NET about investigations of the new deal: the taxi driver tangle-net about cars, taxi-IT information
"The profiteering of the taxi was also the end of an era. "Zhang (not his real name) said.
As a taxi driver in Shenzhen, Zhang Wei was RMB monthly income of thousands of "senior blue collar", but with the nets about policy introduced, now began to think about it, what do you want to switch network about arms?
Following last week's Internet booking taxi service after the introduction of interim measures for the management, publishing network, traffic, August 1 reservation taxi operation services practice (draft for soliciting opinions) that on the one hand the net about the legal status of the vehicle, on the other hand when the accidents occurred during the service, the operator should bear the payment responsibility.
This gave many taxi drivers a new choice.
In addition to Zhang Wei, a people in Fuqing, Fujian, Liu Dalong (not her real name) is a member of the local taxi drivers, and several fellow these days don't work. Recently, he repeatedly discussed with many people: whether or not to buy a car to net about a car.
"Hesitation thing is, if network around cars, people have food to eat? "On August 2, he is careful to say to reporters.
Facing the impact of network about the car, though taxi companies began to reduce contracting costs, known as "money", but drivers still will to meaning. According to the 21st century business Herald reporter, in hundreds of kilometers of Ningbo, Nanjing and Shenzhen, thousands of taxi drivers face new choices: what went on with taxi, or their own cars to work on network about the car, or not developed in this industry.
And this time the industry eco-"earthquake", which still continues, also must continue to observe.
Taxi companies lowered the money
Zhang told reporters that the taxi companies now money drop is very big.
Last year, his taxi company for every taxi reduces costs 1000 Yuan a month, and that the Government also reduces costs 1000 Yuan per month. It's not over yet, from August this year, taxi companies again reduced by 1000 per vehicle fee.
21st century economic report was informed that the taxi because nets about legitimate began lowering the money situation has substantially performed in various places.
Such as Ningbo, Ningbo city, on March 1 this year on a trial basis on deepening reform of the taxi industry opinion, cancel the urban taxi operating payment fee of 10,000 yuan a year. Guangzhou, Lanzhou has to take subsidies, money began to reduce taxi drivers.
It is understood that the taxi driver the money earlier complained. Taxi driver told reporters that the money was too much, too much. For a value of 60,000 taxis, for example, if the money pay 15,000 yuan a month, 4 months to recover the cost, taxi companies only need to pay thousands of Yuan every year the insurance and inspection costs, and higher profits.
In fact, the taxi is really expensive "licence". According to the 21st century business Herald reporter, is generally not a taxi licence in many areas, such as a city of 20 million people, a taxi is only more than 10,000 vehicles, which makes the taxi is particularly "precious."
"The taxi company taxi licence, this is monopoly of scarce resources, it is natural to make profits, profit model is mainly used to the drivers licence, is actually on the agent, and then to distribution. "Professor Wang xixin at Peking University Law School professor.
However, with the changes in the external environment, taxi companies have had to change tactics. Earlier, the Ministry study found that because of network about appearance, causing taxi drivers ' monthly income dropped by about 30%.
Says Wang xixin, taxi companies are starting to reduce the money around, this is the reform of bonuses, new technology forcing. "' Internet +' new economic model has become an irresistible trend, the net about reform, the whole idea is to take some car and traditional taxi in a system, system reform. In this context, taxi money cut is the result of a forced, in the net about open cases, traditional taxi mode is being phased out, do not change, then what good is gone. ”
But even though taxi companies have cut money, drivers are still not satisfied, the money cannot make up for their reduced income due to network about the impact.
From this year, Liu Dalong their informal taxi business has been damaged by the network about the car. According to him, now earning about 100 Yuan a day, just enough for living expenses. The figure last year was more than more than 200 Yuan a day, 1 day earlier reached three hundred or four hundred Yuan profit is not difficult.
On Zhang Wei's influence is even greater. According to him, in the past, a taxi in Shenzhen day and night every day add up to about 1500 Yuan income, gross is 750 Yuan for each driver, remove money, gasoline costs, every day, there are about 400 Yuan of net income, per driver per month, more than 10,000 yuan.
However, since the network about the car after the rise is currently a driver every day for about 250 Yuan less income, get rid of money, gasoline fee, only three thousand or four thousand Yuan a month income. He said that even now the Government and taxi companies to increase subsidies, meaning it is unlikely.
Taxi driver game network around the car
In the net about the new deal was launched, a large number of taxi drivers start people thinking.
