警方共抓获犯罪嫌疑人30余名，缴获涉案赃款折合人民币625万元、作案用银行卡300余张、冻结涉案资金8100余万元。
票据诈骗牵出“地下钱庄”
去年下半年，上海市公安局经侦总队接到报案：一家公司在银行“票据贴现”的过程中，被诈骗了1000多万元。市公安局经侦总队七支队立即展开侦查。
在破案追赃的过程中，虽然警方很快就明确了几名犯罪嫌疑人的身份，但是涉案的1000万元人民币已经通过打散到50多个个人账户的方式被多次转走，最后都被换算成美元转移到了境外。这些账户开户地多在广州、深圳、福州等地，开户人均非使用者，而且每天账户上有多少钱进就有多少钱出，账上不留隔夜现金……这些特征均带有“地下钱庄”洗钱的性质，引起了侦查员的警觉。
通过进一步侦查，一个“马某”的名字引起了警方的注意，此人曾在中国公安部多年前破获的马氏集团“地下钱庄”案件中出现过，但当时因证据不足成为漏网之鱼。此时马某的出现，让侦查员眼前一亮，加上与之相关的多个“马”姓名字，让侦查员意识到，马氏集团“地下钱庄”很可能已经死灰复燃。
内部层级分明分支众多
经过3个月的排摸，在警方初步摸清了这个“地下钱庄”的内部组织。其中，绰号为“叶子”的犯罪嫌疑人孙某及丈夫王某是上海地下钱庄的“顶层人物”，而他们的上家正是马氏集团。
跟以往单个外汇黄牛小打小闹不同，在“叶子”之下，还有多个层级，组织分工明确。最底层的是俗称“打桩模子”的换汇黄牛，这些黄牛互相各有圈子“调头寸”，久而久之，形成了规模大小不一的链条。链条上的每个层级都是一个“地下钱庄”，唯一不同的是资金量的多少。办案民警介绍说，“叶子”的资金吞吐量是每天近千万元。
此外，这个“地下钱庄”对于换汇者也有着严格的“审核”，仅与有过合作的老客户或由老客户介绍的新客户实施交易，点对点招揽并从中筛选所谓“安全客户”。
而据警方调查，作为这个“地下钱庄”犯罪网络的控制人，马氏集团的下家绝不只上海一条分支，而是在浙江、甘肃、四川、广东四省都有分号，经手的资金流水超过百亿元，可谓“大鳄”。
值得一提的是，警方在此案的侦破中还发现了不少银行工作人员参与其中，他们把正规渠道需求得不到满足的客户介绍给“地下钱庄”经营者，并从中分利。
静待时机全歼“地下钱庄”
今年4月，就在警方准备收网之际，该犯罪团伙在上海的顶层人物“叶子”孙某却突然离开上海去了香港，这一走就是3个月。
作为整个犯罪网络中的关键人物，如果“叶子”不到案，证据链就缺了一环，无论是上家还是下家，都难以完美锁定其违法事实。
今年7月1日，专案组得到可靠消息：孙某将乘坐7月10日的火车，从香港九龙抵达上海虹桥火车站。时机成熟，上海警方立即上报中国公安部，协调五省市集群作战，统一收网。7月10日上午10时37分，孙某一下火车就被早已守候多时的民警抓获。
次日凌晨6时，中国公安部发布指令，上海警方分成30个抓捕小组，同时对上海区域内的30多名犯罪嫌疑人实施抓捕，现场查获现金600余万，银行卡有300多张。
据悉，该案是反腐败国际追逃追赃“天网”行动开展至今上海所破获同类型案件中打击团伙规模最大、涉案区域最广的案件。
将取消年度购汇额度限制
据警方介绍，“地下钱庄”除了成为贪腐资金的洗钱工具外，还是多种违法行为转移赃款的通道，有的“地下钱庄”还帮助上亿元的股市“黑金”流出境外。
但实际上，“地下钱庄”的客户远不至此，很多普通人因为各种需求，也会成为“地下钱庄”的客户。
为什么会出现这种情况？民警介绍说，根据我国的外汇管理规定，每年每人只有5万美元的外汇兑换额度。这一额度从2007年开始已经9年没有改变了。出国留学、境外置业、跨境支付结算等等都要受到上述限制，一些人需求得不到满足，就求助于“地下钱庄”。据悉，目前中国中央银行已经在六个城市试点，对符合条件的个人投资者取消5万美元的年度购汇额度限制，不再设上限。这将对“地下钱庄”的存在给予沉重打击。
[“地下钱庄”如何“洗钱”？]
■最简单的是，客户将钱交给“地下钱庄”，商量好汇率和佣金后，“地下钱庄”通知境外合伙人，按照约定汇率将相应数额美元、欧元等货币，打入客户指定的境外银行账户。表面上看，人民币还留在中国，外币也没有进来，但交易已经完成。
■还有一种常见的洗钱手法，就是钱出去走一圈，最后再回到内地。比如，需要“洗钱”的人把钱打入指定账户后，犯罪团伙使用澳门的POS机，为客户刷境内银行卡后提取现金或在澳门赌场“洗码”，进行跨境资金汇兑与套现活动，再把现金转移至境内。
[地下钱庄危害性]
警方解释，所谓地下钱庄，是指从事资金支付结算业务、买卖外汇、跨境转款等非法经营业务活动的非法金融组织，地下钱庄的危害性巨大，主要体现在三个方面：
■为“热钱”进入国内敞开通道
地下钱庄资金交易具有高度隐蔽性，无法掌握其实际发生的资金流规模和交易属性，更难将其纳入正常的国际收支统计，地下钱庄既协助本国资本逃出境外，同时也是境内外投资企业抽逃资本和非法转移利润的主要途径。此外，在国际短期资本跨境流动中，也起到了推波助澜的作用，绕开了我国外汇管理的防火墙，为“热钱”进入国内资本市场开辟了一条无形通道，严重扰乱了国家经济金融秩序。
■使国家税收蒙受极大损失
地下钱庄为众多企业偷逃税费提供了资金外逃的地下通道，使国家税收蒙受极大损失，侵蚀了国家的财政基源。同时地下钱庄使大量外汇收支游离于银行结售汇体系之外，增加了对其控制监测的难度，导致国家外汇储备出现“黑洞”，并引发长期的不正常渗漏，从而浪费国家外汇资源，严重危害国家经济利益。
■为洗钱提供便利助长犯罪
地下钱庄为具有洗钱需求的犯罪分子服务，使其洗钱目的得以实现，导致贪污腐败、行贿受贿、侵吞国有资产以及走私、贩毒、骗税等犯罪活动中获取的收益披上貌似合法的外衣，必将助长上游犯罪行为。因此，任由地下钱庄发展，必将引发和助长各类犯罪，对我国的经济发展产生严重的负面影响。
责任编辑：瞿崑 SN117
文章关键词： 地下钱庄
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