Zhang believes that "unless the money free of charge each month, most drivers will turn the network around. ”
More than 40 years old, he told the 21st century business Herald reporter, Shenzhen he understand road service to net about the back of the taxi driver, will be very popular. In his view, if a separate open net about a car, gross more than 700 Yuan a day, remove the 20% to be paid, as well as car expenses and other costs, easily earns more than 20,000 1 month is no big problem.
Want to be taxi drivers don't like him less. "My company is now less and less truly driver, one company had nearly 300 drivers, now left more than 200 people. The rest of the people going to Shenzhen after the introduction of rules for the network of about, ready to buy a car to dry nets about car rental. "Zhang Wei said.
But Liu Dalong is not so optimistic. He told the 21st century business Herald reporter, about his network's biggest fears is that local only 450 taxis in Fuqing, but screen about thousands is possible. "Now the whole taxi drivers are not working, if we all go into the net about cars and how the future will be is hard to say. ”
"Taxi drivers waiting for specific policies, we also talk about car turn not turn network. "Liu Dalong said.
Also it was felt that the work network is about cars are at greater risk. Because the tax, audit, insurance costs, in addition to net about vehicle platform will be charged a fee, amounted to make money, do too much and of course also make too much. "Now local policy may also be adjusted, I dare not go blindly. "A taxi driver said.
In addition, in some areas as special, so the net about cars also face problems. In Beijing, a taxi driver told the 21st century business Herald reporter, Beijing is now the biggest problem is there is no car, because buying a car lottery.
"Now its hard to buy, car won't let you in. And if you really want to do it or have to buy a high grade car, but if you don't have the car is wasted. "He believes that if taxi drivers in the network about a car, not necessarily cost-effective. According to him, now he understood more than more than 40 taxi drivers, to dry nets about your car less than 5 people.
Up to now, the traffic network ride taxi operation service specification (draft for soliciting opinions) are listening to opinions from all sides, and around the Web about views of the pending introduction.
In this regard, specialized research on the net about Southeast University law school Associate Professor Gu Dasong believes that Web site about cars in the back of a cab, original to shuffle all taxi drivers, need to watch it.
"Didn't come out of the local rules, requirements for vehicles, do, how to test, will come out for nearly three months. What I think we should wait and see. "He said.
Legal and he is expected to net about cars, taxi companies fail, the vehicle has some experience in management, personnel management. "Network platform and cab companies, also can save some of the cost, these people are net after about scarce resources in the car. ”
网约车新政调查：出租车司机十分纠结 - 网约车,出租车 - IT资讯
“出租车的暴利时代也该结束了。”张伟（化名）说。
作为深圳的一位出租车司机，张伟曾经是月收入过万元的“高级蓝领”，但随着网约车政策的出台，如今他却开始思索，究竟要不要转投网约车的怀抱？
继上周《网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法》出台后，8月1日交通部发布《网络预约出租汽车运营服务规范》（征求意见稿），一方面肯定了网约车的合法地位，另一方面当服务过程中发生安全事故，经营者应承担先行赔付责任。
这给了很多出租车司机新的选择。
除张伟外，人在福建福清市的刘大龙（化名）是当地的一名出租车司机，但和几名老乡这几天都没有上班。最近，他和很多人反复商量：该不该买车去从事网约车。
“犹豫的事情是，如果都搞网约车，大家还有饭吃吗？”8月2日，他很谨慎地对记者说。
面对网约车的冲击，尽管各地出租车公司开始降低承包费，也就是所谓的“份子钱”，但是司机们仍然萌生去意。据21世纪经济报道记者了解，在几百公里之外的宁波、南京，以及深圳，成千上万个出租车司机也面临新的抉择：到底是继续干出租车，还是自己买车来从事网约车，或者干脆不在这个行业中发展。
而这一次行业生态“地震”，其影响仍然在持续，也仍需继续观察。
出租车公司调降份子钱
张伟告诉记者，现在出租车公司的份子钱降幅很大。
从去年开始，他所在的出租车公司给每辆出租车每月降低1000元费用，另外政府每月也降低了1000元费用。这还没完，从今年8月开始，出租车公司再次对每辆车降低了1000元收费。
而21世纪经济报道获悉，出租车因为网约车合法开始降低份子钱的情况，在各地已经大幅上演。
比如宁波今年3月1日起试行《关于深化宁波市出租汽车行业改革的意见》，取消市区出租汽车每年1万元的营运权有偿使用费。而广州、兰州等地早已采取补贴等方式，开始降低出租车司机的份子钱。
据了解，出租车们司机对份子钱早有怨言。多名出租车司机告诉记者，这个份子钱太多、太过分。以一个价值6万元的出租车为例，如果每月交1.5万元的份子钱，4个月就可以收回成本，出租车公司只需要每年缴纳几千元的保险和年检费，利润太高。
事实上，出租车真正贵的是“牌照”。据21世纪经济报道记者了解，很多地区一般不多发出租车牌照，比如一个2000万人口的城市，出租车只有1万多辆，这就使出租车显得尤为“金贵”。
“出租车公司有出租车牌照，这是垄断稀缺资源，它自然是要获利的，获利的模式主要是把牌照交给司机来使用，实际上是拿上了总代理，再来搞分销。”北京大学法学院教授王锡锌教授表示。
但是，随着外部环境的改变，出租车公司们也不得不改变策略。此前，交通部调研发现，因为网约车的出现，导致出租车司机月收入下降了30%左右。
王锡锌教授认为，各地出租车公司开始降低份子钱，这是改革带来的红利，也是新技术的倒逼。“‘互联网+’的新经济模式已经成为一种不可阻挡的潮流，这次的网约车的改革，整个思路是把网约车和传统出租车放在一个系统中，进行系统改革。在这个背景中，出租车份子钱下调其实是一个被倒逼的结果，在网约车放开的情况下，传统出租车的模式是会被淘汰的，不改的话就什么利都没有了。”
但尽管出租车公司已经调降份子钱，司机们仍然不满意，这些钱无法弥补他们因为网约车冲击造成的收入下降。
从今年以来，刘大龙他们正规出租车的生意已经被网约车冲垮。据他介绍，现在每天最多能挣100元左右，仅够生活开支。这一数字在去年是每天200多元，更早的时候1天达到三四百元利润都并不困难。
对张伟的影响则更大。据他介绍，过去，深圳一辆出租车每天白天晚上加起来有约1500元收入，每位司机的毛收入是750元，去掉份子钱、汽油费用等，每天还有约400元净收入，每位司机每月有1万多元。
但是，自从网约车兴起后，目前一位司机每天少了约250元收入，去掉份子钱、汽油等费用后，每月仅剩下三四千元收入。他表示，即便现在政府和出租车公司加大补贴，意义也不大。
出租车司机博弈网约车
在网约车新政出台后，大批出租车司机开始人心思动。
张伟认为，“除非每月份子钱完全不收，否则大多数司机都会转网约车。”
今年40多岁的他告诉21世纪经济报道记者，深圳像他这样了解路况，服务好的出租车司机转为网约车后，会很吃香。他认为，如果单独开网约车的话，一天毛收入700多元，去掉20%上交，以及购车费用等成本，1个月轻松赚2万多问题不大。
像他这样想的出租车司机并不少。“我所在的公司现在真正做司机的越来越少，一个公司原先有近300个司机，现在只剩下200多人。其余的人都准备深圳出台网约车细则后，准备买车来干网约车出租。”张伟说。
但是刘大龙并没有这么乐观。他告诉21世纪经济报道记者，他对网约车最大的担忧是，福清当地只有450辆出租车，但是网约车可能有上千辆。“现在整个出租车公司的司机基本都不干活了，如果大家都转入网约车，未来会如何还不好说。”
“出租车司机都在等具体政策出台，大家也在商量看转不转网约车。”刘大龙说。
也有人认为，其实干网约车风险也很大。因为上税、审核、保险都要成本，此外，网约车平台也要扣费用，这等于是交份子钱，干得多当然也交得多。“现在地方政策可能还要调整，咱也不敢盲目就去开。”一位出租车司机表示。
另外，有一些地区因为较为特殊，所以网约车也面临问题。比如北京，有一位出租车司机告诉21世纪经济报道记者，北京现在最大的问题是没有车，因为买车要摇号。
“现在的北京买号很难，外地车都不会让你入。而且你要是真想干这行还得买个档次高点的车，但若是你不用了车也就浪费了。”他认为，如果出租车司机都从事网约车，并不一定合算。据他介绍，目前据他了解的40多位出租车司机中，想干网约车的不到5个人。
截至目前，交通部《网络预约出租汽车运营服务规范（征求意见稿）》正在听取各方意见，而各地的网约车的意见正待出台。
对此，专门对网约车有研究的东南大学法学院副教授顾大松认为，现在网约车可以从事出租车后，原先的出租车司机是否全部要被洗牌，还要观察。
“地方细则还没有出来，对车的要求，怎么办，怎么考，差不多三个月内会出来。到底如何，我觉得应该等一等看一看。”他说。
而他预计网约车合法后，出租车公司不会倒闭，其对车辆管理、人员管理有一定的经验。“网络平台可以和出租车公司合作，也能节约一些成本，这些人会是以后网约车里面的稀缺资源。”